The side effects of drugs have urged patients as well as researchers to seek safer alternatives. It is estimated that more than 30% of patients in the US are using or have used herbal remedies at some point. Chronic pain patients are no exception to this since the long term use of opioid analgesics for chronic pain has caused increased cases of opiate tolerance and addiction. Therefore, it is just a matter of time before patients need a larger dose of analgesics to maintain the same level of pain reduction. Some of the 40 million American patients with chronic pain resorted to kratom, a medicinal herb, available through internet vendors or smoke shops. Kratom is used for self-management of pain and to avert the opioid withdrawal …show more content…
It was found that kratom is made up of more than 20 alkaloids. The exact composition depends on the geography where the plant was grown. The most important alkaloids that cause the opioid-like analgesic activity are mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine since they bind with the opioid receptors.. Mitragynine is the most abundant alkaloid in kratom. 7-hydroxymitragynine is a minor component that is more potent and can penetrate blood brain barrier more than mitragynine. It is believed that 7-hydroxymitragynine is 13-fold more potent than morphine. Mitragynine was first isolated 87 years ago and scientists are still not able to totally synthesize it in the laboratory. All the mitragynine used by individuals or researchers is extracted from the leaves of the Mitragyna speciosa plant.
The striking increased prevalence of kratom use in the west is indicated by the number of forums and groups dedicated to kratom such as (The Kratom Forum, Kratom Online, Kratom Science) which include tips about using kratom, suggested suppliers and personal stories of using kratom. Most cases of kratom use are not reported since kratom has minimal acute toxicity. However, one reported case of an individual who used kratom to avert withdrawal symptoms of daily 10mg subcutaneous hydromorphone. The patient described pain relief and improved alertness compared to opiates. Upon sudden cessation of kratom, he
War propaganda is a tactic often used throughout history in order to increase nationalism and involve citizens in war efforts. World War Two was no different when it came to the use of this propaganda. The United States specifically used all sorts of propaganda against the Axis powers. In particular, the United States targeted Japan with loads of racially charged wartime propaganda, and Japan did the same thing back at the United States. Two countries with vastly different customs and looks were quickly able to make propaganda that made the other side look like awful people to their own citizens. John Dower outlines this sort of propaganda in his novel War Without Mercy. In this novel, Dower goes over how propaganda is made effectively and
Pain is a common symptom that is associated with numerous medical issues, including musculoskeletal problems that physical therapist see on a day to day basis. There are several different ways to treat pain and one of them is to provide a means of releasing opioids in the body to alter the pain experience. In fact, there are three different types of opioids: naturally occurring (endogenous or exogenous substances such as natural endorphins or poppy), semisynthetic (exogenous substances that contain both natural and synthetic agents), and synthetic agents (man-made substances used to mimic the effect of natural substances) used to decrease the symptom of pain.1
The novel To Kill a Mockingbird is a story that takes place during prejudice times. A little girl named Scout Finch and her brother Jem Finch live with their father, Atticus, in the town of Maycomb. They lost their mother when they were younger, so they have a black house maid named Calpurnia who watches out for them constantly. One summer, Scout and Jem meet a neighborhood kid named Dill. The three become fascinated with the stories of a man who lives in the neighborhood named Boo Radley. Although they are told not to go near the house, they do otherwise .After having a summer of fun; it is time for school to start back. Dill returns home, and Scout and Jem begin school.
It also offers a solution to the ongoing and increasingly common pharmaceutical opiate addiction problem, and addresses concerns about the social safety of the plant. Though readers with a higher education and/or degree in associated fields may understand more vocabulary and references, anyone who reads the article will acquire a basic understanding of its’ contents.
Considerable cautions have been obtained throughout the United States to decrease the misuse of prescription opioids and helps to minimize opioid overdoses and related complications. Even though the pain medications have a significant part in the treatment of acute and chronic pain situations, it sometimes happen that the high dose prescription or the prescribed medications, without having enough monitoring, can create bad outcomes. It is always a dilemma for the providers to find who is really in need of pain medications and to identify those who are questionably misusing opioids.
What symptoms might Stan express given that he is Bi-polar and what are the benefits/side effects of his current medication?
Opioids are prescription drugs that deal with reducing pain when taken. There are various types of prescription drugs that can classify as opioids such as morphine, codeine, hydrocodone, or Demerol, to name a few. The drugs originally are synthesized and derived from the opium poppy, Physicians will prescribe this medication as a painkiller, but many others turned to purer doses of these medications and started turning to more potent drugs like heroin or Percocet. The one thing that these brand name drugs have in common is that they contain opium, an extremely addictive narcotic drug. In many cases, many patients receiving pain killing medication from doctors become dependent on the drug, leading them to use it recreationally instead
Chronic pain is a tremendous public health problem, and a costly one. As health care advances and the need for palliative care rises, patients and health care providers are constantly investigating alternative methods of pain treatment and management. Questioning and challenging traditional health policies and practices has created an interest in the use of cannabis as an alternative option to standard opioids, for the management of chronic pain. Cannabis, or marijuana, is a leafy green plant consisting of buds and leaves of the cannabis sativa forma indica plants. Marijuana has been used in holistic solutions for hundreds of years; it has also been especially prevalent among terminally ill cancer patients, who have been reported using it to alleviate symptoms like chronic pain, nausea and depression.
The availability of prescription painkillers has increased substantially, painkillers are drugs that deal with the nervous system, it blocks pain and the patient will feel a “high”. The most common prescribed drugs
Chronic pain is a tremendous public health problem, and a costly one. As health care advances and the need for palliative care rises, patients and health care providers are constantly investigating alternative methods of pain treatment and management. Questioning and challenging traditional health policies and practices has created a curiosity in the use of cannabis as an alternative option to standard opioids, for the management of chronic pain. Cannabis, is a leafy green plant consisting of buds and leaves of the cannabis sativa forma indica plants. Marijuana has been used in holistic solutions for hundreds of years; it has also been especially prevalent among terminally ill patients, who have been reported using it to alleviate symptoms like chronic pain, nausea and depression.
Chronic pain is intense suffering/agony that can persist between weeks to years. Currently, there are an estimated more than 3 million cases of chronic pain in the United States each year. That is where the Marijuana comes into play. An article on the JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association states the following for Marijuana being used for chronic pain as well as other medical problems,”Aside from nausea and appetite stimulation, indications for which there are 2 FDA-approved cannabinoids (dronabinol and nabilone), chronic pain, neuropathic pain, and spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis are the indications for medical marijuana supported by high-quality evidence”(Hill). As usual, I wouldn’t be doing my job if I didn’t state the drawbacks to using Marijuana to treat chronic pain. The same article states,”Medical marijuana and cannabinoids have significant potential health risks, such as addiction and worsening of psychiatric illnesses such as some anxiety disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and substance use disorders”(Hill). Currently, there are no ways to combatant these side
There are so many diseases that can and can’t be curable. However, there are medications that can help ease the pain from different conditions. There is one medication that can be prescribed for pain is medical marijuana. Even though it’s illegal in some states, but marijuana has become the most profitable and healing vital substance. Medical marijuana, also refer to as medical cannabis, is a good herbal therapy according to health practitioners("Medical marijuana for pain and depression"). Medical marijuana has been around for centuries. Physicians back then used medical marijuana for illnesses and disorders("Medical marijuana for pain and depression"). This is used mostly for the GI System disorders (gastrointestinal
"Various forms of medicinal cannabis have provided mostly positive responses for patients with different types of pain: Neuropathic, chronic, postoperative, and that related to fibromyalgia, rhematoid arthritis, mutiple sclerosis and cancer" (Borgelt, Franson, & Nussbaum, 2013). In a study outlined in the article The Pharmacologic and Clinical Effects of Medical Cannabis, which evaluated smoked cannabis compared to placebo, significant improvements in pain were observed. The study included 56 patients and used cigarettes wtih varying THC contents. In general, a higher THC content (up to 9.4%) appears to be more effective for pain relief (Borgelt, Franson, & Nussbaum, 2013).
The world is a colorful place and yet the education system seems to be color blind. By viewing our classrooms as a cookie cutter factory, the needs of many are not being met. Unfortunately, a student’s race and cultural differences are drastically affecting their achievement inside the classroom; thus, the effects are seen by how the students relate to the course material. In addition, a student’s background and physical appearance can influence the instructor's perception of the student and thus, pre-judge their learning capability. Willis Hawley and Sonia Nieto write “Another Inconvenient Truth: Race and Ethnicity” to present that schools must change their school culture from having a color-blind attitude into a color-celebration mindset if they are going to begin to bridge the minority achievement gap (2010). The education system should let each child’s differences be explored, nurtured, and honored.
Kratom, whose scientific name is Mitragyna speciosa, is a medicinal plant that has been used for thousands of years in Southeast Asia. The plant only gained prominence in the Western world in the last few decades. According to an excerpt on Kratomlegend, a leaf of this plant can contain up to 40 naturally occurring alkaloids, the potent ingredient that interacts with the nervous system of the human body to produce wide ranging health effects. The leaves of the plant are usually dark green while the flowers are typically yellow in color. The plant grows very fast since it absorbs sunlight and CO2 at a much higher rate compared to most plants. A mature Kratom tree can grow up to 15 feet or more. Its treatment potential is wide and far reaching and includes: