Unfair Discrimination and Tital Selection Process: A Solution for Adverse Impact

Demography is the science of human populations and their change over time, and the United States Census reveals important demographic changes decade-by-decade that affect politics, government and public policy. One of the most important demographic trends is that the U.S. has become a far more multicultural and multilingual society than it was in 1960, due in part from changes in the immigration laws in 1965 that abolished the quota system of the National Origins Act that favored European immigrants. As a result, Asians and Hispanics have been the majority of new immigrants over the past forty years and states like California and Texas already have majority-minority populations or soon will have. At some point in the 21st Century, the U.S. as a whole is going to become a majority-minority society for the first time in its history. Another major demographic trend is the rapid growth of the over-65 population as the Baby Boom generation begins to retire, which will mean heavier expenditures on federal entitlement programs like Medicare and Social Security. Elderly voters are also the most politically active group, especially when protecting these key safety net programs, and this has become a major political and public policy issue in recent years.

African Americans now constitute nearly 1 million of the total 2.3 million incarcerated; that is 60% of 30% of the African American population. African Americas are incarcerated at nearly six times the rate of whites. “Between 6.6% and 7.5% of all black males ages 25 to 39 were imprisoned in 2011, which were the highest imprisonment rates among the measured sex, race, Hispanic origin, and age groups." (Carson, E. Ann, and Sabol, William J. 2011.) Stated on Americanprogram.org “ The Sentencing Project reports that African Americans are 21 percent more likely to receive mandatory-minimum sentences than white defendants and are 20 percent more likely to be sentenced to prison.” Hispanics and African Americans make up 58% of all prisoners in 2008, even though African Americans and Hispanics make up approximately one quarter of the US population. (Henderson 2000). Slightly 15% of the inmate population is made up of 283,000 Hispanic prisoners.

Over the last several decades, workplace issues have become an area of controversy for most employers. This is because the regulations surrounding what practices are considered to be discriminatory have increased dramatically. To enforce these issues, the Equal Opportunity Employment Commission (EEOC) is playing a central role in making employers follow these provisions of the law. A recent example of this occurred, with the case EEOC v. HCS Medical Staffing Inc.

Currently within the United States one of the fastest growing minority population (Schwartz & Scott, 2012) is the Latinos. In 2010 Census Bureau Brief ( Ennis, Rois-Vargas, & Albert, 2011) it stated how an estimated 15 million Latino individuals were living within the United States, which is approximately about 16% of the entire U.S. population. There is one big problem with addressing the Latino population, and that is the family patterns are either misrepresented or not properly understood, due to the label of Hispanic and Latinos being placed together. These two groups may share the same spoken language of Spanish and have similar cultural ancestry but the diversity among Hispanic and Latinos (Schwartz & Scott, 2012) make generalizations about their lifestyles difficult. The term Hispanic came to be used in the 1970’s by government officials (cdc.gov, 2011) in trying to provide a diverse label on this population that had connections to speaking Spanish and the Spanish culture. Latino became more of a termed to be used when distinguishing between Mexican (Hispanics) and Latinos who descendants from Latin America such as Cuba and Puerto Rico.

Asian Americans with no other ancestry comprise 4.8% of the U.S. population while people who are Asian alone or combined with at least one other race make up 5.6%

The majority of the population is Caucasian (87%), followed by Hispanic (8%), American Indian (1%), Asian (2%), and African-American (1%).

Hispanics tend to have very close family ties. In times of trouble they turn to family members for support. They more often than not make decisions as a family and not as an individual. Family

The United States is a melting pot of cultural diversity. For a country that was founded by individuals fleeing persecution, it has taken us many years to grant African-Americans equal rights, and even longer for those rights to be recognized. Despite all the effort to eliminate inequality in this country, health disparity among this minority group remains a significant issue. Research in this area has pointed to several key reasons for this gap that center on differences in culture, socioeconomics, and lack of health literacy.

| Hispanics are currently the fastest-growing minority group in the United States constituting 16.3% of the nation’s entire population. There population is 42,687,224.

million in 2003 to 46.2 million in 2014. This represents an increase of 29%.The Hispanic

The environments in which these to movements of immigration have created labels for these immigrants. In Central and South America, the violence that is shown and the violence that is brought near the borders of the United States creates a root of censorship. Hispanics are therefore considered rapists, murders, and thieves among the United States’ society. The positive influences of the Hispanic culture are not taken in account. The ability to create vast social structures and be the hammer of the United States is not presented. Nevertheless, Asians are based upon their development of the latest medicine, technology, and innovations. These immigrants are considered to be a positive influence in the United States, in which it hoped to be a valuable asset. Asians are recognized as regular immigrants and regular people while Hispanics are considered to be illegal and with a lower value. Hispanics are also being blamed for the decrease of job employment in which is simply not the real purpose. “Asians are expected to outnumber Hispanics, making up 38 percent of all immigrants” (Escobar para.3). The increase of Asian population in the United States means that there is a higher probability of Asians stealing jobs from American rather than the slow decreasing Hispanic migration. There is a limit of Asian immigration that is being presented in the media, which is by far not

Thank you for the post, it was informative and educational. Adding some highlights on the health disparities between the Latinos and the Caucasian, there is greater socioeconomic difference between the Caucasian. According to the 2000 census, the number of Latinos in the United States has increased by approximately 60 percent, from 23 million in 1990 to 35.3 million in 2000 (Leo, Marielena, Raynard, Robert, & Jose, 2002). Statistics illustrates that the Latinos population is one of the fastest-growing racial/ethnic groups in the United States today.

Hispanic origin is next with 2,336,076 or 28.6 percent, and black/African American non-Hispanic only constituting 22.8 percent or 1,861,295. Asian non-Hispanic had 12.6 percent of the population or 1,028,119 persons, non-Hispanic of two or more races 1.8 percent or 148,676 persons, and some other race non-Hispanic 1.0 percent or 78,063.

The selection rates of each category (white, non-white, etc…) are indicated in the column corresponding to whether the employees were hired from outside the organization (external) or promoted from within (internal). In order to calculate the four-fifth’s rule, it is necessary to examine these percentages. The first step is to divide the selection ratio of the minority group by the selection ratio of the majority group. For example, in order examine the four-fifth’s rule in regards to African American employees hired externally in the Shift Leader position, divide that selection ratio (5.88%) by the selection ratio of white employees hired externally to the same position (16.31%).

The percentage of Mexican and Central American immigrants to finish high school is 38% even though the report indicates that differences exist for Asian and African immigrants which is 87% and is equal to the U.S born population. (Dore, Escarce & Lurie, 2007).