His theory proposed the idea of relying on parents being the main ones to shape a child’s future, when a child is younger they are the main one to support the child but this depends on the family being a nuclear family and not a single parent family; when a parent is caring for a child on their own they may leave their child in the care of a nursery this can often cause the child to build a stronger relationships with their key person as they spend more time with them than their parents this can also happen in the case of grandparents looking after then a child may feel closer to them. This however changes when the child’s grow up entering adolescence as they are more likely to be influenced by their peers as they will begin to spend more time with them than family.
“Friendship attachments are important during adolescence because they are sources of emotional security and support, contexts for growth in social competence, and prototypes for later relationships” (Seiffge-Krenke, 1993)
His theory also showed me that although parents are the biggest influence on children, once they grow up they are not the ones influencing the children as they become more influenced by their peers once they are older; they will spend more time with their friend so can often sometimes pick up the same habits as their friends. By looking at his theory I have picked up skills on how to talk to young people when they are going through difficult transition; this will later affected my practice as
The folk theory “As the twig is bent, so grows the tree” was invented by Alexander Pope of the 18th century. This theory means that early influences have a perpetual effect on a person’s life. Many things effect development such as environmental factors, social norms, parental and peer influences. A child learns by watching and early on in life when children have no way of communicating that’s all they do. These early year experiences shape who a person will become and how they will act. This applies to lifespan human development in the earliest years of life including infancy, and part of childhood. Children lead by example, so everything that is experienced helps develop their personality. Subcultural differences, nature and nurture, and
There have been several Humanistic and Existential human development theories which are of great use when counselling children and young people. Some key theorists in these fields include Carl Rogers, who believed in the inherent nature of the individual to find their own answers to the problems through non-directive counselling. Virginia Axline, who, like Rogers, believed in the ability of the child to solve their own problems through non-directive play in a safe environment. Fritz Perls, who emphasised the experience of bodily sensations, thoughts and
Psychosocial development throughout the Life Cycle theory (sometimes known as individual development theory) proposes that each individual has the ability to master their environment at all stages of life (Coady & Lehman, 2008; Hutchison, 2008). The theory had its
This theory is also helpful in allowing people to see what they should do to prevent this from happening. The most simple way to do it is to give a child attention and teach them right from wrong. In today’s society, it is so simple for two people to have children, whether planned or unplanned, but they are not truly ready for all the responsibilities that come with it. They might believe that they are ready to care for a child, but when they do have that child the become aware of how hard it is to take care of it and soon neglect it. This then leads to the child getting everything that it needs to correctly function in society. When a child is brought into this world it is put onto the parents to teach a child how to fit in
Humanist development – This theory was developed by Abraham Maslow and is based on motivation and personality. He looked at people’s motivation and came to the conclusion that people had certain fundamental needs which need to be met before they could begin to fulfil their
to school it must be able to talk and be able to write a few words or
The study of human development is essential for the reason that is provides us with the answers we seek by enabling us to understand, explain, predict, and even control behavior (Gardiner & Kosmitzki, 2010). Having stated that, a theory greatly contributes to our understanding and analysis of our findings. Theories do so by providing a scheme that helps
It is widely known that the physical activity (PA) levels for children are not being met world wide. There are a myriad of activities and movements that children can participate to receive the recommended 60 minutes a day of PA. However, how do parents have an influence on the physical activity their children are receiving? Gwendolyn Kay VanDerworp and Sarah-Jane Ryan’s 2014 article “Parents’ Perception of their Influence on their Child’s Physical Activity” studies how parents perceive their influence on there children’s PA. During this interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) study, three major themes arose in how they perceived their influence on PA. These themes; environment of opportunity, negative barriers, and their interactions with their children, served as the foundation of the article. In this paper I will discuss the findings of VanDerworp and Ryan’s research and how parental influences effect children’s PA.
Friendship means different things to different people in different cultures. Friendship is also different from other kinds of relationship such as love, family and professional. The influential power on people’s behaviour, style, ideas and life is dominant and remarkable and therefore worthwhile for scientific investigation. This essay will compare and contrast the academic research of three dominant and pioneer scientists on the development psychology discipline and especially in the field of children’s expectations and children’s understanding of friendship. It will
During that time social norms changed, where children were given responsibilities as if they were adults because parents were busy taking care of other things. Such as, gender roles changed many women were known as stay home moms, due to the situation women decided to work; meanwhile, their husbands have gone to war. This theory is important because it states the point of development and change. These two are the main factors of human growth. Our human existence is wrapped around development and change even though there are other factors around it. As I state another point, this theory should be taken into consideration because as human we are identified by our socioeconomic background and life transition. Even if years will past but this theory will not change and by meeting every
Unit five discusses aspects that relate to intimacy during adolescence. One very important thing I took from the unit is how friendships change during adolescence. When children are asked what are important aspects of friendship they say things such as sharing, helping, and common activities. When adolescents are asked the same question they say sharing, helping, and common activities, but they also add that self-disclosure, common interests, similar attitudes, values, and loyalty. Sullivan says this happens because teenagers desire more intimacy in their friendships than children do (Steinberg, 2014). Therefore, they place a greater weight on that in their friendships.
The major principles of a lifespan development theory are: Freuds' psychoanalytic theory, Erikson's psychosocial theory, Piaget's theory of cognitive development, and Vygotsky's socialcultural theory. Each theory in particular showcases different aspects of a persons' experience while growing up in life from a young age to adulthood. Freuds' theory believes that unconsciousness is what determines someone’s personality and behavior. This is just one example, as each given theory deals with something of different. If we take the psychoscial theory and put it beside the psychoanalytic theory: The difference is easy to spot. Eriksons' theory deals more with others where as Freuds' deals with ourself. With Piaget's theory, it is more drawn to the
He theory helps to explain how human grow and develop and how some come to mature and still lack something significant from their past however are still productive and successful people. And can also help pin point where something happened based on what personality traits are displayed.
In research conducted by Henderson and Berla in 1994, they determined that “the most accurate predictor of a student’s achievement in school is not income or social status”, it is parental involvement. This is a need that must be addressed at Mena Schools. After discussions with the counselor and principal at the school I currently teach at, I discovered there was a weak area when dealing with parental involvement. I have made it my goal to become involved and I have researched different activities that would possibly increase, not only parental involvement, but include the students as well. As a classroom teacher, I have realized that if the student is involved, the parents are more likely to participate and enjoy their experience.
This theory focused on how children socialize and how they develop their sense of self. This happens in eight distinct stages. I will only be discussing the ones that occur from birth to puberty. Each developmental stage has two possible outcomes. According to the theory, successful completion of each stage results in a healthy personality and successful interactions with others. Failure to successfully complete a stage can result in a reduced ability to complete further stages and therefore a more unhealthy personality and sense of self. These stages, however, can be resolved successfully at a later time.