The publication of Sewall’s, The Selling of Joseph, coincided with his attempt to assist a slave by the name of Adam in obtaining his freedom from his owner John Saffin. The three would become involved in a significant legal conflict that lasted for several years. A successful slave dealer and slave trader, Saffin had every reason to oppose Sewall’s position on slavery. Given his choice of professions, when Sewall condemned slavery, Saffin had little choice but to respond. In response to Sewall’s publication, Saffin published A Brief Candid Answer to a Late Printed Sheet Entitled, The Selling of Joseph. In the pamphlet, Saffin laid out his disagreements with Sewall’s efforts to deny that the Bible sanctioned slavery. He stated that, …show more content…
For example, he drew attention to Leviticus 25:44 which states, “As for the male and female slaves whom you may have, it is from the nations around you that you may acquire male and female slaves.” Sewall’s efforts to denounce slavery had no immediate effect, but the debate established many of the central issues that would be at the heart of the antebellum slavery debate. For example, the Hebrew and non-Hebrew slave distinction found in Mosaic Law. Ultimately, as scholar Francis Foster states, the debate between Sewall and Saffin served as the model for the future biblical defense of slavery, “in the era of Calhoun, in which scriptural snippets were manipulated to fortify a theology of white superiority and black bondage.” Throughout the first half of the eighteenth century, the biblical slavery debate continued to be dominated by the Quakers. In response to those Quakers who remained ardent defenders of slavery and the slave trade, New Jersey tailor John Hepburn and Nantucket carpenter Elihu Coleman set to the task of dismantling pro-slavery arguments using scripture. Many of Hepburn’s arguments put forth in 1715 were drawn from a pamphlet entitled Arguments against Making Slaves of Men. Within the pamphlet, Hepburn made numerous appeals to scripture in order to denounce making slaves of Africans. For example, in keeping with prior biblical arguments against slavery, Hepburn made reference to the prohibition against man-stealing stating, “Man-stealing (deserves
Therefore, he appears quite compelling when he attempts to bring out the connection between religion and slavery. Looking at what Douglass went through as a slave, it is unfortunate that his act of reading the Bible was considered a violation of the law. At one point, Douglass narrated that his master’s wife offered Douglass with help to read and write. However, due to “advice” given by her husband and the connection between the Bible and slavery, Douglass’s master’s wife turned against him and was now cruel and bitter towards him.
“Not only did slaves believe that they would be chosen by the Lord, there is evidence that many of them felt their owners would be denied salvation” (34). Levine claimed that the slaves uses their beliefs and religion as a “means of escape and opposition” because it gave them a “serious alternative to the societal system created by southern slaveholders” (54.)
The Bible’s verses concerning slavery contradict other verses in several places when discussing slavery and the treatment of slaves. Ephesians 6:5-9 instructs masters to “give unto your servants that which is just and equal; knowing that ye also have a Master in heaven.” Galatians 3:28 states that “[T]here is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus.” Again, the Bible illustrates that slaves were equal to all others, stating “For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, … whether we be bond of free; and have been all made to drink into one Spirit.” Abolitionists undoubtedly used these quotes in order to put an end to slavery.
Since before the time of Jesus Christ, religious hypocrisy has run rampant throughout those who held power. Countless lives have been affected by others twisting religious interpretation in order to fit their own needs. Slaveholders used religion and scripture to their advantage when disciplining slaves, sometimes even if they did no wrong. Religious hypocrisy is especially relevant in the life of Frederick Douglass. Frederick Douglass’s life story depicts how religious hypocrisy committed by both slaves and slaveholders diminished the rights of slaves, while at the same time allowing injustice to endure.
Many people believe that Christians played a great role in abolishing slavery. However, Douglass’ ideas about religion and its connection to slavery shine a light on the dark side of Christianity. Douglass’ account of his own life is a very eloquent first hand retelling of the suffering and cruelty that many slaves were going through. His account gives a detail of the ills that were committed against the slaves. The atrocities committed by the various different masters varied in intensity depending on the masters’ individual personality (Glancy 42). This first hand narrative gives us a glimpse in to the connection between religion (Christianity) and slavery.
The first major reason of the civil war stems from Lincoln’s “House Divided” speech. Lincoln gives warning to the growing rift between the North and the South, the Anti-Slavery and the Pro-Slavery groups, as evidence in ‘I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free.’ Although the antagonism and eagerness of protecting the Union is not shown as prominently as future speeches, we can find a hint of caution in his tone. He goes on to support his claims through the hodgepodge of legislation that is the ‘Nebraska Doctrine’ and the legal crisis of the Dred Scott court case. He politely refers to this as ‘squabble’ and speak of the controversy and moral implication that they have caused. For his part, it is easy to see the insinuation of the speech- he believed slavery was immoral and was wholly incompatible with the principles of the Declaration of Independence embodied in the phrase
Growing up with Quaker beliefs Anthony and her family were against the ownership of slaves, they believed that and worked to end slavery and help them to be free, this was called the abolitionist movement. This
Since the beginning of slavery, leaders called on their faith to justify the immoral actions of the slave trade. These strong preachers for their communities’ strategically defined the meanings of scriptures to sway members into the ideals of North vs. South. Richard Furman and John G. Fee are historical activists using scripture to inform the community of their views. Both figures, arguments juxtaposed reveal the stark differences in their interpretations of the connection between human nature and scripture.
Slavery has been a continuous altercation in abolishing it or keeping it. William Lloyed Garrison preached about abolition of slavery stating that slavery does not define Christians. Slaves have the right to have the same exact rights and freedom as a normal white American. As slavery was still going on, William questions what Christianity has done for our slave population. In a religious point of view, slavery is a national sin that must be removed. William compares how slavery would be for a white person versus an African American and states, “The argument that these white slaves are degraded would not then obtain. You would say: It is enough that they are white and in bondage, and they ought immediately to be set free.” (William Garrison) William sets a growing sense of social responsibilities by trying to get America to look at slavery in the eyes of a Christian. The American society today has drastically changed into everyone
Purpose: Douglass is pointing out the utter hypocrisy of these Southern “Christians” that own slaves.
In discussing the various differences between Biblical slavery and Southern slavery, Grimke points out about treatment of slave families in comparison to non-slave families, asking, “But do the fathers of the South ever sell their daughters?” (Grimke, 1836, p5). This somewhat rhetorical question induces an instinctive condemnation of Southern authority figures in the readers. She actually uses this question to build up to a more pointed question for the readers, personally, asking , “…but then you may try this question in another form—Am I willing to reduce my little child to slavery?” (Grimke, 1836, p13). These questions involving family members as examples act yield intuitive answers that work quickly to dismantle pro-slavery arguments in the minds of
Defending slavery demonstrate the opinions and knowledge that the Southerners held concerning blacks and slavery. Paul Finkelman talks about slave legitimacy in colonial America. He argues that the first defense of slavery became visible after the end of American Revolution; it attempted to justify continuous forced labor with the Declaration of Independence. This essay aims at critically analyzing ideologies and racial theories that Southerners promoted to defend slavery, which included racial, political, legal, economic, and religious ideologies. Most specifically, this essay will discuss the legitimacy of slavery, in the earlier days, and justify this idea by using the religion and
Southern slaveowners claimed that they were upholding their Christian duty by engaging in slavery, rescuing slaves from a life of struggle and
Fredrick Douglass and Henry Melville both critique Christianity as it was practiced in 19th-century America. Douglass illuminates the aspect of Christianity in relation to the way Christians also uphold the institution of slavery. He views it has ironic that those who claim the Christian faith also believe that there is nothing wrong in the practice of slavery. Douglass questions how one can be a true Christian and still not see that slavery in morally and religiously wrong. He ultimately critiques the way people practice the faith and still uphold slavery. Douglass goes as far to say that the slave master’s even become crueler when they find religion, because then they feel as if they can do no wrong. As Douglass states in relation to slavery and religion, “Here we have religion and robbery the allies of each other – devils dressed in angels’ robes, and hell presenting the semblance of paradise.”
Southerners slave owners who argued that slavery was good for slaves longed used the bible and whips to support their theory and philosophy that slavery civilized slaves. Peter Tanner used the bible to explicate to his slave the importance of being obedience. Peter Tanner had a habit of reading to his slave each Sabbath. During Solomon Northup brief