The Utopian society of Atlantis in Atlas Shrugged
“Who is John Galt?”(Rand 11)
John Galt was a worker at a factory called Twentieth Century Motor Company which implemented a policy that ultimately led the company into its own destruction. The Twentieth Century Motor Company operated on the radical plan of paying its workers based on their proclaimed needs, and those who worked the hardest were required to help those who did not. Outraged by this, Galt refuses to work and swears that he will “stop the engine of the world.” As a result, brilliant industrialists begin to slowly disappear out of society forcing the collapse of capitalism to give rise to bureaucrats, politicians, and looters who find government intervention as the only means of fixing the country’s economic situation.
Midas Mulligan, an extremely successful banker, was asked for a loan by a man by the name of Lee Hunsacker who sought to buy a factory. After Mulligan refused to provide Hunsacker with the loan, given his careless business history, Hunsacker decided to sue Mulligan in order to force him to provide him with the loan. Judge Narragansett, who was in charge of the case, denied the loan to Hunsacker stating that what he wanted to do was unconstitutional. Hunsacker determined to receive the loan appealed the case. The appellate court reversed Judge Narragansett’s decision and by order of a jury, Mulligan was forced to provide Hunsacker with the loan. After the trial, John Galt came into Mulligan’s
Rebecca Harding Davis wrote “Life in the Iron Mills” in the mid-nineteenth century in part to raise awareness about working conditions in industrial mills. With the goal of presenting the reality of the mills’ environment and the lives of the mill workers, Davis employs vivid and concrete descriptions of the mills, the workers’ homes, and the workers themselves. Yet her story’s realism is not objective; Davis has a reformer’s agenda, and her word-pictures are colored accordingly. One theme that receives a particularly negative shading in the story is big business and the money associated with it. Davis uses this negative portrayal of money to emphasize the damage that the single-minded pursuit of wealth works upon the humanity of those
Capitalism can be defined as “when monetary wealth was enabled to buy labor power” (Wolf et al. 77). By the time that “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” was written, Capitalism was the dominant mode of production, and capitalist markets were spreading rapidly. This became especially true in the United States of America, which was heavily influenced by the British in matters of economy. Since capitalism was born in England, the influence of capitalism bled over into America while they were still under British rule (Wolf et al. 2670). However, by 1820, the year that “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” was published, the United States fully adopted the capitalist mode of production, along with the technological advances of the Industrial Revolution. This embrace of the new economic system changed the ways of life for people in both New England and New York, along with the entirety of the country.
The short story “The New Atlantis” paints a picture of a dystopian United States, where the government has become an overwhelming force. The people living in the States are left in a state of neglect, where harsh administration and forced ideals are the norm. Ursula K. Le Guin’s story follows Belle, a woman who leaves her memoirs to the rising oceans that are swallowing up the continent. Belle’s story records the struggle of a person’s life under the suffocating government, with her husband Simon attempting to gain political strength through his scientific vision. The themes of the story are based on “a damning critique of the direction that humanity along with science and technology have taken under capitalism” (Maxwell 15). With its heavy hand, civilization has consumed itself with conflict and consumption. By the end of the story, the United States has completely collapsed into the ocean, collapsed under the weight of its own government. The story “The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas”, also by Ursula K. Le Guin, tells the tale of an idealistic city called Omelas. Shoshana Knapp illustrates the lives of Omelas as a complex moral problem: “The basic situation . . . is the promise of mass bliss in exchange for a unique torment” (par. 5). When children become young adults in Omelas, they are shown a morbid truth about their society – the basis of Omelas’ whole existence relies on the suffering of one lonely child locked in a room. This dilemma introduces many uncomfortable
Fifth-century Athens refers to the Greek city-state of Athens in the period of roughly 480 BC-404 BC. This was a period of Athenian political hegemony, economic growth and cultural flourishing formerly known as the Golden Age of Athens or The Age of Pericles. The period began in 480 BC when an Athenian-led coalition of city-states, known as the Delian League, defeated the Persians at Salamis. As the fifth century wore on, what started as an alliance of independent city-states gradually became an Athenian empire. Eventually, Athens abandoned the pretense of parity among its allies and relocated the Delian League treasury from Delos to Athens, where it funded the building of the AthenianAcropolis. With its enemies
“The Restoration of the Athenian Empire” Our walls are crumbling and our fleet is minute. We here in Athens are unable to collect tribute from other city-states and are often in threat of being attacked. Our fleet is defenseless and weak. The Democratic fraction, propose that we spend our time and hard earned money on the rebuilding of our walls and fleet. That way Athens can dangerously collect tributes from other Greek city-states. The Democrats also would like to commence in hazardous military voyages with our insubstantial navy. Hoping the result brings forth great rewards.
The post-Civil War era was an era filled with political corruption, economic industrialization, and social urbanization largely due to an great surplus budget. With this being the case, the industrial capitalists, such as Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, and others, were leaders in this societal boom. However, it would be appropriate to say that most industrial capitalist could be accurately characterized as “robber barons” for they often unethical, self-interested, and corrupt.
The next day as I walk through the school doors, I see Hunter glaring at me. Remembering what my mom said, I continue walking to class. I go to my first two periods and I read the book Utopia by Thomas Moore through both my classes. When the lunch bell rings, I jump up from my seat and head to the cafeteria where I sit down at my usual table alone. I start eating my peanut butter and jelly sandwich as Hunter and a bunch of his friends enter the cafeteria. I freeze in fear and I start to become enraged. My hands start to shake and my face turns bright red with anger. Without thinking about it, I stand up towering over Hunter. Hunter’s friends begin to laugh at my idiotic decision. I become even more enraged as I hold my hands up in front
From 1865 to 1900, a surge in industry and business began to come into effect. Railroads, oil, steel, and various inventions enabled the rise of these businesses. As time went on, the leaders of the businesses would become more eager to achieve wealth. Some historians have described these people as ‘robber barons’ or people who use extreme methods to control and maintain their wealth and power. Others would chastise that belief, declaring that it is an unjust conclusion to draw. Despite the oppositions fervent belief, the undeniable evidence supports the belief that many of the businessmen in the late 19th century were ‘robber barons’. These men had a blatant disregard for human lives and an unquenchable urge to assume control over citizens’ lives that instilled corruption and greed in them.
Accurately established by many historians, the capitalists who shaped post-Civil War industrial America were regarded as corrupt “robber barons”. In a society in which there was a severe imbalance in the dynamics of the economy, these selfish individuals viewed this as an opportunity to advance in their financial status. Thus, they acquired fortunes for themselves while purposely overseeing the struggles of the people around them. Presented in Document A, “as liveried carriage appear; so do barefooted children”, proved to be a true description of life during the 19th century. In hopes of rebuilding America, the capitalists’ hunger for wealth only widened the gap between the rich and poor.
The industrial revolution introduced many new technology and improved our economic system. There have been a large increase in manufacture and machine tools since then. This led to better transportation, steam powered factories, consumer goods, a large workforce, and labour conditions. During the 1870’s , many financial issues had arise in the United States of America and in many European countries. Due to the financial crises that arise , it led to a major depressing era in history that is called the Panic of 1873. In “Standing at Armageddon” written by Nell Irvin Painter, the author discusses the progressive era and the United States economic crisis , as well as, social status during the ninetheeth century. Painter explains on how the high class white people owned most of the United States industry and due to their wealth, they owned fifty-one percent of the properties in America. They were the wealthiest one percent of the United States. There were different layers of wealth and social status which also integrates with race and ethnicity. Those who were wealthy in America weren’t the ones working hard and getting their hands dirty. Many low class were immigrants, women and blacks who worked in factories and were receiving low wages and poor work conditions. The low class owned only 1.2 percent of the properties in America. This caused major issues in the united states because the workers formed
During the Gilded Age, America and the lives of her citizens changed in irreversible ways. No longer did the common man control his own fate. Instead, an elite group of egomaniacal and so called industrial giants bought and sold their way to power, working the system to benefit their own selfish needs. When looking at the immeasurable greed of the tycoons, the horrible conditions they supplied for their workers, and the impoverishment of the common man, it can be concluded that the tycoons of the late 19th century are most accurately described as “robber barons”.
The early 20th century is seen to many people as one of the most influential periods of American history. Although at the time, industrial revolution was coming to a slow halt, American industry was going nowhere. New revolutions in factory management were occurring almost daily, making now common products and services for the average American more and more accessible. The future for citizens in the country certainly had never looked brighter. But underneath this beautiful façade there was a deep and dark underbelly. Not unlike Newton’s second law, in order for industries to maintain a profit margin, cutbacks had to be made somewhere—and nobody knew this better than Upton Sinclair.
“After the experience of the trade crisis, of being at the mercy of economic forces, now came the experience of being at the mercy of political forces, which was almost worse, since you could get used to the former and somehow do something for yourself, but there was nothing you could do about the other.”
He begins by starting with chapters dedicated to the causes of the collapse of the U.S.’s capitalistic economy. He starts his saga shortly after World War I, discussing the post war proposed reforms with
When trying to make connections between democracy and capitalism, and how they play a role in our everyday society, looking closely at the emergence of a powerful company can be very informative. Throughout the documentary Henry Ford American Experience, we are introduced to the humble beginnings of the one well-known company in today’s society, the Ford Motor Company. With the in-depth account of the creator himself, Henry Ford and the focus on the labor practices used in his company, one can understand how the establishment came to be.