CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
In my investigation, I have chosen to explore the reaction kinetics of this reaction between potassium peroxodisulfate solution and potassium iodide solution.
K2S2O8 (aq) + 2KI(aq) 2K2SO4 (aq) + I2 (aq)
Peroxodisulfate (VI) ions and iodide ions react together in solution to form sulfate(VI) ions and iodine.
S2O82- (aq) + 2I- (aq) 2SO42- (aq) + 2I2 (aq)
To measure the rate of this reaction, I will be using experimental methods involving clock reactions, titrations and colorimetry. In this document I will explain concepts of reaction rate and show through my results the effects of major factors in the reaction rates including the concentration, temperature and the presence of catalyst
CHAPTER 2: AIMS
1. To determine the order of reaction at room temperature with respect to iodide ions and peroxodisulfate ions, and so determine the rate equation, rate constant and possible mechanism. I will use and compare different experimental methods to achieve this aim, including:
a. The clock method
b. Titrimetric analysis
c. Colorimetry
2. To use one of the above techniques to establish the rate constant, k, at different temperatures in order to calculate a value for the activation enthalpy of the reaction.
3. To explore and compare the effects of different d block ion catalysts on the rate of reaction.
CHAPTER 3: THE COLLISION THEORY
The collision theory states that reactions occur when the particles of reactants collide, provided they collide
Title: The Effect Temperature of Sodium Thiosulfate Has On The Rate of Reaction with Hydrochloric Acid
There are three stages of the overall reaction. Reaction 1 is the rate determining reaction whereby iodide ions from Potassium Iodide (KI) are oxidised by Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂) in an acidic solution. This reaction utilises the Hydrogen ion from Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) to form triiodide ions and water as products (B Z. Shackhashiri, 1992).
This investigation will be carried out to investigate the rate of reaction of the enzyme catalase on the substrate hydrogen peroxide.
The iodination of O-acetylsalicylamide under the same conditions of this experiment would be slower than Salicylamide, because O-acetylsalicylamide has an amine group, a carboxyl group, and no hydroxyl group, which means that the sodium hypochlorite solution would not be able to deprotonate the Hydroxyl group, thus not allowing a solid precipitate to form, and Hydrochloric acid would not be able to add any Hydrogen atoms due to the Octet rule. The only way that Hydrogen could be added is by breaking double bonds and stabilization (Resonance). And steric hindrance would be another key facet slowing the addition of an Iodine ion to the
The rate of a chemical reaction often depends on reactant concentrations, temperature, and if there’s presence of a catalyst. The rate of reaction for this experiment can be determined by analyzing the amount of iodine (I2) formed. Two chemical reactions are useful to determining
In this Crystal Violet Kinetics Lab, many procedures were performed order to experimentally determine the rate constant(k), for the rate of the reaction of the crystal violet solution and sodium hydroxide. To start, a Beers Law calibration experiment was conduction. Also, two kinetic experiments were ran using both 5ml and 10ml of sedum hydroxide in order to determine the reaction order(k^1), of the sodium hydroxide.
Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to use kinetics to study a solvolyis reaction
In part I, the ΔH of each individual reaction was obtained by performing each reaction inside a calorimeter. Temperature probes were inserted in the calorimeter and ΔT was measured. By using the equation q = Msol’n x Cp x ΔT + Ccal x ΔT, the heat absorbed by the surroundings, q, was obtained for each reaction. The negatives of these values, or heat released by the
This experiment will measure the rate of oxidation of iodide ions by persulphate ions to derive the rate law for the reaction. Starch will be added to the reaction to facilitate the measure of time during the reaction. The reactant solutions will contain (NH4)2SO4 and KI, represented as:
The independent variable for this experiment is the temperature of the water bath, as this is what factor is changing throughout the practical. The temperatures will be ranging from 10°C to 50°C in ten degree increments. This will allow for the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction to be
Chemical kinetics involving reaction rates and mechanisms is an essential part of our daily life in the modern world. It helps us understand whether particular reactions are favorable and how to save time or prolong time during each reaction. Experiment demonstrated the how concentration, temperature and presence of a catalyst can change the rate of a reaction. 5 runs of dilution and reaction were made to show the effect of concentration on chemical reactions. A certain run from the previous task was twice duplicated to for a “hot and cold” test for reaction rate. The prior run was again duplicated for a test with
4) Try and propose a mechanism for the reaction using the orders of reaction taking into account the iodine, propanone and sulphuric acid.
A saturated solution of K2S2O8 in water was prepared and the following reactions were carried out. The results were compared with similar reactions using hydrogen peroxide.
Two catalyst reactants are used in the experiment, thiosulfate and starch, to dictate the time of reactions.
The key aim of this experiment was to determine the rate equation for the acid-catalysed iodination of acetone and to hence consider the insinuations of the mechanism of the rate equation obtained.