Today, the established way for describing security requirements, as reflected for example in the Common Criteria, an international standard to achieve comparability of independent IT security evaluations, starts with a description of the functional requirements, the system architecture, and its working environment. It then continues with a threat analysis that describes envisaged threats, possibly followed by an evaluation of the severity of threats through a risk analysis and ends with the definition of a security policy. But nowadays, the world is not as simple as that: in civil systems, in which we are interested, there are many more stakeholders who have an interest in an asset than just the owner of the IT system. More often than not, stakeholders have conflicting interests with respect to assets. The paradigm of multilateral security acknowledges this fact. Multilateral security contradicts the traditional view, which assumes that there is a ‘‘trusted tribe’’ who has a homogeneous set of security requirements against the rest of the world. But this traditional assumption still heavily influences common approaches toward security engineering. To take multilateral security seriously in security requirements engineering (SRE), a requirements engineering process must support engineers in identifying security goals of the security stakeholders, and in resolving conflicts among them—and in the reconciliation of security goals and other, notably functional, requirements.
During SDLC phase one, the initiation phase, “the need for a system is expressed and the purpose of the system is documented” (NIST, 2008). Some of the expected outcomes from this phase would be a project plan and schedule; system performance specifications outlining the operational requirements, system design documents, and a document that defines roles and responsibilities. The corresponding RMF step, security categorization, establishes the foundation for security standardization among information systems and provides a vital step towards integrating security into the information system (NIST, 2008). During this step, the type(s) of information processed by the information system are identified and the information system is categorized to determine the level of protection requirements to put in place. Some of the expected outputs of this step include a security project plan and schedule, documented system boundary, the system categorization, and the security roles and responsibilities. These two process steps are very similar except the focus of RMF is on information security related functions. In some cases, SDLC produces the expected outputs that RMF requires, and the security professionals only require a copy of the documentation for their records. For example, the system design document often depicts the system boundary. The reason this step is so critical is that it
Leonard Beaton similarly argued for the need to expand conceptions of security outward from the limits of parochial national security to include a range of systemic considerations. Likewise, Stanley Hoffman argued for the need to begin ‘turning national security into an aspect of world order policy’. Hedley Bull argued against excessive self-interest in approaches to national security, and for a broader view in which common interest and linkage among securities receive greater attention. More generally, Krause and Nye observed that ‘neither economists nor political scientists have paid enough attention to the complexity of the concept of security, including its instrumental role in the enhancement of different values’. The Brandt Commission called for a new concept of security that would transcend the narrow notions of military defence and look more towards the logic of a broader interdependence. The common theme underlying these voices was that a notion of security bound to the level of individual states and military issues is inherently inadequate.
Consider your case-study industry and the security discussions that are taking place there. Consider the security discussions that are taking place in this seminar. Delve into the models that have been explored and articulate what you and your colleagues think of these conceptual frameworks. Assess the overall value of models and frameworks to your industry's security environment. Reference sources and the interview will be essential to the success of this particular assignment.
internal and external users to whom access to the organization’s network, data or other sensitive
Another step involves security checks upon implementation and describes agency-level threat to the business scenario or the mission. It similarly entails sanctioning the information system for processing and lastly constant monitoring of the security controls. FISMA and NIST's standards are aimed at offering the ways for agencies to achieve their identified missions with safety commensurate with the threat (United States Department of Agriculture, 2015). Together with guidelines from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), FISMA and NIST create a framework for advancing and growing an information security scheme (SecureIT, 2008). Such framework includes control descriptions and evaluation, program development, and system certification and accreditation. The final objective involves conducting daily functioning of the agency and achieving the agency's articulated objectives with sufficient security commensurate with risk.
Harris, S. (2006, November 5). Developing an information security program using SABSA, ISO 17799. Retrieved September 19th, 2015, from
An effective information security program should include, periodic assessments of risk, including the magnitude of harm that could result from the unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction of information and information systems that support the operations and assets of the organization. Policies and procedures should be based on risk assessments, cost effective reduced information security risk, and it should ensure that the information security is addressed throughout the entire life cycle of each and every organizational information system. Subordinate plans for providing sufficient information security for groups of the information system, facilities, networks, or information systems.
Due to the time restraint and the increasing focus on vulnerabilities in your security structure, this document only covers four of the areas that will eventually have written security policies.
The author discusses the problems of a blurred distinction of internal and external security. As the world has become more globalized, complex issues that cross both internal and external
In “Anarchy is What States Make of It” Alexander Wendt describes two opposing state systems—competitive and cooperative. In competition, “states identify negatively with each other’s security so that ego’s gain is seen as alter’s loss.” In cooperation, “the security of each [state] is perceived as the responsibility of all.” Currently, there are problems such as the spread of nuclear weapons, terrorism, poverty in developing countries, international financial instability, and climate change that confront the entire global community. Ideally states could cooperate in order to solve all of these dilemmas in the next twenty years. Realistically, they will only solve problems with specific and easily stated solutions. Cooperation tends
Third criterion would focus on the security and other risk factors that could potentially loom and emerge upon using the program. Today, were everybody is networked and linked together, cyber security is no longer an optional supplement to an organization. Cyber- attacks are a serious concern especially to an organization like ours which deals with criminal entities around the world. In recognition of this threat, we should not overlook its potential catastrophic effects. The procedure I would employ require a consultation with the organization’s tech expert or the programming engineer. I would utilize their expertise in assessing the programs “behaviour” from installation to usage. I would seek some educated solutions to some questions I deem vital such as the programs’ compatibility to our security software, memory usage and how it accesses other programs, and other system overlaps. Furthermore, I would maximize their expertise in resolving the errors I might have encountered along the process. Lastly, I would also seek additional guidance on how to troubleshoot for solutions if glitches occur.
Designing a working plan for securing the organization s information assets begins by creating or validating an existing security blueprint for the implementation of needed security controls to protect the information assets. A framework is the outline from which a more detailed blueprint evolves. The blueprint is the basis for the design, selection, and implementation of all subsequent security policies, education and training programs, and technologies. The blueprint provides scaleable, upgradeable, and comprehensive security for the coming years. The blueprint is used to plan the tasks to be accomplished and the order in which
When an individual thinks of security, one of the first thoughts is that of warfare or the protection from. To be secure from attack from foreign governments or non-state violent actors. However, security is much more encompassing. One can look into Buzan’s five areas of security, military, political, economic, societal, and environmental, to begin to define what security actually encompasses.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the six chapters assigned for this week. First, in Weiss et al.’s first chapter entitled The Theory of UN Collective Security, the authors elaborate on the foundation and purpose of the United Nations serves on a global scale by means of collectivity. Second, chapter four entitled Evolving Security Operations: Kosovo, East Timor, Sierra Leone, Lebanon, Sudan, Cote d’Ivoire, Libya, and Syria, provides specific examples of relations between the United Nations and individual nation-states, the progress the UN has made in developing countries, and how the resistance the UN faces affect the organization as well as the population they serve. Third, chapter ten of Weiss et al.’s book, Sustainable Development as Process: UN Organizations and Norms focuses on the humanitarian efforts of the UN, especially in the focus of establishing self-sufficiency in developing countries. Then the three chapters in Pease’s book, Security, The Environment, and Human Rights and Humanitarian Issues, focus on three key issues facing the international organizations today.
Although India rejected all multilateral attempts which can increase the diplomatic power of the US-alliance in the region, India has established bilateral agreement with a large number of state actors in order to engage closer relationship. However, it is important to note that such emerging relationship is not an alliance, but a strategic partnership. Schaffer determines that India is currently aiming at a selective and strategic partnership which 'starting with common interests that both sides can pursue without too much strain and expanding, as both countries develop the habit of working together is more sensible' . Thus, some view India would play a crucial role in balancing China due to rising power rivalry and growing energy