The Prisoner's Dilemma

Climate change is the most serious issue humankind is facing in the 21th century. Future generations depend on our ability to make the necessary social changes, before reaching the tipping point of irreversibility, which will lead the planet into a catastrophe incompatible with life.

In Michael Pollan's article “Why Bother?” he discusses how climate change is a serious threat to humanity and needs to be addressed immediately. Pollan begins to discuss possible solutions but also realizes that these “solutions” may not be easily achieved. There is no way to eliminate people who make a conscious effort to help the advancement of climate change, but it is still important for others to attempt to make changes to help save the environment.

That is a really deep question. For this paper, I wanted to understand the climate change issue better. I wanted to understand how humans acknowledge (or even deny) climate change, still yet do nothing to remedy the problem. Most people are guilty of this. I, myself am guilty of this. As Nordhaus and Shellenberger state in their article, the problem seems to be a thing that will only be a priority once it is in our faces. Rust says that these films create an awareness that is somewhat being lost in this postmodern globalization. The Day After Tomorrow, Soylent Green, and The Mist all send a message that could get us thinking about cutting back to prevent climate change. But as my topic has illustrated, it seems a bit farfetched that change would actually

Have you heard what is happening to the environment? Like how Greenland loses is 286 Gigatonnes of ice per year! And as of January 22, 2017, it has lost 3778.7 Gigatonnes since 2002! Why you ask? It’s due to Climate change. Climate change is a serious problem in our world, It can either end it or make it prosper that is why I chose to research it. Climate change won’t just effect on a country or continent, it will affect the whole world, and we are a part of that world. So, I decided to research it to see what we as humanity can do about climate change. To help I asked myself more questions such as “What will happen if we don’t intervene?”, “What is the source of the problem?”, “What are our choices as humanity?” After my research, I believe that there is a way to stop climate change and to do that we as humanity need to work together.

As shown in the diagram, when the game is repeated twice, each prisoner has 16 possible

Climate change has become a major issue in global environmental politics as it has been shown to have a correlation with issues such as deforestation, biodiversity loss, and desertification. As Chapter 45 states “The 2007 report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) found consensus in the scientific community that greenhouse gas emissions have significantly increased because of human activity and, further, that the modest temperature increases we have already experienced are “very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations.” Due to this report awareness was brought to almost everyone of how serious human activity was to the global climate. In 2009, it was declared that “If global warming is to be limited to a maximum of two degrees C. above preindustrial values, global emissions need to peak between 2015 and 2020 and then decline rapidly”. To me this sounds foreboding and it is something that deserves our full attention immediately. To try and get a better understanding of how serious climate change is, I’m going to try and interpret chapter 45 which deals on climate change through 5 different paradigms of International Relations.

WonderingMind42 begins with the premise that we can lessen the problem to one of the four possible outcomes outlined in the grid. The rows represent the theory that the worst outcomes of Global Warming is on its way or is not. The columns represent our choice to do something or do nothing. He examines the situations of ending up in each one of the four quadrants. According to WonderingMind42, because we cannot be completely sure about the science, we need to find a different way to choose our course of action.

Analysis of “The Environmental Issue from Hell” “The Environmental Issue from Hell” by Bill McKibben discusses the moral implications of climate change and why climate change needs to be viewed as a serious political issue. McKibben makes use of persuasion to convince the reader that global warming should be recognized as an issue and dealt with. He argues his position by illustrating the immoral effects of global warming and their causes.

Michael Pollan author of “Why Bother?” (an article from The New York Times) was very clear on delivering his message on climate change. Throughout his article he uses many different sources and reasons to explain, not only what is happening, but things we should be doing to create solutions to the problems we created. Micheal directs us to think about his thoughts about how climate change is a real problem, and demonstrates with examples from other authors, consequences that we could very soon be facing, and what we can do to evade these problems that are coming our way. With the few solutions we are presented with it is unrealistic to try to solve the climate change problem we have arrived to.

Climate change is worsening for as time goes on. As the author, Stephen M. Gardiner, of Chapter 64 argues, climate change is an ethical issue because it is immoral for humans to create pollution and harm the environment, creating more problems for the planet. Climate change does not only affect current living beings, but affects all living things and human beings to come. The more harm we cause, the worse it will be to fix in years to come. “Climate change is not caused by a single agent but, by a vast number of individuals and institutions) including economic, political and social institutions.)”

The behaviour of athletes when it comes to doping can be explained through the use of game theory. In this case it is possible to adapt the prisoner dilemma to explain the behaviour of the athletes. It is no surprise that athletes are becoming more willing to cheat to win, as prizes for events such as the ‘Tour De France’ have a €450,000 prize for the winner, plus the large sponsorship deals that come with the success. This increased incentive to win increases the incentive to cheat, and we can assume that the athletes goal is to maximise his payoff.

This paper further examines The Prisoner’s Dilemma. The Prisoner’s Dilemma is a situation where two prisoners are placed into isolation cells and they can choose to either stay silent or confess. This game of probability that has taken many forms, but the concept is always the same. There are two people who have been arrested and can choose to either remain silent or confess. I first become interested in the prisoner’s dilemma while reading The Mysterious Benedict Society by Trenton Lee Stewart. The prisoner’s dilemma is only briefly touched upon in this novel, but I was intrigued enough to want to peruse a further analysis. In this paper the prisoner’s dilemma will be further analyzed using probability prediction methods.

The climate crisis that our planet faces has become an ever-increasing and extremely controversial issue. In the book “An Inconvenient Truth,” Al Gore goes beyond the political and economic implications of this crisis and states that global warming is a moral issue that humans need to address. For years, scientists have been examining the reasons for the changing climate and have come to the conclusion that global warming is real and it is serious threat to the world. Eventually, this threat will lead to major catastrophes that will cause epic destruction of our planet. Gore’s main purpose in this book is to expose the lies and misconceptions regarding global warming and to inspire the public to take action. Global

It is a moral imperative that change is occurring in the global climate system and the impact will be largely felt. However, certain states are unaware of the threat posed to the international and domestic economies, while others are reluctant to cooperate. Extreme weather, global warming, human health and war are among the few threats it poses on the environment.

In class Policy Making and Public Administration we played the Prisoners Dilemma, game on Novermber 8th with professor, Dr.Jorgensen . The point of this game was that, each group had to decide a color, either blue or red. Depending on the color we choose we would either add or loose points. The team who ended with the most points will win. He separate the class in two groups, Team 1 and Team 2, I was in Team 2. As a group we had to choose a representative speaker. Our representative speaker was Daniel Schawarts. He was in charge of speaking up and saying to Dr.Jorgensen what color we chose as a group. After Dr. Jorgensen split up the team, my group step out and discuss what we wanted to choose. At first we decided that we wanted to choose all blue, however someone from the group spoke up and said, maybe we should decide to put in two reds. As a team we came up with the plan to use the color red in our thirds and sixth simulation and call the rest color blue. Since Dr. Jorgensen brought some prices to give to the team who won, I realize that it made everyone more competitive to win. Therefore, at the end of the game Team 1 won. Their strategy was to choose only reds. On the other hand the reason why we choose blue was because we were hoping for the other team to choose blue, so we can gain points. As a result after playing this game we realize the Evolution of Trust plays a big role during the game.