The Recovery Orientation / Paradigm Model Of Treatment

What are the implications of a recovery model for mental health services and for service users/survivors?

Recovery from drugs, alcohol, and tobacco is something not a whole bunch of people can do. Either they don’t have the support or willpower to do it. Then there’s some people that just don’t want the help even if they have the support. Recovery is something that could really help and benefit a person. It seems to me like recovery is a way of giving someone a second chance at getting their life together. They went through rough times and that’s why they turned to all those bad things. Then they recover and it’s like they are in a brand new world. The whole recovery process needs support from the person friends, family , and anyone else that the person needs to help support them. When they get the support they have the willpower to recovery from

Addiction has a way of pulling your attention away from your basic needs and making it harder for you to succeed in life. It's a sad truth that I've seen happen to so many people over the years. These are good people, with good brains and real potential, but addiction takes over and they can only focus on that aspect of their life.

Celebrate Recovery is a self-help recovery program that contains a heavy emphasis on Christ and seeking healing through Him. There is a strong religious focus so individuals feel like they have help that is unconditional and they are surrounded by a body of individuals who are struggling with similar situations as well. Although these individuals cannot provide the answers or healing for one another, they are the support, a body, a family, and create a safe environment for fellow participants. Moreover, with this focus on Christs healing powers in their lives, the program emphasizes the eight recovery principles in the Beatitudes as well as the twelve-steps (similar to those used in Alcoholics Anonymous). I, therefore, attended a Celebrate Recovery meeting at the fellowship church in Rogers, AR on October seventh, two thousand sixteen.

Once someone enters treatment, there are a number of addiction recovery options that they may be given. Since every addiction is different, patients are given the unique blend of treatment options that work best for their circumstance. Most patients will need to start by going into a detox program. Afterward, rehab may include options like counseling, peer support and relapse prevention.

Not every addict should be treated the same. The regimen should address all of the aspects of an individual's life, including medical and mental health and follow up options. Behavioral Treatments help patients modify their attitudes and behaviors and increase healthy lifestyle skills and options. They can enhance the effectiveness of medication and help addicts stay committed to the treatment process. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a behavioral treatment with the goal of helping the user recognize, avoid, and cope with anything and everything involving their drug use and recovery (Davison, 2007). Therapeutic communities can also be extremely effective, especially for those who are severely addicted. They are highly structured programs that often involve residency for up to 12 months. It is important to recognize that no single treatment is appropriate for all individuals addicted to drugs (National, 2005).

There are types of approaches to help an individual with recovering from drug and substance abuse. The approaches that are being looked at to help someone recover is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET), Medication Management, Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA), and Community Reinforcement and Family Training Approach (CRAFT).

First, the recovery model prioritizes individual life goals, which are developed by the person seeking treatment, not the provider. On the other hand, the medical model is focused narrowly on treatment goals which are developed by the provider or treatment team. The recovery model encourages high goal-setting. They facilitate hope through providing resources and education, and help to develop steps to achieve personal goals, whereas the medical model has low expectations of the client and does not facilitate positive outcomes that will increase one’s quality of life. While the recovery model is holistic and sensitive to the issues that encompass stigma, the medical model is reductionistic and identifies individuals by their illness. The recovery model is strengths based, which is focused on improving self-efficacy, whereas the medical model is focused on symptom management; the overall goal is to reduce symptoms and stabilize the client. The recovery model recognizes that relapse does exist, whereas the client would be considered non-compliant if treated under the medical model. The medical model is focused on systematic processes, undervalues the therapeutic relationship, and is less focused on the individual. With the recovery model, providers understand the importance of a strong therapeutic relationship and encourage clients’ self-direction and right to make decisions regarding treatment. Recovery based therapy values the impact that hope and empowerment can have on individual treatment. The provider maintains a facilitator role with the client, which helps to encourage and foster positive change. With the medical model, providers control all aspects of treatment and client involvement is not as stable as it may be in recovery based treatment. (National Association for Social Workers West Virginia,

The recovery model is a tool that is used to help a client live their lives through the best of their abilities. By working with a therapist using the recovery model, goals are made by both the client and the therapist based upon what the client would like to achieve. This allows for clients to take control of their own lives and allows for the client to know that they have different options that they can choose. Clients are better able to come up with goals and the outcome that they desire to see in their everyday life by giving the client a sense of hope, support, and purpose.

Solution-Focused Therapy (SFT) was drawn out from the work of Milton Erickson. Most people identify SFT with the variation work from Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg. Solution-focused therapy is a therapy that is action oriented and focuses on finding solutions. In SFT, the client is considered the expert (they know exactly what the problem is), and the client has the resources to find a solution. SFT does not focus on diagnoses or assessments but focuses on what the client brings to therapy. Depending on the client and the problem, SFT has a 50% successful rate. SFT has many techniques to use to assist in finding solutions for problems. These techniques range from questioning the client to having the client complete homework assignments.

Generally speaking, each theory or model uses a variety of techniques used to help the client battle addiction. From a sociological standpoint understanding the client’s cultural values is the best way to understand addiction (Lamberson, 2017, p. 171). Firstly, the counselor will attempt to teach social norms and preventive measures (Lamberson, 2017, p. 171). The counselor should remember to check their own personal values and value the adaptive qualities within the client (Lamberson, 2017, p. 171). Likewise, the transtheoretical model relies on the client’s values and beliefs to determine what stage of change (Gutierrez & Czerny, 2017, p. 208). The counselor and client attempt to create a plan based on the client ability to change (Gutierrez

The mental health program that I will develop would incorporate a recovery focused model. To begin with the environmental setting, the agency would have a clean facility that was appropriate for participants to feel safe. Moreover, there would be different artistic paintings that were diverse and culturally competent. The room would be colorful and friendly where participants would feel inspired to have positive feelings before their session. Collins (2008) describes optimism and hope as strong influences that help participants with less stress and better coping skills. Also, the facility would have music and magazines to keep participant’s focused in order to prepare for their session. For the children, there would be appropriate toys

Similarly, there are also many people who believe that prison is an institution that aids in the betterment, improvement, and recuperation of these criminal offenders. The second dogma would be the rehabilitative model. This states that the law considers that these prisoners are socially (and collectively) ill, in which society has an ethical responsibility to aid in the correction and recuperation of these individuals. The main principle of this dogma is to correct, recuperate, and alter negative behavior to ultimately re-integrate these convicts back into society, providing that they will not be alienated as individuals in society as well.

In "The Contributions of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging to Understanding Mechanisms of Behavior Change in Addiction," Morgenstern, Naqvi, Debellis & Breiter (2013) examine the mechanisms of behavioral change and effective treatment interventions to improve addiction recovery outcomes. Unnecessarily creating an acronym out of the phrase mechanisms of behavioral change, the authors claim a recent "upsurge of interest" in understanding how behavioral change takes place from a cognitive-behavioral perspective. In particular, psychosocial treatments have been used to address addiction problems. The authors build the research on the assumption that there are limitations in the prevailing models of addiction, which are preventing behavioral interventions from being effective. The authors hypothesize that cognitive neuroscience can fill in gaps in the literature on addiction treatment and intervention efficacy. Cognitive neuroscience models of addiction may offer "alternative conceptual and methodological approaches" to studying the "psychological processes" that characterize addiction (p. 1). This is not an experimental design, but merely an exploratory paper that critiques current addiction models and the psycho-social treatment interventions used to treat addiction. The authors review literature and neuroimaging reports to suggest future research on addiction processes and potential interventions.

Psychosocial rehabilitation has its theoretical roots in evolving a failed effort, by the mental health system, to help mentally ill patients in coping with the psychosocial devastation brought on by severe mental illness and behavioural problems (Correctional Services Canada, 2013). The traditional methods of treatment viewed recovery as a process of curing an illness, usually with medication, but recovery does not subsequently occur once their illness is “treated” (CSC, 2013). This traditional method was ineffective because their recovery was halted by limited support and skills and ‘abnormal’ behaviours learned in institutions (CSC, 2013). These deficits resulted in chronic impairments and maladaptive social functioning (CSC, 2013). These individuals were unable to fulfill normal social roles and successfully live independently in the community (CSC, 2013). The PSR approach to recovery incorporates more than just eliminating the signs and symptoms of the illness, is based on understanding the patients voice and experiences and encouraging participation and self-determination in treatment (CSC, 2013). This approach recognises the care values such as hope, empowerment, and determination are essential to recovery (CSC, 2013). The importance of skill development and community support are also highlighted (CSC, 2013).