Turkle's Argument Analysis

rather than, actually enjoying it. We find ourselves so engrossed with our phones that we tend

His argument that people are becoming too dependent on technology is weaved through the explanation of ELIZA: a computer application program that “offered a ‘mechanic clarity,’ replacing language’s human ‘messiness’ with a ‘clean internal computer.’” (202)

While reading “The Flight from Conversation,” I noticed Turkle’s beneficial use of ethos, logos, and pathos. At the beginning of the reading, Turkle uses ethos to establish her credibility when she states “Over the past 15 years, I’ve studied technologies of mobile connections and talked to hundreds of people of all ages and circumstances about their plugged in lives()”. Turkle uses ethos on page 94 when she mentions her students, therefore implying that she is a teacher. This tells the reader that she has had lots of experience watching people and how they interact with technology, while also assuming that she is knowledgeable because of her job.

In the article “Growing up Tethered”, by Sherry Turkle, she argues that technology today plays a major role in everyday life. Youths do not have the ability to branch off and have their own independence because of their reliance and attachment to technology. They also use technology to develop who they are as people and create an online personal identity of what they think is a perfect life. In comparison, their own life seems boring, pale and unwanted. Turkle also talks about how teenagers think of their phone as a “friend’s” and cannot live without it. When feeling a strong emotion, teens want to share their feelings with their friends and phone. I agree with Turkle’s opinion that technology is changing and will never be the same, which will be hard to improve this attachment to technology because too many teens are tethered.

Many times our fears of what is unknown to us are often the strongest fears we hold as human beings. However, what if it was the fear of things we already know that were the most powerful and influential in our lives? In modern society, many hold within themselves a deep-seated fear of the technology that the world has become so revolved around. Additionally, it has recently become debatable whether or not this technology has become a hindrance to members of the so-called iGeneration, born between 1995 and 2012, who have grown up in a world surrounded by technology. Truly, the members of older generations, including millennials who have had themselves split off from the apparent technology obsessed generation of the youngest millennials, have expressed their concern as to whether or not these vast differences in generations have to do with the unhealthy use of technology. Among those to have analyzed this phenomenon is writer Jean M. Twenge who in her article, “Have Smartphones Destroyed a Generation?,” utilizes the study of a modern 13 year old girl named Athena to exemplify a plethora of determinants that technology has imposed on young people and the slow deterioration of everything from independence and social skills to a decline mental health due to technology use. Many of Twenge’s statements reveal the belief that many members of iGen are unequipped to handle adulthood and are even less happy because of the technology that has played a significant role in their lives

Sherry Turkle is a professor for Social Studies of Science and Technology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She graduated from Harvard University with a doctorate in sociology and personality psychology. She is qualified with topics such as culture and therapy, mobile technology,

Technology has really changed the lives of people both physically and mentally. It brings us the new experiences. Along with technology, communication has never become so easy. But the technology has certain downsides. It soon makes us change the meaning of the word "communication" to "connection". Sherry Turkle claims, "We live in a technological universe in which we are always communicating. And yet we have sacrificed conversation for mere connection.". And I agree. Sherry uses of logos isn't effective enough, but by using numerous other modes of persuasion, she makes me agree with her argument.

Technology, the advancement of knowledge and productivity through the application of tools, information, and techniques to create an effortless process, has ultimately lead to the declination of our society and our future. In “A Thing Like Me,” Nicholas Carr addresses the development of technology from the day it was created and how it initiated an immediate impact within the lives of humans leading to an unhealthy dependency. Carr establishes how technology, what was intended to be a tool, has become the “pacifier” of our generation. This “pacifier” causes a loss of freedom, not through the laws of the government, but rather with the values of freedom one holds within themselves. This freedom is the individuality that distinguishes each person from the next, and forms a desire for the development of oneself through the experiences of life and the wisdom that is acquired along the way. Technology has blinded man from this pursuit of self-enhancement and with the advancement of technology occurring daily, there is no resolution. Each day people are confined within themselves and the pieces of technology that will continually limit them in their lives. Freedom is more than just a concept of laws instilled by the government, it is the thought process found within each individual person and their “hunger” to become more. With technology, social media was created and immediately immersed within our lives. The society of today has

Technology has tremendously changed human social behavior, which has provided a convenient way for people to communicate and collaborate with each other. For instance, Cathy Davidson, the author of “Project Classroom Makeover,” points out, there is a need to renew the current education system so that it meets the new expectation of the digital era. She discusses how technology improves social interaction when students work collectively through crowdsourcing. In “The Myth of the Ant Queen,” Steven Johnson provides the example of the complex systems in ant colonies, cities of Manchester and Internet by emphasizing the importance of collective working that intelligence emerges when people work together. On the other side, Sherry Turkle argues that technology has turned human beings become isolated. In her article “Alone Together: Why We Expect A Lot from Technology and Less from Each Other,” she discusses how humanity is transformed into a “robotic’ moment due to technology. Therefore, technology does not only help to form collective learning and social interaction that can provide an adequate platform for sharing social values, but also isolate people from each other if they rely too much on technology.

Andy Clark, in Natural-Born Cyborgs, offers an extended argument that technology’s impact on and intertwining with ordinary biological human life is not to be feared, either psychologically or morally. Clark offers several key concepts towards his line of reasoning. Clark argues that a human being thinks and reasons based on the biological brain and body dynamically linked with the culture and technological tools transparently accessible to the human. This form of thinking and reasoning develops new "thinking systems" that which over time become second nature thoughts and reasons and are the basis of even newer "thinking systems." It is a repetitive cycle that continues forever being built upon previous systems.

At what point will society place a dependence upon technological advancements rather than the curiosity and interactions of mankind? With the constant acceleration of improvements within technology and any piece of information readily available many authors, artists, and individuals question the natural world as each generation more elaborately explores the innovative approaches towards science and technology. E.M. Forster’s short story, “The Machine Stops,” is based upon a fear of the technological revolution, and it introduces the audience to a utopian society facing multiple forms of isolation as a result of his society reaching complete dependence upon the technology of the Machine. The society’s reliance upon the Machine creates a divide between those who display an adoration and worship towards the Machine versus citizens who prevail and fight for their individual freedom. E.M. Forster illustrates the role he foresees technology to play in the end of human civilization through an exaggerated vision of the effects that technology leaves on our lives, which helps the audience to better understand our present day society properly.

Furthermore, I agree with Turkle that technology is overtaking our lives in a way that we might not even notice. Most everyone has one has a cell phone. Whether we are texting, reading emails, or playing Angry Birds, we are so absorbed into a virtual world. Even though we may not realize it, many of

Hayles’ suggested notion of autonomy follows. Although humans are distinct, they are entwined with technological machines. Hayles suggests that instead of trying to have a control over the boundaries between the subjectivity of human and technology, people should strive to understand the dynamics of what flows across the borders. She states that people should recognize such interactions “through which they create us even as we create them.” Hayles’ notion of autonomy can be summarized as a term called posthuman collectivity, which means that people who move from individual autonomy to collective autonomy that acknowledges the interrelations with one another and with the environment.

A world where every action, feeling, and thought originates from what people interpret on a screen is the result of society’s obsession with the Internet. Turkle starts exposing how severely attached, or “tethered,” teenagers are to their cell phones and the digital world. This leads into a discussion on privacy, or the lack thereof. Expanding on that idea, Turkle writes about how teenagers are not able to claim independence due to the tie to their cell phones and thus those who pay for them, their parents (Turkle, 238). This lack of growth stunts their identity-forming process and further agitates their obsession with the world online. The accessibility of instant validation from peers, or strangers for that matter, on the Web entices people away from the real world around them. Turkle

We as people rely on technology too much by expecting the machine to do something by the click of a button and get angry when the machinery isn’t working. At the beginning technology wasn’t thought of too much but at this point technology is getting people addicted from kids to the elderly.