Watersheds: A Case Study

4. Compare snowpack in a watershed to a dam on a river. How are they alike? How are they different?

A mass curve and double mass curve were created for the Red Deer basin at Drumheller in 1964. Precipitation data was collected from the city of Drumheller, which is approximately 0.6 km from the river measurement. On average the greatest amount of precipitation occurred in May, June, and July, but there was a large spike in precipitation in the month of September. The lowest amount of precipitation occurred in January, February and October. The double mass curve for this basin has a large gradual increase. Runoff for this basin is always greater than precipitation, but there is an area of large run off and storage during the end of the curve. This could be due to the large amount of precipitation that occurred in September, and storage

Two charts were used, one from 2006 and the other from 2007. In 2006 it was considered a wet year meaning a greater percentage of 41% of the water went to wild and scenic rivers. In 2007 it was a dry year which greatly reduced the percentage to only 23% going to wild and scenic

There were a total of 111 days of rainfall within the year preceding the dam’s failure. This level of rainfall was very unusual for the community of Johnstown, let alone the entire state of Pennsylvania. Just before the dam broke, 6-8 inches of rain had fallen throughout the region, turning

The watershed model is used to develop projections of peak stream flows and water surface (flood)

The Department of Water Resources every year collects snowfall and rainfall data . On April 1st California’s snowpacks are usually the highest , but “ the water content measurements of this year's snow were only about 5 percent of the usual rainfall “ ( la times ) . Which estimated that the year this data was taken would be the lowest on record .

This segment of White Creek is located the farthest away from major urban development, and, thus, might be an overall healthier system as a result. There is an overall proliferation of many different of species (colonizers, stabilizers, and riparian woody) that occur and thrive in various spatial configurations (partially determined by proximity to stream, elevation, and characteristics of the underlying substrate). There appears to be a substantial (s worthy of note that a large, above-ground sewage line ran perpendicularly over the river towards a sewage treatment plant some distance away. There were no signs of leakage or other issues that might compromise or affect the surrounding hydrology of the site.

Fortunately, that same weekend a series of powerful thunderstorms swept over the northern Sierra flows ever so slightly elevated in the Yuba and Feather Rivers. This fortuitous event could not have come any sooner because coincidently, that week in August was just after the downstream demand curve had peaked and the ever so slight bump in flows had knocked the final round of curtailments

The average yield of total nitrogen between the two rivers differ. The Red River has a slightly higher nitrogen yield in the early data set (1992-1994) than the Sweetwater River (Figure 2A). Whereas, nitrogen yield in the Red River is significantly lower than the Sweetwater in 2005-2007 (Figure 2A). Comparing the two datasets corresponding to years, the Red River showed significant decrease in the average yield of nitrogen (Figure 2A). However, the Sweetwater nitrogen yield has dramatically increased since the earlier data collection (Figure 2A).

Lenz, ( 2003 ) studied the Ground-Water Flow and Rainfall Runoff with Emphasis on the Effects of Land Cover, Whittlesey Creek, Bayfield County, Wisconsin, 1999-2001 using SWAT model. The effects of land cover on flooding and base-flow characteristics of Whittlesey Creek, Bayfield County, Wis were examined in a study that involved ground-water-flow and rainfall-runoff modeling. Field data were collected during 1999-2001. Potentiometric-surface altitudes and stratigraphic descriptions were provided by well logs. Geological data, soil parameters, hydrography, altitude, and land-cover data were compiled into a geographic information system (GIS) and used in two ground-water-flow models (GFLOW and MODFLOW) and a rainfall-runoff model (SWAT). A base flow of 17-18 cubic feet per second is produced in a deep ground-water system which intersects Whittlesey Creek near the confluence with the North Fork.

By conducting this investigation it was discovered that there is no significant relationship between velocity and channel length based on the significance level chosen by the investigator. However, there is a significant relationship between discharge and channel length that can be mathematically shown. As a result, this investigation determines that it is inconclusive on whether or not velocity increases as Fanno Creek moves further downstream. Therefore, the answer to the question (Does Fanno Creek in Beaverton, Oregon follow trends displayed by the Bradshaw Model?) is yes, which was the same as the original hypothesis is. As for discharge the original hypothesis is rejected since the graphs provided by the data shows a negative

The hydrology update for the Don River watershed will follow the standard procedure for hydrological modelling including modelling platform selection, watershed delineation, model parameterization, model calibration and validation, and model simulation (scenario evaluation). The main objectives of this model update are as follows:

The aim of this research is to examine using surface water diverted water the Mississippi River Tributaries for irrigation, by quantifying volumes of water that can be diverting by excess water from water from Big Sunflower, Little Tallahatchie, and Buffalo Rivers. The analysis to quantity volumes of water diverted through these rivers, using 80% and 90% of the maximum gage and discharge levels, using Excel with the add-on Solver, with spreadsheets and data from the United

The maximum snow depth reaches up to 1500mm (Matsumura, 2014). The maximum hourly rainfall occurred is 32mm on 04-09-2013. The slope failure has happened on 17-10-2013. 47mm of daily cumulative rainfall has been observed during 16-10-2013. In this case, the slope failure has also been influenced by the excess amount of water supply (approximately 1m3/day). The monitored data i.e. rainfall, snow depth, soil water content and pore water pressure are given in Fig.3(a).

On May 19 and 20, 1990, terribly significant rains fell within the river Basin, particularly over the lower finish of Lake Hamilton and far of Lake Catherine. within the twelve-hour amount from 6:00 p.m. May 19, 1990 to 6:00 a.m. May 20, 1990, there was downfall of 10 inches at Carpenter Dam, seven inches at Remmel Dam, and twelve inches in near Hot Springs, with most of the rain falling between 8:00 p.m. and 3:00 a.m. The pool elevation on Lake Hamilton was 399.16 feet higher than water level at 8:00 p.m. on May 19, however when four hours, had up to 402.12 feet, and was still rising. Throughout this point the gates on Carpenter Dam were opened so as to avoid flooding on Lake Hamilton. The mixture of the discharge from Lake Hamilton and therefore the influx of rain from Lake Catherine's catchment area flooded the shores of Lake Catherine. The tail water from Carpenter Dam rose from a traditional elevation of 305 feet, to an elevation of 331 feet by 4:00 a.m. on May 20. Before the flooding, the pool elevation at Remmel Dam was close to traditional at 304.33 feet, however the pool at Remmel Dam crested at 7:00 a.m. on May 20th at 4:00am at an elevation of 317.50