1. Introduction Over the years, the Domain Name System (DNS) has evolved as the most important network service which connects networking resources to a private network and the internet. But along with the rise in the importance of DNS, it has also become a vulnerable link in the internet security as it is the internet’s primary directory service used for properly traversing through the present networking infrastructure. Even though DNS is the core fabric of the today’s network, there is no standard security framework available for DNS. Every security professional knows that the network security measures depends upon the following three important factors [1]: • Confidentiality: It is a set of rules used for limiting the access and …show more content…
The latest threats to DNS will be discussed here and counter measures will be suggested. It will provide a theoretical as well as practical understanding of DNS exploitation and security. 2. Project Overview 2.1 DNS Query There are various types DNS queries made by the client. The most common is the mapping of Fully Qualified domain name (FQDN) to the IP address of the FQDN. A resolver and a name server play the important role in making queries and finding the results for queries. Sometimes, we have either only a resolver or a resolver and a name serer working together in a computer depending upon the system we are using. There are many such combinations but the core logic remains the same and it is as follows [2]: 1. When a command is inserted by the user, the hostname will be needed to be translated to the IP address so that the user will be able to access the resources at the destination site. 2. The particular application program will call the resolver which is actually a set of library functions. (To be more specific, the application will call “gethostbyname” or “gethostbyaddr” through API or library routines to formulate a query for the name server.) 3. If it is a caching resolver, it will look for the result within its cache. If the result cannot be found or if it is a stub resolver, the resolver transfers the request to the local name server. 4. If it is not in
A hierarchical system of servers and services specifically designed to translate IP addresses into domain names (forward lookups) as well as the reverse (reverse lookups) is called:
The /etc/resolv.conf file is the resolver configuration file. It provides access to DNS for Internet address resolution. The nameserver line indicates which systems the local system should query to resolve hostnames into IP
Host companies and Internet Service Providers interact with the Central Registry to get updated DNS information.
DNS (Domain Name System) : used to translate the internet protocol services. Stand-alone daemon run by script named.
DNS is the service that translates from domain name to the matching IP address. The roles of the name servers in this process are:
For DNS we need also to test how long it takes authoritative DNS servers to respond to a request for your domain or host, including the Domain, the TLD, and the Root DNS server response times. This test provides us with information to help identify possible DNS hosting performance delays resolving our domain. It can be useful when evaluating the DNS performance of hosting providers, and general troubleshooting performance of a
Network Security - Networks are classified into many types like shared and non-shared, public or private, small area or large area networks and each of them have a number of security threats to deal with. Problems associated with the network level security comprise of DNS attacks, Sniffer attacks, issue of reused IP address, etc. A Domain Name Server (DNS) server performs the translation of a domain name to an IP address. Since the domain names are much easier to remember. Hence, the DNS servers are needed. But there are cases when having called the server by name, the user has been routed to some other evil cloud instead of the one he asked for and hence using IP address is not always feasible. Although using DNS security measures like:
The IP address is given a unique identification it is one of kind IP address, so it can be trace for any internet activity and find the exact location of website. Domain names are used because it is easier to remember the name rather than the entire website address. All computers on the net have what area unit termed net Protocol addresses ordinarily called associate degree scientific discipline address to be ready to communicate across the network. These addresses, that area unit assigned to all or any computers on a network, area unit created of numerals separated by a dot that don't seem to be essentially simple for North American country to recollect. Therefore, whereas computers simply use these scientific discipline addresses to attach and communicate with one another, it's somewhat more difficult for North American country. It's with keeping such in mind that, net designers and controllers have return up with a translation system that identifies additional simply remembered characters with every and each scientific discipline address. With DNS we need to have the integrated namespace so following DNS use is proposed: an internal DNS namespace, used only on your own network; internal DNS to communicate with external DNS forwarding; and an external DNS namespace to communicate with external
DNS stands for ‘Domain Name System’. It is an internet service that works like a
DNS- DNS stands for domain name server and is a network of servers that keep track of Internet Domain Names. Its main job is to authenticate and find domains. It translates IP Addresses into numbers, for example, 172.194.40.143 translates into
Data lookup: Each zone has a location proxy used for locating span-servers to request data
What type of zone is necessary for computer hostname-to-IP address mappings, which are used for name resolution by a variety of services?
of the integrity of zone data. DNSSEC relies upon a cascading chain of trust: The root
Socket pooling: Creates a pool of ports to be used by DNS instead of just port 53.
The goal of this case study is to follow a packet capture file to investigate the fictitious character Ann Dercover. Examining the file will show how she uses network tunneling to cover her tracks, but more importantly, it will help develop skills that can be applied to network forensics. The challenge is to determine if the DNS traffic is truly suspicious, determine the purpose of the DNS traffic, recover all possible information on the local and remote systems involved, and the risk associated with the data leaking from the organization.