Hypatia of Alexandria: Hypatia of Alexandria (350/370-415) was a mathematician and philosopher who “helped preserve Ptolemy’s Almagest and she wrote commentaries on Diophantus’ number theory and on the Conics of Apollonius.” (Hypatia Lessons) She was a daughter of Theon “astronomer and mathematician and the last to head the Museum at Alexandrian.” (Hypatia Lessons) He was also essential in spreading the works of Euclid and Ptolemy to future scholars. Hypatia gave lectures to her students about philosophy and mathematics at the same institute as her father as well as the possibility of giving lectures about the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle. Her students were all male and included both Christian and non-Christians alike. People came from …show more content…
The exact layout of the library or the extent of the collections is not known. In Alexandria Library of Dreams the author describes how Pseudo-Aristeas is one of the original sources that describes the size of the library. “He has Demetrious tell Ptolemy that the Library now has more than 200,000 books, but he hopes to bring it up to 500,000 before long. Tzetzes tells us that the Palace Library contained 400,000 “mixed” (symmigeis) books and 90,000 “unmixed” (amigeis.)”(Alexandria library of dreams, 351).Papyrus scrolls made up most of the collection in the library because papyrus only grew in the area around the Nile delta in Egypt. There was some controversy about the library taking books/scrolls from trade ships in order to copy their contents, but they kept the originals and gave the ships copies. (Picture) The stacks in the library was filled with works such as mathematics, astronomy, physics, natural sciences and other subjects, in several different versions in order to ensure accuracy. “The library pulled in copies of the past and present from all over the Mediterranean, the near east, and Mesopotamia, and upon all available subjects.” (Anceint_library, 1) Those documents were written in numerous languages and translated into Greek. The objective was to attract scholars all over the world to access the knowledge as well as create new knowledge (Anceint_library 2). There was also separate branches of the library, placed all over Alexandria. The library served as repositories for literature, and other important works due to the generosity of the Ptolemy’s. “Added to this was the Hellenistic appreciation for all knowledge not just Greek and Roman. Alexandria was ideally located between the East and West and became a place where ideas of the world were debated and discussed.” (Anceint_library 2) Alexandria was an international hub for trade, leading producer of
Throughout history women have faced many struggles in gaining equality with men. Freedoms and boundaries have been dependent upon the time period, rulers, religions and civilization. Ancient Greek women and Ancient Egyptian women were both equal to men as far as the law was concerned in certain areas; however, their equalities were different in the sense that Greek women were married out of necessity and viewed as property while Egyptian women were respected and loved by their husbands. Ancient Greek women and Ancient Egyptian women also both lived with limitations such as being thought of as domestic servants, yet these views solely depended on the time and polis.
Greeks invented the library. The first library ever built was in Egypt. During the time of Alexanders rule the Greeks colonized Egypt. There was a power struggle after Alexander’s death and the kingdom of Egypt then went to the rule of Alexander’s general Ptolemy. He started the construction of the first library and it had
One of the most striking differences between ancient Athenian women and ancient Egyptian women was the ability to hold positions of power. Egyptian women were monarchs and held other positions depending on their social status. (Capel 1996, 176) Women were allowed to participate in low ranking government jobs, especially during war when the men are off fighting and leaving behind their positions. However, these positions were not kept for long because the men upon return automatically earned their position back by being the superior sex (Watterson 1991,).
Just like any library, ancient special libraries, also known as archives, where created to preserve and keep records of specific materials, such as business documents that were written on clay tablets at that time or papyrus scrolls that were about personal or business matters. At first, general libraries were mainly focused on providing educational materials for the adult population; however, libraries have gone through great transformations. Now-a-days, the libraries’ purpose has widened and now they focus on providing any needed information, educational or leisure materials to people of all ages and types of their communities (Rowland, Collection). Also, now public libraries have partnerships with school libraries and academic
Thucydides’ Archidamus, the intellectual predeccesor to Plato and Aristotle “As for being slow and cautious- which is the usual criticism made against us- there is nothing to be ashamed of in that. If you take something on before you are ready for it, hurry at the beginning will mean delay at the end. Besides, the city in which we live has always been free and always famous. “Slow” and “cautious” can equally well be “wise” and “sensible”. Certainly it is because we possess these qualities that we are the only people who do not become arrogant when we are successful, and who in times of stress are less likely to give in than others.
Hyacinthus was a mortal in Greek mythology. Many names are given in the various myths as his parents; they include King Pierus of Macedon, or King Oebalus of Sparta, or King Amyclas of Sparta; and Clio. He was a beautiful young man who became the lover of the god Apollo, although he also had the affection of Zephyr, the god of the west wind. During a game of discus, Apollo threw the discus, and Hyacinthus ran after it trying to impress the god. However, he was struck by the discus and died. According to a different myth, it was Zephyrus who caused the death of the young man; jealous of his affair with Apollo he blew the discus to Hyacinthus' head, killing him. Apollo, distraught at the youth's death,
Hephaestus is the god of blacksmiths, fire, and crafting. Vulcan is his roman form. Hephaestus made many weapons for the gods, the most famous one is the arrows of Apollo and Artemis. After Apollo and Artemis birth, they demanded arrows, Hephaestus made them for him. He also made many other weapons for the gods like Aegis, a shield with a animal imprinted into it. It’s usually the face of Medusa.
One of the few things that I know about Alexandria Hu is from eighth grade: the boy sitting behind her pulled on her tank top and bra strap, and she turned around and slammed a Chinese textbook in his face so hard that the loud noise and gust of wind it created wiped the cocky smile off of his face and fluttered his gel-soaked hair. Mrs. Davidson, whose hearing was worsening in age, didn't notice the
Written descriptions and drawings of the Pharoe of Alexandria provide information about lighthouses, but the tower itself collapsed during an earthquake many centuries after its construction in the 3rd century BC by the Greeks. While the evidence provides insight into the exterior structure of these buildings, there are many gaps in evidence concerning less visible aspects. Locally available fuels will have included wood and probably coal to keep a fire going continuously during the night, and there is a large chimney leading to the top room at the Temple of Hercules. The example from Dover has been converted at some stage into a simple watchtower.
There is an ambiguity shown in all infamous characters, that consists of the acts of the characters and their deepest intentions. By taking the negative qualities of a character and changing them into their positive counterpart, one can form an entirely new perspective on that character. Consequently, stereotyping forces people to see only one side to a character. Cleopatra is cruel, seductive, and inhumane not because she took pleasure in portraying herself in this way, but because she wanted to keep her rightful position as queen and rule a successful kingdom without the threat of being killed off. Cleopatra's reputation has been altered in many different ways and her intentions just as so. Cultural influences from the past, her family, and
Throughout time, there have been deep misconceptions on who the fathers of philosophy and greatest contributors to civilization. In the 1954 book, Stolen Legacy, George James, a Guyanese historian and author, argued that the highly acclaimed Greek philosophy actually originated in ancient Egypt. James’ arguments on Ancient Egypt being the basis of Greek philosophy will be discussed as it relates to the goals of Egyptian theory of salvation and Egyptian Mystery system.
7). He wanted Egypt as part of his growing empire. Not long after in 323 BC, however, Alexander died and left this newly established city to his half brother and baby son. Alexander’s childhood friend, Ptolemy, soon came to rule over the city and Alexandria began rising. Ptolemy had plans for the city and began building innovative roads and two sea harbors. With these new developments, authors note, the “fundamental plan of the greatest city in the ancient world was complete.” Houses, slaves, cattle, and taxpayers were being taken from surrounding villages and given to the capital city of Alexandria. When Ptolemy’s son and successor (Ptolemy II) began his rule on the city, he, too, threw himself into developing Alexandria and created a currency that could be used to sell and trade. Structures were built, such as temples and the lighthouse, and Alexandria was becoming known as “the light of the world” (p. 92).
Hypnos, according to Greek and Roman mythology, was the God of sleep. Hypnos’s mother Nyx, was the goddess of night, and his father the god of darkness. Hypnos was described as a young, man with wings on his back, and along with his twin brother Thanatos(the god of death) under the training of his mother. Soon Hypnos learned to use his powers. Hypnos controlled when and where not only mortals but other gods slept and had the power to make them fall into slumber anytime he wanted. To do this, Hypnos sprinkled what some say an opium-like liquid or potion from a twig, or from a horn on them to put them to sleep. Others say this liquid may have been water from the river of oblivion in the underworld where hypnos dwelt.
Throughout The Golden Compass, there have been many encounters with Lyra and the Gyptians, and the people of Jordan College with her as well. Imagine putting yourself in Lyra’s shoes, interacting with the Gyptians and the people of Jordan College. What are some reasons why the interactions between them is different from each other? While you’re reading, think about those reasons you came up with, and compare them to the reasons in the essay. Furthermore, the ensuing of this essay will include the relationship between Lyra and Jordan College, and the relationship between Lyra and the Gyptains, all compared and contrasted in three ways with textual evidence from the novel. In the entire novel, the people of Jordan College are strikingly mature-like with Lyra (with the exception of Roger, etc). However, the Gyptian people are more acquaintance-like with her (they talk to her more as a friend rather
In the modern day Turkey, wide road of Marble slopes down to Celsus Ephesus Library, one of the ancient world libraries. In Ephesus, the library is one of the most beautiful structures. Construction of the building took place between 117AD and 135AD (Laale, 76). Vitruoya, a Roman architect designed the structure. The library was to memorize Celsus Polemeanus, a Roman senator, province of Asia General Governor. It was Julius Aquila-Celsus’ son initiative. Specifically Celsus loved books. The design of the library takes the form of Roman architecture (Francis, Jarzombek, & Prakash, 65). Celsus grave was under the ground floor inside a tomb of marble and in a lead container. The grave was across the entrance and over it was the Athena statue. This is because Athena was wisdom goddess. A significant element about the building is the storage of manuscript scrolls. They manuscripts scrolls were put in cupboards in the walls niches. Behind bookcase were double walls to prevent the scrolls from extreme humidity and temperature. The library had a capacity of over 12000 scrolls (Foss, 78). The other main reason for the library was as a monument for Celsus.