Who Have the Been the Main Winners and Losers from Globalisation?

Globalization reduces poverty and brings up the life expectancy. According to the World Bank, in 1994 India's poverty headcount ratio was 45.3% and in 2012 it has gotten two times better. Another improvement is Ethiopia. the World Bank headcount poverty was 45.5% in 1995 a study in 2011 shows it has gone down 29.6%. Globalization has helped other countries build up their economy because once they have a factory that originated from a US company they can give jobs to people in the different country.

Globalization, especially economic globalization is one of greatest concerns of our generation that has more negative effects than it can benefit developing nations.. This is an economic system that has been conceived by capitalist nations, multinational, and the worlds largest cooperate bodies through carefully propagated policies to facilitate movement of their goods, products, investing capital, and ambitions. Their main driving tool is an idea called international free trade. What stimulates their interest is the ambition to get rich and richer. With the aid of communication, transport technological development, and other induced free trade, but unjust policies, economic globalization has gained a lot of grounds over the years. Very few developing nations have gained from it but majority of the developing nations continue to be penalized by the global economic village ideology. This is because the drive has not been balanced by intentions to give everyone

At this point of time, globalization has grown to be a phenomenon that is significantly important economically, politically, and culturally. The amalgamation and incorporation of the world economy around the globe has reshaped business. Not only this, it has created "new social classes, different jobs, unimaginable wealth, and, occasionally, wretched poverty" (Kiggundu 2002, p. 4) by restructuring the lives of the individuals. For some, globalization is associated to modernism and contemporary practices. Others understand it as American domination (particularly those living in Asia). On the other hand, some people believe it to be the emasculation of America (Kiggundu 2002, p. 4).

The world is not a large and strange place anymore. The world is a place that is interconnected and intertwined. The world has become from a place that each country and their peoples are separate and isolated to a place that each country and their peoples are part of a global network. Thanks to globalization this is occurring. Globalization is the ‘international integration” or ‘de-bordering’ – “a number of highly disparate observations whose regular common denominator is the determination of a profound transformation of the traditional nation-state” (Von Bogdandy 2). Globalization is connecting different people from different cultures and backgrounds together. More and more corporations are entering new foreign markets to sell their

To understand the policies and actions of not only our nation but of other nations as well, we as a people must understand the impact of globalization on the world. Credibility/Relevance Statement: I have always kept an eye on the economy throughout the time that I have know about its importance. I have also placed great lengths of time in researching and learning about the different aspects of the economic globalization to provide the best information for us to learn and use. Preview: I shall begin with the describing what Globalization is and its different eras, then move on to provide examples of Globalization and end the presentation with its impact on the United States’ actions and policies as well as its effects on citizens and the world as a whole. Transition:

What can two dollars buy you? A small coffee at Starbucks, a candy bar, bag of chips, and a soda, a slice of pizza. For nearly three billion people, approximately half of the world 's population, two dollars a day is all the money that the person has to live on. Moreover, of the 2.2 billion children in the world, 1 billion grow up in poverty; 640 million without adequate shelter, 400 millions with no access to safe water, and 270 million with no access to health services (UNICEF 2005). One proposed reason for this harsh reality of high poverty rates is globalization - the growing integration of economies and societies around the world. The claim that globalization generates poverty has been the focus of many debates for the last twenty

Globalization is a unique process which has resulted in the linking of different national economies and local cultures into one global system and significant intensification of worldwide social relations. Development in transportation and infrastructure, as well as technological advancement promoted global interconnectedness and interdependence, having removed the barriers separating the world. Globalization is a fairly recent phenomenon, and as Fichtelberg pointed out, it affects virtually everyone almost everywhere. (Fichtelberg, 2008, p. 3) People all over the world are absorbing aspects of other cultures and lifestyles, through sharing of ideas, food, and entertainment. Globalization intertwined local and global, local neighborhoods are being influenced by world money and commodity markets, operating at an indefinite distance away from that neighborhood itself. (Franko, 2013, p. 3)

In this essay, I will argue that the article “The Great Divide in the Global Village” by Bruce R. Scott provides more logical and factual evidence that helps under the complexity of national economic growth and development. Scott states a catching yet quick statement about how economical promises of the world, both domestic and foreign are misleading. He states “Mainstream economic thought promises that globalization will lead to a widespread improvement in average incomes.” However the evidence throughout the article that proves this statement is not valid. Scott’s main point revolves around this idea of globalization. Globalization can be defined as the process of increasing the connectivity and interdependence of the world 's markets and businesses. Globalization is the foundation of Scott’s article it lays the groundwork for countries to succeed or fail as explained by Scott in great detail. On the other hand, in the article “Why Nations Fail” by Daron Acemoglu and James A. Robinson they paint an extremely different projection that I will contrast and eventually show why it is inferior to Scott’s work.

Before reading a paper on globalization and the arguments for and against it, one must know the definition of globalization itself to fully understand the case. Globalization, according to the Global Workforce Project (2015), “Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world.” It is also important to note that globalization has been occurring for many years in global history, for example, the Silk Road that connected China and Europe in the Middle Ages. Though the Silk Road is considered history today, globalization has been growing, changing, and continuing since those days. As with anything in this world there are both supporters and protestors to globalization and its effects on the world economy, trade, people, and the environment. This paper will discuss the major points for each side of the argument and answer the question, for me personally, if globalization has been overall good, bad, or neutral. It will also discuss the IR theories on globalization.

In recent years, amongst all the claims and counterclaims, the argument over whether globalisation is a positive force or not has become rather controversial. Advocates claim globalisation facilitates economic growth, international financial integration, and cooperation between nations while critics vigorously argue that globalisation leads to a fierce exploitation of the labour class, a disparity between rich and poor, and a concentration of resources. Peng (2009) has indicated an innovative perception, the pendulum view, in order to emphasize both ups and downs of globalisation. As a pendulum, not only one direction swings, but also the other. The influence of globalisation

While there are many definitions of the term globalization, a critical and widely accepted theme involves the ‘compression’ of time and space and its effect on social relations (Peet, 1). This ‘shrinking’ of the world has caused both a rise in and an intensification of economic, cultural, and social interactions. These increased exchanges have helped foster growing interdependence and integration across the globe, particularly in trade and investment. Aside from adding immense complexity to the world, the forces of globalization have paradoxically helped create a semblance of global consciousness while at the same time fomenting varying degrees of dissonance. The nexus of these integrative and disintegrative effects of globalization coupled with the relative decline of the nation-state as the overwhelming source of power, influence, and authority have generated the increased need for global governance.

Globalization has impacted nearly every aspect of modern society. “While some U.S citizens may not be able to locate Beijing, China on a map, they certainly purchase an over whelming number of goods that were manufactured there.” (Keuper). Many professionals say there are a few drawbacks of globalization but in the end it is a benefit for global economy. It appears as though there may be one country to blame for a large amount of the development of globalization that we will discuss along with the benefits and detriments, as well as the general impact of globalization on our society.

Globalization can be seen as a major threat for manufacturing jobs in the developed world, however, can also be a benefit for developing world citizens who receive thousands of jobs a year although they don’t receive a high salary. Maurice Allais, a French economist states that this unemployment, of course, has only been able to develop because of the existence of low salaries and insufficient flexibility in the labor market (April 10th, 1999). This indicates that globalization has jeopardized Western countries jobs because companies are moving their establishments to developing countries where they don’t need to pay employees as much and where land is cheaper so overall businesses benefit from this. Also, employees in the developed world are at risk of becoming redundant as they are susceptible to face pay cuts in jobs. Employees are less skilled in the developing world as they don’t receive the benefit of an education like developed countries do. So a company may want to build factories in these countries because environmental laws aren’t as strict. Establishments in these areas provides promising jobs for the local people and allows them to learn new skills, however they are set on minimum wage which in developed world countries, this would not be enough to live on, wherein third world countries this is still a low amount so this is not enough to bring them out of poverty meaning that the only one who benefits from this is the company. Although there have been several arguments against exploitation and oppression, the majority of developing countries do not have existing laws which take minimum wage

At the same time, workers in industries such as manufacturing are losing their jobs. This happens because transnational corporations are able to pick and choose where their workers come from. Due to reduced trade barriers, these corporations can move factories out of Western countries such as Canada and the US and into countries without minimum wage laws or stringent labour practices. Cheap labour enables them to produce goods inexpensively and make higher profits. The result is an ever-increasing income gap between different kinds of workers.

Across the world, globalization is one of the most significant aspects that has occurred over the last fifty years. It allows a country to integrate economically with other countries through a global network comprised of people, trade, and transportation. With the global landscape only becoming more intertwined, globalization and its inherent pros and cons seem to be here to stay. In many areas, global powers tend to lack in rectifying the negative aspects and only focus on the positive side. America, for example, is a leader in the globalization efforts, even though it has greatly effected job opportunities at home, widening income gaps, and an increased standard of living due to fluctuating world markets.