In the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee shows us the prejudice towards black men in the American judicial system. Since the 1930s, the injustice towards black men and woman has not improved. In the United States, over 2,3 million people are incarcerated and one-third black babies will be incarcerated, (Stevenson, P.15). To change this, we need to implement change now. Our society needs to change before the next Tom Robinson is sentenced without a fair trial.
The town of Maycomb was the standard for treatment of Negros in the 1930s. An example of discrimination Negros faced in To Kill a Mockingbird, was when Mr. Radley made the assumption a black person was sneaking around in this yard. Miss Stephanie said that, “Shot in the air. Scared him pale, though. Says if anybody sees a white nigger around, that’s the one” (Lee, P.54). This shows how Mr. Radley assumed only a Negro would sneak into his yard. Maycomb also shows prejudice towards Atticus when he defends Tom Robbinson. Even Atticus’s family displays prejudice towards Atticus, “I guess it ain’t your fault if uncle Atticus is a nigger-lover besides, but I’m here to tell you it certainly does mortify the family” (Lee, P.83). This is Francis regurgitating what his family has told him. Prejudice goes beyond Maycomb’s habits and extends right into the court of law with tom’s trial. Tom was wrongly accused as a result of a prejudice jury. Even a knowledgeable man, Atticus, knows that Tom would not be proven innocent
The whole town of Maycomb is racist, which makes Atticus’s job harder trying to defend Tom Robinson against the word of a white man.Tom Robinson’s case is unjust since he is black and the majority of Maycomb revert to the stereotype that all blacks are immoral and criminals. “Quote” shows that it is a situation where little is possible to do when defending a black man because the town of Maycomb is deeply affected by racism they tend to only make decisions based on the race and so immediately think Tom Robinson is guilty, that he did indeed raped Mayella when there was so much evidence to prove otherwise. This is challenging for Atticus, since he has to persuade everyone to pretend there is no stereotype about blacks and that they are human
Atticus says that even though Tom is innocent, the all-white jury will find him guilty anyway because he is a black man. The people of Maycomb are livid that their best lawyer would defend a black man who “raped” a white woman. Up until now, Maycomb has been displayed as a happy little town, it’s been seen as nothing but positive. The racist and unflattering side of Maycomb has been exposed as they attack the Finches. Even some of the Finches’ family members disapproves of Atticus’s choice. The town believes that Atticus defending a black man puts the Finch name to shame. They believed that he shouldn’t have done what he
Atticus is a mockingbird for the Maycomb society. He has the correct attitude towards different races. In Tom Robinson’s case, he provides strong arguments Tom’s accusation and proves that Tom Robinson did not rape and harm Mayella Ewell. Even though Atticus failed to restore Tom back to Tom’s family due to racial discrimination existed commonly in Maycomb in 1930s, Atticus leads the society to take the first small step in the right direction in the battle against racial discrimination, according to the quote stated by Miss Maudie, “Atticus Finch won’t win, he can’t
As Lemony Snicket wrote in The Blank Book, “People don’t always get what they deserve in this world.” 1930s America was fraught with racism, especially in the southern states. In Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, a Negro man by the name of Tom Robinson was put on trial. Although he was not guilty, the jury convicted him because of the colour of his skin. During the trial, others showed injustice towards Tom and people that were on his side. As Tom’s lawyer, Atticus Finch was not admired by many of the white citizens of Maycomb, the town in which the novel takes place. Although Atticus and Jean Louise Finch (Scout) were white, they were still treated unjustly as a result of helping and supporting Tom Robinson. Scout, Atticus’
Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird tells of a town in Alabama, called Maycomb. In this deeply-rooted racist town, there is a trial against an African American man, accused of raping a white woman. One man, however, Atticus Finch, has the opportunity to help the the man on trial. Although he knows he will lose the trial, he takes the case anyway. Atticus is respected in Maycomb, and known for his wisdom and experience. He is a good-hearted, egalitarian man who is always there and willing to provide guidance to his children and to the town of Maycomb, with his years of practice and experience.
Race is the dominant cause of inequality in To Kill A Mockingbird, thus Maycomb’s views on race heavily influence every aspect of life. Although racial inequality is clearly illustrated in the in the injustice, prejudice, discrimination and antagonism surrounding the Tom Robinson trial, it is also shown more subtly throughout the novel. In chapter 25 Atticus Finch is quoted disclosing that the corrupt justice system is a direct cause of a racist society. “In our courts, when it's a white man’s word against a black man’s, the white man always wins” (Pg 295). To emphasize, on the same occasion Atticus attempts to explain to his children how widely spread racism is, “As you grow older, you’ll see white men cheat black men everyday of your life”
Maycomb's unjust beliefs on race determined the outcome of Tom Robinson's trail. Atticus´s defence was more than enough to set Tom free, but Maycomb's ignorance and narrow-minded view on African Americans set an innocent man to jail. Atticus told Jem "If you had been on that jury, son, and eleven other boys like you, Tom would be a free man" (Lee 295). The jury members had been affected by the ignorance of society. They convicted Tom because when they grow up they learned racists beliefs and they do not know any other way. In Maycomb, racism is a normal part of everyday life. When kids at Scouts school call Atticus a n***** lover. Atticus explains to Scout what it means, "Scout," said Atticus, "n*****-lover is just one of those terms that don't mean anything—like snot-nose. It's hard to explain—ignorant, trashy people use it when they think somebody's favoring Negroes over and above themselves.¨ (144). The racists views and attitudes determined the guilty verdict of Tom. In Atticus closing argument, he says "She was white, and she tempted a Negro. She did something that in our society is unspeakable: she kissed a black man¨(272). Society has a set of rules which are not written but known, these rules tend to be ignorant and impartial. When it comes to race and the misguided beliefs about race, there is a profusion of ignorance. The expectations on race set by society affect the actions and events of life.
While numerous citizens in Maycomb express how “Atticus[‘s] aim to defend him. [Is] what [we] don’t like about it”(Lee, 218) and that he has “got everything to lose from this... I mean everything.”(Lee, 195) Atticus full heartedly stands behind the fact that if he didn’t defend the Tom Robinson case he “couldn’t hold up [his] head in town... [and] couldn’t represent this county in the legislature.”(Lee, 100) This reveals the moral importance this trial means to Atticus, as he believes that everyone should be treated equally, regardless of their skin colour as “men are not to be trusted around women—black or white... a truth that applies to...no particular race of men.”(Lee, 273) Atticus’s personal definition of courage is revealed to Jem after he is forced to read to Mrs Dubose for an entire month. As defined by Atticus, real courage is “when you know you’re licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what.”(Lee, 149) Similarly, Atticus’s raw motives concerning the Tom Robinson trial run on the evident fact that he knew he was “licked a hundred years before start[ing]”(Lee, 101) Mr Robinson’s trial, but nonetheless defended him to his last breath. Atticus’s definition and actions correspond and show the reader how his values are congruent, no matter the situation. All in all, Atticus’s personal beliefs and values suggest to the reader
Life is like a thrill ride; one never knows what will be in store for them. Many characters in the story To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee feel the same way about life, having experienced many surprising and unexpected turns of events. This story is about a sleepy southern town filled with prejudice, and a lawyer’s quest, along with his children Scout and Jem, to take steps in ridding the town of its prejudiced attitude. Despite being a white man, a lawyer named Atticus, defends an innocent black man accused of raping a white woman. However, everything does not go as was hoped, and the mindset of the society overpowered Atticus’s fair-minded argument. From this emerges a theme regarding the bigotry and bias overwhelming Maycomb: A
Almost every member of the black community in Maycomb County is admirable in their personalities and innocent in their nature, and this generalisation makes the crimes against the black community all the worse. Tom Robinson, a man discriminated and accused of a crime that he didn’t commit has come forth to the justice system. The color of his skin determines everything from his background too if he’s guilty or not. A black man’s life is unable to prove innocence because of his race. Poverty has affected many people back in the 1960’s but, if a black man or women were to experience this they would be put on the white
what a bad father he is and why his family have been given a bad name.
To Kill a Mockingbird echoes themes of racial injustice and a flawed court system. Tom Robinson’s trial relates to the Scottsboro Case in 1939. Both cases, fiction and reality, show how the process within the court system is truly imperfect. The push of Jim Crow Laws during the 1930s gave people a deep seeded hatred towards African Americans. Many were wrongly convicted due to either the color of their skin or their social status. Many reforms went in place in order to create an equal and fair judicial system however the case of wrongful convictions reigns true today, with a majority of men sent on death row either being discriminated based on race or convicted despite lack of evidence. This issue continues to plague the belief that all men are created equal. Many tried to pour their issues onto African Americans as a scapegoat to avoid society’s everlasting judgment. Many court cases throughout history prove that discrimination is an absolute issue in a place where it shouldn’t be. The theme of racial injustice being a determining factor in the court system is exemplified in The Scottsboro Case, To Kill a Mockingbird, and currently on death row.
Harper Lee's ‘To kill a Mockingbird’ explores the prejudicial issues which plague over the town Maycomb. Harper Lee uses the trial of Tom Robinson a black man accused of rape on a young white girl, Mayella as a central theme to portray the prominence of racial discrimination in Maycomb. The racial prejudice is also widely shown through the characterisation of Atticus. Having Scout as the narrator allows Harper Lee to highlight the gender inequity through a youthful unbiased perspective. The chauvinistic attitudes and prejudiced views of most of the town’s folk leaves Maycombs social hierarchy in an unfair order, victimising many of the town’s people due to their socially non-conforming habits some ‘socially unaccepted people’ including Boo
Atticus is the voice of morality and reasoning in Maycomb country. Atticus does not stereo type Tom Robison like the other men in the courtroom. He feels everyone deserves a fair trial without the assumption that “all Negros” act a certain way. He proves this when he emphasizes “some Negros lie, some Negros are immoral, some Negro men are not to be trusted around women-black or white. But this is a truth that applies to the human race and to no particular race of men” (Lee 204). When justice plays in the trial all the people don’t look at the man himself, they look on the surface and how they believe a white man is superior over a black. That is the main reason why Tom is given the verdict of guilty, and
“Which, gentlemen, we know is in itself a lie as black as Tom Robinson’s skin, a lie I do not have to point to you. You know the truth, the truth is this: Some negroes lie, some negroes are immoral, some negro men cannot be trusted with women black or white. But the truth applies to the human race.”(273) In this statement, Atticus is trying to help the people of the court understands that every race is going to have people who have flaws, and people who don’t, people who tell lies to cover up the truth, and people who confess the truth. They shouldn’t convict a person of a crime they didn’t commit because of their ethnicity/race. “They’re certainly entitled to think that, and they’re entitled to full respect for their opinion,” said Atticus, but before I can live with other folks I’ve got to live with myself. ” While Bob Ewell testifies during the trial, he points to Tom Robinson and says, “I seen that black nigger yonder ruttin’ on my Mayella.” (173) From Bob Ewell’s point of view, Tom Robinson is a beastly animal who tormented and violated his own flesh and blood. All through the trial, Tom Robinson is represented in such a horrific way because of the racism. Racism is something that hypnotizes the people in Maycomb. Even though there is a ton of evidence that shows he did not commit the crime, Tom is a black man who was treated unjustly. Atticus supports this idea when he revealed to Jem, “In our courts when it’s a white man’s word against a black man’s, the white man always wins.” (220) Mostly, speaking that during this era many people were prejudiced/discriminatory against colored people. He is an outsider, as well as all the other black Americans in the country. Throughout the trial, Scout and Jem start to see that Tom Robinson has