Globalization seems to be highlighted only in its best or its worst times, the world’s teleological swing from connection to division. Yet we seem to be blind to the inclines and down falls. We recognize innovation once it is complete, not while it is evolving, or we mourn over devastation when the signs it was coming were there all along. As our society cycles through these peaks and valleys we need to remember that ancient globalized societies rose and fell many times over. Although or world changes and so does our definition of globalization we are still able to show parallels of modern globalization in historical times. One amazing feat for globalization was the astrolabe, it became a widely sought after tool in the mid-14th century. This demand for the tool came about after Islamic peoples used it to find Mecca. Islamic, Jewish and Christian thinkers revamped the astrolabe during a scientific revitalization. The tool shows many attributes from each group: Arabic, old Spanish and Hebrew language was found on the astrolabe pictured in MacGregor’s writing Hebrew Astrolabe. The astrolabe does much more than tell your position it can be used to find Mecca, tell time, survey and even find a person’s horoscope. MacGregor goes on to say that any explorer wanting to be taken seriously had to be well versed with this tool. Although with a superb navigation tool comes drawbacks, such as who uses the tool and the places that the tool takes them. Columbus happened to be one of these people, he used the astrolabe and other tools to sail across the Atlantic and discover islands in the Caribbean. Columbus was lucky to have a sort of perfect storm of new knowledge to help him cross the ocean. The introduction and perfection of the cog ship allowed him to brave the open waters of the Atlantic. He also utilized the discovery and knowledge of a Portuguese man named, Gil Eanns, who discovered and documented the Volta Domar Largo, a method of sailing further out to sea to find a current to push a ship back to where it came from. Once these Caribbean islands were discovered Columbus took to conquering them all. After disease wiped out most of the native peoples the rest were enslaved and their lands marginalized by Columbus
We live in a time of worldwide change. What happens in one part of the world impacts people on the other side of the world. People around the world are influenced by common developments.
During the 15th and 16th century, countries such as Portugal set out to find out more about the world in an era called the “Age of Exploration.” The explorers set out on voyages mainly to find sea trade routes to Asia. Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus, and Ferdinand Magellan were the explorers that made the most important breakthroughs. They used different boats, tools, and maps to help them explore.
According to Osterhammel and Petersson, globalization “summarizes a wide spectrum of experiences shared by many people” (2). I agree with this statement and would go on to claim that globalization is a group of processes and events, some beneficial and some harmful, that have resulted in the spread of networks across the world. However, this spread of networks did not happen over night. This is in part because not all interactions are transformed into networks, as these require a certain degree of longevity. In order for interactions to become networks, groups must consider the range between each other and their interactions must be important or impactful, intense, fast, durable, and frequent. For the reason that each of these characteristics must be present in order for networks to form, globalization has been in the works for many centuries and is still at work today. Therefore, while the historical events and processes of past centuries have provided the roots of globalization, the modernization of recent decades has built upon these roots to connect the world in a way
The issue of globalization for the people of the United States has been a long and terrifying problem for them. Although other countries many have had issues with this problem it appears the U.S. is still being affected by it to this day. Although not everyone in the United States may have been affected by the issue. Majority of the people (mid class and lower class) have somehow been affected by it or knows someone that has been affect because of it. This issue of globalization has been talked about by politicians so it appears it had to been a major impact to the country. Thus, this issue of globalization has been an issue for the United States for a long-time way before the twentieth centuries. Therefore, this paper will discuss what is globalization and how it has impacted Americans views and how some people’s views changed because of it and finally, what is the impact of communications technology. All these key topics will help with getting a better understanding of what these issue is and how it has affected society today.
Globalization is the process of world integration of ideas, cultures and economies. In the past five hundred years there were two major periods of globalization which have generated irreversible effects on the world. One period, began with the Age of Exploration in the late fifteenth century, and it spanned until the eighteen hundreds. The other period, the post WW II era, began in the middle of the twentieth century and continues today. Each of these eras marked a tremendous evolution in economic strength, religion, human rights, woman’s rights, agriculture and last but not least technology.
Although the first use of the term ‘globalization’ can be traced back to the 1940s, it was only after half a century that this concept stormed the public consciousness. The buzzword ‘globalization’ exploded into the ‘Roaring nineties’ because it captured the increasingly interdependent nature of social life on this planet. Earlier the concept of globalization was viewed as a techo-economic juggernaut spreading western culture and the intellection of capitalism and quashing local beliefs and national traditions. Thus, it was viewed as a ripple of Americanization. One corollary of the propagation of this perspective created fears in the minds of people, who had utter love and affection towards their own culture.
Globalization is an issue that has impacted the world for centuries. In a globalized world, nations and its peoples are connected in a multitude of ways, including by political relations, social impacts and cultural diffusion, and economic trade between countries. Those global connections produce both benefits and conflict that can affect the course of history. Throughout history, it has become evident there can be great advantages to social and economic globalization, but that the disadvantages of political globalization can be costly.
Abstract The historical context of globalization covers centuries. This paper divides those centuries into three eras. The first era covers the fifteenth through eighteenth centuries and views globalization through the lens of individuals who struggled to overcome natural, governmental, religious and economic barriers in their quest for wealth, freedom, position, and power. Throughout this era, the world of commerce was encumbered by territorial boundaries. The second era covers the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and saw great technological advances in transportation, machinery, livability, and communication. This
Many individuals correlate the term globalization with the recent expansion of many United States based companies to overseas locations. Globalization has actually been occurring for many hundreds of years. Looking back to the first explorers, they can be defined as the ones who started the movement. The world has been witnessing a globalization process at least for the last four centuries (Ates, 2008). Globalization still remains to be a phenomenon which nobody can agree on a clear definition. It has been responded to as a movement from one country to the next, an expansion into a foreign region to reap the benefits of untapped resources, or merely a location which offers a broader range of individuals to fill the needs of a business. No matter how it is defined or labeled, globalization has been occurring since modes of transportation have been available. When Christopher Columbus embarked on his journey to the new world, he was in search of a new region which had been untapped by other explorers. Many early explorers were merely in search of
While there are many definitions of the term globalization, a critical and widely accepted theme involves the ‘compression’ of time and space and its effect on social relations (Peet, 1). This ‘shrinking’ of the world has caused both a rise in and an intensification of economic, cultural, and social interactions. These increased exchanges have helped foster growing interdependence and integration across the globe, particularly in trade and investment. Aside from adding immense complexity to the world, the forces of globalization have paradoxically helped create a semblance of global consciousness while at the same time fomenting varying degrees of dissonance. The nexus of these integrative and disintegrative effects of globalization coupled with the relative decline of the nation-state as the overwhelming source of power, influence, and authority have generated the increased need for global governance.
Globalization is the proximate and multidimensional set of political, economic, social, and technological integration around the globe. The increasing interconnectedness among countries can be seen through the prism of globalization. Essentially, the lives of people living in distant cities like Bangalore and Silicon Valley are brought closer as a result of this phenomenon. Drivers of this adjacent include; the expansion of trade, technological exchange, labor movement and investments (Stearns 2017). The discourse of globalization encompasses several multidisciplinary themes. The paper, however, concentrates on the economic factors, “which, entails the closer economic integration of countries of the world through increased flow of goods, services, capital and even labor.” (Stiglitz 2007: 4). The paper focuses on economic globalization and elucidates whether the globalization has reduced poverty and inequality or had reproduced the reversed implications. Meanwhile, the paper reveals if the developing world has benefited from the set. This seems to be the central question that policymakers, development economists, and politicians have been grappling with for years. The paper is presented in three parts. Part one reflects on the historical context of the problem statement. The second part compiles literature and juxtaposes with cases to corroborate the globalization-poverty-inequality triangle. Finally, the conclusion represents the author’s viewpoint on the
As some of us may know, the term “globalize” started being used in the modern times. However globalization as an idea has been brought up since even before the 1500’s when people started forming connections between communities, and therefore creating forms of communication, migration and such between these. And it is probably from these examples that in the modern era we came to call it Globalization which is known for being a process of integration between cultures, societies, economies, etc. Nonetheless,
Globalization is a broad term used in multiple social studies classes. There are three types of globalization: cultural, economical and political. As both positive and negative views exist on globalization; using just the word globalization isn’t specific enough to understand these viewpoints. Knowing the different types of globalization will allow a person to form their own opinion whether or not each individual type of globalization has a positive or negative impact on society.
Globalization and the use of new technologies and how it strengthens or weakens global inequalities
Globalization can be defined as the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale. (Oxford Dictionaries, 2016)