The Mckinney Act Analysis

Homelessness has been a prevalent and contentious topic since its public emergence in the 1980’s. In fact, according to the most recent estimates, on any given night in the United States, there are roughly 645,000 people residing in homeless shelters or unsheltered street locations (U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2011). And based on a local study done by the Mental Health Unit at the Houston Police Department in 2011, Houston has the largest homeless population in Texas and the eighth largest in the United States. While many great efforts have been put forth to aid the homeless population in Houston, “the public health epidemiology task of quantifying and tracking child and family homelessness over time has been complicated…by increasing rates of…shortages [in] affordable housing” (Grant et al., 2013), and restrictions on temporary encampments (Loftus-Ferren, 2013). In order to successfully reduce, prevent and combat homelessness, more policies must be put in place to create sustainable, affordable housing for homeless families and to modify current laws that harm homeless individuals.

In 1988 expand eligible activities and to modify the distribution of McKinney funds. In 1990 to create new programs such the Shelter Plus Care program, which provides housing assistance to homeless individuals with disabilities, mental illness, AIDS, and drug or alcohol addiction, and a demonstration program within the Health Care for the Homeless program to provide primary health care and outreach to at-risk and homeless children. The amendment also specified obligation of states and local educational agencies in assuring the access of homeless children and youth to public education due to the lack of education received by homeless children and high drop-out rate for homeless youth.1992 amendment modified and expanded the Title IV, the shelter, and housing provisions. With certain vulnerable population such as those with mental illness and addiction becoming more homeless than others. Lastly, in 1994 Congress amended the Education of the Homeless Children

McKinney Vento Act provides federal funding to states to meet the needs of homeless students. States are given the flexibility to spend the funds appropriately. This includes the fixed amendment where schools can spend money on direct education services including various programs. LAUSD would continue to use these federal funds to hire homeless liaisons as part of their Homeless Education Program. The Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF) was passed in California and gives school districts more authority over how the money will be spent in their K-12 schools. (Ed-Data, 2015) LAUSD is eligible for this funding. This formula would ultimately give school districts 20% more money for each of their high needs students. High need

Homelessness is a major problem in the United States. An incredibly vulnerable group is the homeless youth due to their young age and lack of education. According to Edidin, Ganim, Hunter, & Karnik (2012) on any particular night in the United States there are ~2 million homeless youth living on the streets, in shelters, or in other temporary accommodation. Youth become homeless for multiple reasons whether it be because they have aged out of foster care, ran from home, were kicked out of their home, or because they have become homeless along with their family members. Within the umbrella categorization of homeless youth there are high at risk subgroups, common misconceptions, and a serious concern of lack of support and medical services.

Being able to stay rent free and being provided home cooked meals will give them the opportunity to work and build their finance. The community could even give them jobs to work that way they can spend time with their families and work on themselves. By building the schools, the youth not only will have places to live and food to eat, but easy access to the classroom close to home. The Plos medicine editors states " But charities such as Crisis and Shelter are already warning that the risk of homelessness for many people is closer than we have previously assumed and now more than ever, homeless people can no longer be considered outside of society. Political will at the highest level is needed to put them back into the mainstream political and therefore health and social agenda." (Plos medicine, 5) Ignoring the fact that people need help is unebenfital for society because this allows ofr people who are homeless but have a lot of potiential to be left on the backburner and forgotten. There are many homeless youth roaming through the united states , and to deny them of the same support other finaicla youth receive, is to completely attempt to stop someones life before it even

With the informing of the nation, next comes the awareness of the government. The most influential Americans, the ones capable of written, federal change, have turned an ear to the cause. Legislation so far has helped greatly. Acts like the Housing and Community Act of 1974, which gave housing opportunities for lower income families, and the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, an organization aimed at helping communities and with which the Education for Homeless Children and Youth program was added to in 1987, have supported the cause to this day. The aforementioned Education for Homeless Children and Youth Program ensured homeless children and youth equal access to an education. Even with this help, many schools found conflict arising in areas such as residency, guardian requirements, incomplete or missing documentation (Dealing with 114). There is

The McKinney-Vento Act originally provided a range of services to homeless people, including emergency shelter, transitional housing, job training, primary health care, education, and some permanent housing. Since the passage of the original McKinney Act in 1987, the now McKinney-Vento Act programs have been expanded and funding throughout the years has significantly increased. However, due to the increased persistence of homelessness across the country, the McKinney-Vento programs have suffered recent setbacks. Support for the McKinney-Vento programs has significantly declined. Several McKinney-Vento programs saw their funding eliminated entirely. These programs included the Adult Education for the Homeless program, the Homeless Veterans Reintegration Project, the Emergency Community Services Homeless Grant Program, and the Family Support Centers (National Coalition for the Homeless, 2006). The McKinney-Vento Act has created valuable programs that have helped many Americans to regain stability, as homelessness shows no signs of abating, the programs created by the McKinney-Vento Act are needed now more than

Homeless families compose a fraction of the homeless population as they “represent roughly a third of the homeless population in the United States (U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2010), and approximately 1.5 million children—1 in 50 youngsters—are homeless each year in the United States” (p. 389). These homeless families often struggle to find permanent residency as a collective unit. There are several types of housing situations available for homeless families such as temporary housing, transitional housing settings, and shelters, yet the housing situation for homeless families often causes stress for families as stability and a secure home is always in question. “The lack of stable, consistent housing is the central, defining characteristic of families experiencing homelessness, distinguishing them and their experience(s) from those with stable housing who experience other correlated conditions (e.g., poverty)” (Kilmer, Cook, Crusto, Strater, and Haber, 2012, p. 394). Homeless families often seek different types of housing usually by first reaching out to temporary shelters in emergency situations like domestic violence that often lead to homelessness, which provide services for children and families. There are many challenges families encounter in the process of seeking permanent housing.

Homelessness is a pressing issue that affects everyone all over the world, of all ages, all race and all sexes. There is an inexcusable amount of young people who are homeless. 17% of all homeless people are under the age of twelve. That could be the age of a younger sibling. Imagine if they were homeless, living on the streets. This is the reality that some have to face

Although most American citizens do not typically notice government programs in their daily lives, implemented policies have major effects on American citizens. It is estimated that around 1.35 million children suffer from homelessness due to their families living on the streets (Crook). With this massive housing conundrum, the United States government should increase funding for the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act. Increased funding would decrease homelessness by lowering the crime rate, educating students, and improving American living conditions.

The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (McKinney-Vento) covers many aspects of homelessness. The original Act contained 15 different programs for people who were homeless (United States Department of Housing and Urban Development [HUD], 2007). I will be focusing on Title VII-B of this act. This section of McKinney-Vento speaks to homeless children and their right to equal access to an appropriate public school education. This Act has been in existence since 1987. Due to school performance standards put in place by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, this specific section of the McKinney-Vento Act has been reauthorized to include new mandates (United States Department of Education [DE], 2004).

The bigger an issue, the more likely it is to be ignored because then people are able to blame the size of the issue. In 2015, a study found that over 500,000 people were homeless in the United States. At this point, major cities were beginning to declare homelessness an emergency situation, yet majorly successful solutions remained few and far between. In Kozol’s book. he writes about how common it is for the government to look the other way or to choose the option based on what will cost the government the least or what is more beneficial for the government, rather than what is best for the schools. “... the districts that face the toughest challenges are also likely to be those that have the fewest funds to meet their children’s needs” (Source G, 56). It is important to recognize that the book is written based off of Kozol’s experiences in the late twentieth century, meaning that the specifics of the situations may differ in present day but the basic themes and issues remain. In Source B, Lloyd Pendleton discusses how the Housing First system helped to decrease chronic homelessness in Utah by 91%. In Source E, Richard J. Berry, the mayor of Albuquerque, New Mexico, describes how he helped create

Homeless families with children represent the fastest growing segment of the homeless population; in fact, they constitute about 40 percent of all people who are homeless (Stronge 7). In addition, the most recent estimate of homeless children and youngsters by the United States Department of Education is 744,000 (Stronge 7). These statistics are indeed quite frightening, and they go to show that children constitute a large part of the homeless dilemma. The part of that dilemma that seems most taxing is that of educating such homeless children. How can these kids become active members of society if they are unable to receive a proper public education, the same education that is provided for so many other kids under the Constitution?

The McKinney‐Vento Homeless Assistance Act, reauthorized in December 2001, ensures educational rights and protections for children and youth experiencing homelessness (CDE). Make sure that any students identified as homeless enroll in school, and receive the same opportunity to do well in school. Make sure that homeless families be provided with any services they are eligible for. Homeless Liaison assists students at Angela Davis College Prep.

In today’s society children becoming homeless and having to fend for themselves is wide-spread but homelessness in families also tends to be common (Jewel 2). This issue affects the human population in a very grave way which leaves one out of every fifty children experiencing this immense epidemic (Crary 1). The current recession, has caused sixteen percent of homeless children to be present in our country today and with the economy worsening this statistic will increase (Kingsbury 1).