QUESTION 1: RELATIVE PROFITABILITY
There are several ways to measure a company’s earning and profitability. Return on Equity (“ROE”) and Return on Assets (“ROA”) are, historically, among the most widely used measures to assess relative profitability in the banking industry. The technique used in this paper is based on Dr. Cole’s ROE Model. This model helps “demystify” ROE and ROA; and focuses and analyzes the main factors that are driving profitability for a bank. For this paper, selected financial data for East West Bank (“EWB” or the “Bank”) and its Peer Group (“peers”) was obtained from the December 31, 2013 Uniform Bank Performance Report (“UBPR”) and various EWB documents ; and from interviews conducted with EWB management .
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Thus, EWB’s Equity Multiplier (“EM”) is also higher than peers (10.09x vs. 8.88x).
EWB’s higher ROE compared to peers highlights a higher rate of return on shareholder’s equity; nonetheless, it does not provide the complete picture in itself. Decomposing the ROE to better understand the reason for change, it was determined that 42% of EWB’s 2013 ROE was due to leverage, i.e., lower relative equity.
Since ROA growth itself will not yield important insights, nine variables have been identified, reflecting variances (Bank vs. Peer) for each in Exhibit 1. The following four key drivers out of the nine have been examined below, to provide a more detailed picture:
1. PROFIT STRENGTHS (HIGHEST POSITIVE VARIANCE)
A. YIELD ON EARNING ASSET (“EA”)
Over the past 3 years, EWB’s yield on EA has decreased 66 bps from 2011 to 2013 (Exhibit 2). This is essentially owing to the “low interest rate environment” and the lower average yield on non-covered loans . EWB’s average yield is above peers (Exhibit 1), as EWB used funds more efficiently; placing a larger proportion of EA (82.47% vs. 68.63%) in higher yielding assets (i.e., Gross Loans and Fed Funds Sold & Resales); as illustrated in Exhibit 3. EWB’s higher yield on gross loans was attributable to the interest income from the “covered loans” portfolio, which is due to the additional accretion accounted for under ASC 310-30. As the covered loan balance continues to decrease, the overall yield will
The banking industry is highly competitive. The financial services industry has been around for hundreds of years. Wells Fargo has many competitors itself. In this paper, I will be doing a comparison of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC) and one of its biggest competitors, Bank of America Corporation (BAC). By analyzing looking at the financial ratios, one can see whether the company is successful or not. In the following, I will try to analyze and make a comparison of Wells Fargo’s and Bank of America’s recent performance in growth, income, and efficiency. Using a these criteria, I will determine which bank is the better buy according my analysis. My analysis of WFC & BAC’s performances
1. Key success factors & company performance…………………………………………………..3 2. Bank perspective regarding the performance…………………………………………………..7 3. Bank financing perspective at the end of 1998……………………………………………….10 4. Management perspective regarding the bank financing………………………………….13 5. Exhibit 1 – Annual Income Statements (1994-1997)………………………………………17 6. Exhibit 2 – Annual Balance Sheets (1994-1997)……………………………………………..18 7. Exhibit 3 – Quarterly Income Statements 1997……………………………………………….19 8. Exhibit 4 – Quarterly Balance Sheets 1997………………………………………………………20 9. Exhibit 5 – Forecasting………………………………………………………………………………………21 10. Exhibit 6 – Annual Ratios………………………………………………………………………………….22 11. Exhibit 7 –
The following report is a brief comparative analysis of two of Australia’s largest deposit-taking financial institutions (FI), Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Ltd. (ANZ) and Westpac Banking Corporation (Westpac). This report seeks to identify which of the FIs has a greater aggregate return per dollar of equity and thus establish the highest performer, or most profitable, of the two. The Return on Equity Model (ROE) (Koch & MacDonald,
Since an ROE of 21.48% equals the product of 4.41% and 4.87 (ROA and Equity Multiplier), it indicates that the firm is able to achieve such high ROE only through a high financial leverage.
When combining the figures for ROE, ROA and the DuPont analysis it appears that the company is using leverage favourably. ROE is greater than ROA and assets are greater than equity. This is a positive sign for shareholders as it suggests a good investment return in a company that is managing its shareholder equity well (Evans & McDowell, 2009).
Financial statements for banks have uniquely different analytical problem than statements for manufacturing, service and most companies in general. Therefore this analysis of JPMorgan and Chase 's financial statements requires a different approach in order to recognize the banks worth as an investment.
Next is Asset turnover with .55 times which is a measure of the efficiency of asset utilization. Finally the equity multiplier with 2.26 which is a measure of financial leverage of the firm. When compared to the traditional ratios we get similar results; Profit margin 25.44% (27% DuPont) versus 18.75% industry average. Asset turnover is .54 (.55 DuPont) versus .50 industry average. Equity multiplier 2.28 times (2.26 times DuPont) versus 2 times industry average. The results show that the DuPont analysis using ROE as the main determinant are very similar to the regular ratios. Furthermore the ROE of the traditional ratio is 31.32% with DuPont being 33.10% versus the industry average of 18.75% shows that the firms ROE is very robust. While the firm has some challenges with respect to liquidity and inventory management, as well as debt management it still is doing a good job with respect to its shareholders. However it could be doing a little better for the stockholders, and needs to address some of the above issues mentioned.
These profitability ratios indicate a better result by taking up the new loan than staying with the old bank. By Dupont analysis (Please see exhibit___), the main drivers for the higher ROE for new loan is due to higher profit margin which offset the lower equity multiplier. The effect of the discount income has driven the profitability, which in turn reflected also in the ROE and ROA ratios.
Regarding to ROE, whereas CAB and NAB had instability index, Westpac continued to retain outstanding development of ROE ratios from 15.2 to 16.2 percent. In order words, high ratio reflects how success of Westpac in term of making profit from shareholders investment. Secondly, there was a minimally increase to just 0.03 percent in the number of Westpac’s ROA with the exception in 2014, however, when CBA continued to hold the steadily level roundly 1.1 percent in that three – year period. In this case, although return on asset of Westpac have an improvement, CBA still have a better result on the success of generating income from investment. Turning to net interest margin ratio, the table shows that the number of all banks went down during the
From 2002 to 2007 the bank had an 83% annual growth rate, but those increased profits did not come from productive assets, but simply just a result of increased leverage as seen when comparing Deutsche Bank’s ROA v. ROE. The bank consistently had an exponentially high ROE when the economy was doing well and led to a significant loss when the economy was in a recession in 2008. ROA stayed below .5% and above -.18% during those 10 years even when ROE reached a high of 26.72% and a low of -12.91%. ROA did not rise the way ROE did because increased debt has the potential to lower revenues as more money is spent servicing that enormous debt and if net income falls due to increased expense ROA declines but ROE can still rise as it does not effect shareholder equity. The leverage did allow for large financial gains but did cause
* A number of issues were identified in the analysis of the performance factor calculation. Management attempted to proxy the cost of equity using the bank prime lending rate plus 2%, which is a crude measure that is unlikely to reflect the true risk of the business. If the cost of equity is underestimated, the spread between ROE is inflated and the resulting market value of equity is overestimated.
The key financial indicators for evaluating financial performance of any bank are Profit Before Tax, Capital Ratio, Adjusted Gross Leverage, Loan Funding Ratio, Net income, Assets and Liabilities, Equity and Share Holders return.
The purpose of this report is comprehensive quantitative analysis for the financial performance of Barclays Bank. Quantitative analysis is an important method of looking beyond the numbers and understanding the stories they tell. It is quantitative analysis that gives way to qualitative analysis and allows us to gauge the running of a business better. Quantitative analysis is key towards improving our understanding of the relationships that may exist among key financial variables or key factors influencing the performance of a firm. The application of quantitative analysis towards business performance is a key method of identifying problems that may hinder the growth of the business and tackle their root cause.
To analyze customer profitability, we firstly summarize how Pilgrim Bank generates revenues, we found that there are three main ways: (1) Through investment income from deposit
The financial proportions are readied on the premise of recorded financial proclamations and they are helpful markers of a company 's present financial execution and current financial circumstance. These financial proportions can be utilised to dissect current patterns and to contrast the association 's financial position with those of others. The effect of financial proportions on the financial execution of Bahraini business and Islamic banks. The financial execution of banks was emphatically and absolutely affected by their operational proficiency, resource administration and their size. Notwithstanding, proportions themselves can 't demonstrate the span of the banks, which implies that banks must be measured by their general financial execution.