On June 15th, 1920, three innocent men were beaten and lynched in Duluth, Minnesota. The alleged rape and robbery of a teenage girl by six African American men, led a mob of protesters to kidnap three of the men and punish them without trial . Durring this time, racial tensions were at an all-time high in Duluth . The Duluth lynchings were met with different reactions, and in many ways it sparked a change in the United States. Events such as this one often go unremembered due to their troubling nature, but these events are educational and necessary to learn while investigating Minnesota history. The background, legal action, and after math of it all show how Minnesota, and the country as a whole reacted to this event . While some Local Duluth newspaper responded in favor of the mob, the majority of National newspapers condemned the mob for their heinous crimes. Opposite reactions from multiple news reports shows how divided our country was about civil rights at the time, and how controversial the topic was . A call to action was needed. The Duluth lychings affected the nation by showing how controversial civil rights was at this time, and influencing the creation of new programs and laws to protect the rights of African Americans in our country. The 1920’s presented many hardships for the small black community the resided in Duluth. Racial tensions in the city, as well as all over the country, were high during this period . Duluth’s population grew due to the harbor and
Ida Wells-Barnett, writer of Lynch Law in America, offers an eye-opening article that reflects back on the negative experiences the black community suffered just because of their racial background. Wells-Barnett first starts by describing that there is an “unwritten law” that justifies every action against blacks because it proclaimed that for certain crimes no white person should be compelled to charge an assault under oath. This unwritten law, according to her, was advocated by “red-shirt” groups whose purpose, initially, was to “intimidate, suppress, and nullify the negro’s right to vote” (71). Then, she describes that in order to accomplish the main purpose, it was necessary to “beat, exile, and kill negros” (71). Therefore, the lynchings began in the South; and, on average, two hundred women and men were put to death annually. These lynchings were extremely publicized; the lynching mobs cut off extremities.
African Americans now constitute nearly 1 million of the total 2.3 million incarcerated; that is 60% of 30% of the African American population. African Americas are incarcerated at nearly six times the rate of whites. “Between 6.6% and 7.5% of all black males ages 25 to 39 were imprisoned in 2011, which were the highest imprisonment rates among the measured sex, race, Hispanic origin, and age groups." (Carson, E. Ann, and Sabol, William J. 2011.) Stated on Americanprogram.org “ The Sentencing Project reports that African Americans are 21 percent more likely to receive mandatory-minimum sentences than white defendants and are 20 percent more likely to be sentenced to prison.” Hispanics and African Americans make up 58% of all prisoners in 2008, even though African Americans and Hispanics make up approximately one quarter of the US population. (Henderson 2000). Slightly 15% of the inmate population is made up of 283,000 Hispanic prisoners.
Nonetheless, BLM does receive a great number of criticisms. Some people point out that it wouldn 't last. The movement is blamed for its having no coherent structure and no powerful leadership that it will eventually fail. Opponents said that Black Lives Matter actually worsened race relations in America, pointing to the polls that show Americans opinions about race relations being worse in recent years, but BLM supporters asserted just because they have pointed out racism in America doesn 't mean the group was to blame. Republican candidate for President 2016 Chris Christie has turned up his criticism of the Black Lives Matter movement and support the police. He also accused the group of calling for the deaths of police officers. BLM has
Urban Blacks were also encounter with extreme racial violence in neighborhoods and at work. Different ethnic groups of new immigrants obtained power and used conflict as a strategy of diminishing urban Blacks power level. They began blocking Urban Black workers going to work throughout new immigrant’s neighborhoods. Race riots have played a crucial role in the social establishment of race, prejudice, and discrimination across the United States. Race riots uncovered fundamental tensions in societies experiencing swift technological and economic changes. In 1920, there were many race riots and other violence in many places, such as Red Summer Race Riots of 1919 and the St. Louis Riot of 1917 that took place during the segregation in the South and the Black urban migration to the North. These race riots were response to the reality that Urban Blacks were carrying on a powerful struggle against White supremacy. During race riots, Urban Blacks lived through a renewed flow of riots, massacres, and racial terrorism.
The Chicago race riots of 1919 were one of the darkest moments in our nations history. But something so terrible does not just happen over night, in fact the reason for this riot began with the Great Migration around 1910. The Great Migration was the relocation of more than 6 million African-Americans from the rural south into the urban north. Of those 6 million African-Americans traveling to the north 500,000 of them went to Chicago 's South Side. The African-American population thought they were going to a better situation by escaping the apartheid practices of Jim Crow. However they were taken advantage of and seen as new competition to the northern white population. Nine years later during the summer of 1919, two years after World War I ended, the American society suffered from a racial tension that it has never seen before. The racial tension brewed from the demobilization of black and white
Let’s examine the reality of violence during the Reconstruction Era. In the document, “Southern Horrors- Lynch Laws in All its Phases, by Ida B. Wells-Barnett we see countless examples of the continued violence in the south against African-Americans. The slogan “This is white man’s country and the
How does the case of Ossian and Gladys Sweet reveal the racism of the 1920s and affect other African American people?
With the many conversations about the African-American communities and their issues with gang violence, government assistance, and the lack of jobs in their communities it is clear to say that the American Dream or even a moderate lifestyle was not created for all African Americans and Minorities and since we found a way to be noticed, heard, and felt like they’re rightfully a part of something America wants to now label it “war or Drugs” and “gang Violence” thus creating Gang Injunctions in those predominantly of color communities. Now I am not stating that the violence is not present, innocent lives are not being taken, nor are drugs consuming our communities, but what I am saying is that they act as if there is no other approach that could help clean up the streets, provide piece and harmony among all communities, and solve issues for the betterment of the community. Instead they are removing them from their communities, threatening them from going to their neighborhood, and as a consequence they get jail time, an institution that already houses half if not more than half of our black men. The gang injunction initiative is set up to tear apart the minority communities through driving up the prices and making them move, especially if they have a family member who is under the injunction’s rules. Its ironic how they put them in such enclosed space, while they make suburban home for the economically fit causing them to commute and now they are systematically removing them
After the events that took place of John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry, tensions rose just before the election of 1860. The presidential candidates were Abraham Lincoln from the Republican Party, Stephen Douglas a northern Democrat, John C. Breckinridge of the southern Democrats, and John Bell from the Constitutional Union Party. The main issues of the election was slavery and popular sovereignty-- the people in the state or territory would chose if slavery would be allowed or prohibited.
One of the events which sparked massive discussions of racial inequality across America was the famous trial of the Scottsboro boys, nine African American boys who were the victims of a false accusation of the rape of two white girls. The alleged rapes occurred on March 25th, 1931. Due to the Great Depression, “hoboing” or riding freight trains free was common at the time, and the train’s passengers - two white girls, four white boys, and nine black boys who did not know each other - were all illegally onboard. Around halfway through the train’s journey through southern Alabama, a fight erupted between the white boys and the black boys, resulting in the black boys forcing all but one of the white boys off the train - Haywood Patterson, one of the soon-to-be infamous Scottsboro boys, pulled Orville Gilley, the white boy, back onto the train when he realised
Lynching in the New South Georgia and Virginia, 1880–1930 revolves around as expected, lynching – mob acts used as means for control of social justice. The book describes how lynching varied and took form in the two states of Georgia and Virginia. The author categorizes four different mob groups; posses, private, terrorist, and mass mobs, that were actively in lynching. This work attempts to clarify and explain the most commonly known phase, the southern and purely racist phase in the history of mob violence in the United States.
The selected primary source from the 1920s includes the Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill of 1922. The tabling of the bill is valuable in understanding the racial conflicts prevalent in the 1920s. The textbook by The Stapleton Collection provides that it was common during the pre-war racial structure for the police to release detained African Americans to mobs to lynch them. Notably, such a treatment of African Americans was the reason behind the Tulsa race riots that took place when armed African Americans sought to rescue their detained compatriot from mob lynching. In an attempt to avoid such lynching, Leonidas C. Dyer tabled the bill in the Congress. The bill marked an important phase in
During the 1900's to the 1930's hundreds of thousands of Blacks moved from the South to the North, a period noted as the urban transformation. Many wanted to escape the atrocities of the South where they were haunted by slavery and hunted by angry ex-slaveholder's. Their expectations of the North were unreal and often too hopeful. They had hoped for jobs in the cities but were greeted by overcrowded slums and angry immigrants. Black people immediately fell victim to race riots. White people joined together in their hatred of blacks. They did not want to lose their jobs to "savages." Immigrants already had low paying jobs and black people would take even lower
Over the years of 1877 to the 1900’s many changes were occurring. The Southern cities were changing faster than anyone could’ve imagined with new transportation, growing industries, and the end of slavery. Not to mention, the changing role of women.
To me the fall of blacks in America is a very important issue to me. How is the black community ending? One reason is black on black violence, another reason is not teaching our youth about their ancestors and last but not least, insecurities. I'll explain how.