Jen Ransom PHIL 421 11-13-15 Danto offers three criteria that must be met for something to be an artwork. What are these criteria? What is the difficulty with the first two criteria that led him to offer the third and final criteria. What is a theory of art? Why might one think these criteria lead to a circular theory of art? Why would one be wrong in this assessment? Critics have been trying to determine what exactly the definition art is for many years now. Throughout history, identifying what was art and what was not was presumed to be obvious. Therefore, one was able to differentiate between art and ordinary things as easily as one could tell one ordinary object from another. However, in the twentieth century, art began to change and works of art either were, or appeared to be, objects of daily life and use. Arthur Danto questions these works of art by asking: if we were given two things that were meant to represent one another, where one is art and the other is not, how do we determine the differences in status? Danto states that an artistic theory is required to determine what is art. He uses the ‘is’ of artistic identification and the ‘Artworld’ theories to distinguish between two objects that are identical, when one is an artwork and the other is not. He develops different criteria that must be met for something to be considered an artwork: aboutness, embodiment of the aboutness and context/history. When looking at three different people’s creations of
Art galleries are essential to the art world, however, is not the only source for audiences to view art. To begin with, art and artwork is defined as the application of human skill, creativity and imagination. Taking this into consideration, individuals need to examine the nature and purpose of art galleries as a facility to collaborate, organize and display a collection of artworks. As art however, is any expression of human creativity, its presence is not bound to art galleries and is evidently present in the world around us be it in photographs, the internet or even in graffiti.
In a world that has become immune to accepting all types of art, Marya Mannes believes we have lost our standards and ability to identify something as “good” or “bad”. In her essay, “How Do You Know It’s Good”, she discusses society’s tendency to accept everything out of fear of wrongly labelling something as being good or bad. She touches on various criteria to judge art, such as the artist’s purpose, skill and craftsmanship, originality, timelessness, as well as unity within a piece rather than chaos. She says that an individual must decide if something is good “on the basis of instinct, experience, and association” (Mannes). I believe that by using standards and the process of association, we will be able to judge what makes an art piece good in comparison to others. However, Mannes forces me to consider the difference between what may be appealing versus what is actually good, and when deciding which art we should accept, which is truly more important. I believe that “good” and “bad” are two ends of a large, subjective spectrum of grey area. It is possible for a piece of art to be good in some areas and bad in others, and if something does not live up to all of our standards, it does not necessarily mean it should be dismissed. Thus, I believe my personal standards for judging art are based on which my standards are largely based on the personal reaction evoked from a piece of art. Though I agree with Mannes’ standards to an extent, I believe that certain standards, such as evoking a personal response, can be more telling of if a piece of art is good as opposed to its timelessness, or the level of experience of an artist in his/her craft.
What classifies something as art? According to the Webster Dictionary, art is defined as “the conscious use of skill and creative imagination especially in the production of aesthetic objects”. Art has been around since the dawn of history, seen etched into cave walls and slowly evolved into what we see around us today. All cultures use art in many forms such as paintings, dance, sculptures, music for many different reasons. In the video titled 'Pootie done did it again.' Pootie Tang records a new song titled “ “ which is then broadcasted on the radio. The song, which is just recorded silence, raises the question of if this silence can be considered art. The purpose of this essay is to support the idea that Pootie Tang's “ “ is unlikely
In the contemplation of art, or rather the conceptually intangible definition it currently possess, it is imperative to be mindful that “art” has been utilized as a promotional device, ceremonial item, aesthetically purposed article or perhaps none of these or all. It is because of this vague term that Carolyn Dean, in her text, “The Trouble with (The Term) Art”, makes a case for the consequences of applying the term “art” in societies that lacked such a notion which also accounts for the Western-centric lens the field intrinsically utilizes when viewing non-Western art. The claim is deftly supported by the utilization of expert accounts in the subject, alternative perspectives for what is considered the current norm, and self-examining questions,
Art by its nature is a subject of the philosophical, social, economic, political or religious context surrounding its creator. More often than not, a work of art addresses a specific topic or somewhat revolves around a particular person. Therefore, it is impossible to separate the context of a piece of painting, either historical or cultural, to its intrinsic value or the artwork's meaning. On the other hand, different cultures and time utilized specific conventions that govern the representation of objects of creativity. This essay highlights various pieces of art and their relationship to particular cultural, political, economic, or social settings. Moreover, it pinpoints how different times influence art presentation.
The idea of art being a unique interpretation of what an artist’s feels towards a particular thing has always been a given when talking about art. However, where is the line drawn on what art truly is and what it means to its audience? To do this, the idea of what art means must be applied to the idea of what art is. In Dorothy Allison’s This is Our World, the author touches on points of what art is and what it means to its viewers. These points and supporting stories point to the idea that art is subjective, personal, and provocative. This allows Allison to draw her conclusion that arts purpose is to depict the deeper meaning into situations and incidents that occur in our world. In Dorothy Allison’s journal, one can see how the author effectively conveys the ideas of art being personal and subjective, but fails at detailing how art can be subjective.
Understanding art is often thought of as being an unreachable goal, but art should not be considered arbitrary because it influences the cultures and societies around us. The purpose of this paper is to define and also establish my opinions on Pensacola Christian College’s (PCC) definition of art, the bibliosophy of art, and Dr. Francis Schaeffer’s criteria for art. These topics are useful for artists as well as anyone else critiquing art, and can also serve as guidelines and standards for an artist when they create art.
Art had played an important role in building up civilizations from all over the world through thousands of centuries. It is and will always still the way of projecting artists’ ideas and thoughts into meaningful and tangible objects which we called “work of art”. In addition, It was the path through all these years that dug its way to reach to our current century to show us the beauty of every single era starting from the Upper Paleolithic Period of time (42,000 – 8,000 BCE) reaching to our contemporary artists of today.
Philosopher Arthur Danto, author of “The Artworld,” an artistic criticism, states that “to see something as art requires something that the eye cannot descry—an atmosphere of artistic theory, a knowledge of the history of art: an artworld” (201). Artistic theory, according to Danto, requires the presence of a subject, style, rhetorical ellipses, and that of historical context. Danto is capable of developing this view on art with the aid of an imaginary character, Testadura. Testadura, however, makes mistakes, as well as corrections, about the objects before him.
Duchamp’s controversial art piece, Fountain, caused a critical shift in how the world views art. Many beliefs were challenged when he tried to submit the piece to the Society of Independent Artists, including the definitions of “art” and “artist”. From my observations, “art” and “artist” are entirely subjective. Everyone seems to have a different perspective, unique ideas about what art is to them. To me, art is altering something in some purposeful way--whether it be recombining materials to create an image, changing how we look at an object, or channeling and expressing emotion in a physical sense. Because this definition of art Art is not something that can be easily defined; due to this, it is hard to quantify what is and is not art. I
Although the idea of an artist creating work beyond their death might seem like a ludicrous thought to some, in reality, one might be surprised to find that the work of Sol LeWitt is still being manufactured after his late death in 2007. During the 1960s, Lewitt proposed the revolutionary claim that an idea itself could be art. Today, Lewitt’s legacy still manages to challenge the notion that art must physically manifest into an object. LeWitt’s conceptual art abolishes the art as an object as well as the artist’s physical labor in creating the artwork as intrinsic to the definition of art. Furthermore, his framework separates human agency from the mechanical aspects of actually making the work. In spite of what most people think, not all art is the unique product of a disciplined master. While many may argue that Lewitt created juvenile simple pieces, this artist actually introduced very complicated issues of authorship and authenticity into the conversation of art.
Whilst putting Adorno and Horkheimer’s essay, “The Culture Industry” and Benjamin’s “Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction” into conversation, a debate had been sparked regarding the issue of artistic individualism and uniqueness. Although, Adorno, Horkheimer, and Benjamin all seem to agree that the aura of art is rapidly declining in today’s modern age, they seem to differ in classifying the reason behind it. The aura refers to the “one-timeness” of the experience of a certain object, which can be possessed only by the original work of art itself, and therefore cannot be reproduced.
Arthur C. Danto in “The Artworld” provides us with the argument that, “To see something as art requires something that the eye cannot descry-an atmosphere of artistic theory, a knowledge of the history of art: an artworld.” Danto shows us the importance of the artworld in order to know that a work of art is more than just what we can plainly see. Danto provides two theories he calls the “IT” (Imitation theory) and the “RT” (Reality theory). With these two theories, Danto explains how we can define art and why “The Artworld” is needed to help understand art, because after all, “these days one might not be aware he was on artistic terrain without an artistic theory to tell him so.”
As literary critics, Plato and Aristotle disagree profoundly about the value of art in human society. Plato attempts to strip artists of the power and prominence they enjoy in his society, while Aristotle tries to develop a method of inquiry to determine the merits of an individual work of art. It is interesting to note that these two disparate notions of art are based upon the same fundamental assumption: that art is a form of mimesis, imitation. Both philosophers are concerned with the artist's ability to have significant impact on others. It is the imitative function of art which promotes disdain in Plato and curiosity in Aristotle. Examining the reality that art
Art is all around us. There are many different forms of art. It can be something created, captured, or it can be already existent. Not a single person is to say what makes something art because there is a different definition for everyone. However, there are a couple factors that come into mind whenever someone decides to declare something as art. In this essay I will be comparing and contrasting four different pieces of art. I will be discussing each art piece’s form, time period of creation, intention or purpose, and value. These four pieces of art are Michelangelo’s Pieta, Fountain by Marcel Duchamp, Mark Rothko’s No.61, and the “Oyster Dress” by Alexander McQueen. These works of art come in all different shapes and sizes but they are valued