World War II And The Holocaust

“The United States recognizes the provisional Government as the de facto authority of the new State of Israel.” These are the words of President Harry Truman from a speech he gave shortly after Israel became a recognized nation in 1948. Consequently, the political leaders of the United States have brought America on a rough journey to the current state of foreign policy and relationship with Israel. Since 1948, the United States’ active position in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has seen very little change or progress towards achieving settlement between these two nationalistic states. In the last 65 years, the majority of U.S. presidents repeated mistakes made by their predecessors in office, and this in turn has had little

David Ben-Gurion (the head of the world Zionist Organization) made Israel a nation-state, in may of 1948. The jews had a goal to create a homeland in the Palestine area for many years, this goal grew after WW2. The violence towards the Jewish in WW2, the united nations decided what the jews had control of. They decided that Palestine was going to be split into sections, one for the jews, one for the Arabs, and another for the jerusalem and bethlehem. A vote was taken, and soon everyone signed it. The Arab-Israeli war of 1948 was resulted in Israel's independence. The war was between the Arabs and israel. There was tension between the jews and the muslim Arab for control of “their” land. The dividing of Palestine caused the tension to end and civil war erupted. This caused many palestine Arabs to flee and become refugees and 700 000 jews flee to Israel, because they were expelled from their country. Israel's independence caused tension to form and created more problems for the

In an effort to establish himself and his knowledge with international affairs, Carter immersed himself in learning about the Middle East and did a tour in 1973 through Israel, Palestine, Egypt, and Syria. Before the Camp David Accords, the situation between Israel and every other Middle Eastern country was delicate and heightened by constant guerilla attacks back and forth. While Israel had Western support, their successive militant governments established settlements along the Jordan River as well as military occupation throughout the West Bank and Gaza Strip pushing Palestinian refugees into Lebanon, Jordan, Syria, and the edge of the Gaza Strip. While occupying Palestinian lands in 1967, the United Nations issued Resolution 242 calling for Israel to withdrawal from lands acquired by war and work toward peace as well as settling the refugee problem.

In 1917, before the United Nations was even created, the British government published the Balfour Declaration which supported the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine (Immell 16). Inevitably, bad feelings were going to rise between the native Arabs of Palestine and this new Balfour Declaration that favored taking away some of Palestine land and setting it aside for Jewish immigrants.

Germany was demanded to pay harsh reparations for WWI because of the Treaty of Versailles, fueling Hitler's rise to power, and eventually the beginning of WWII and the holocaust. Germany was actually one of the first nations to get out of the great depression and its economy actually flourished under Hitler before the start of WWII and the holocaust. Woodrow Wilson and his supporters attempted to create an effective League of Nations, which was the basis for the modern UN. The United States economy grew very quickly and solidified their status as a world power; however the Great Depression obviously crushed it and the rest of the world’s economy. After the British and French pushed the Germans back at the first battle of the Marne, both sides

Theodor was The founfer Of the political form Of Zionist, which means the movement to establishe a jewish homeland. Growing up Theodor was rasied in a anti – Se,itic atmosphere, as he grew up he became a well know newspaper writer. Theodor is also very well know for his role as Jourmalist and a political activist. He promoted Immigration to Palestine in order to form a jesish state. In 1897 he orgamized a world congress of Zionist in swizerland becoming the first president of the worlds Zionist Organization. Herzl claimed that the Jews could gain acceptance in the world only if they stopped being an anomaly among nations. He asserted that the scattered Jews are one people. Herzl proposed to collect funds from Jews around the world by a company which would work toward settling Jews in Palestine. and securing a state. After Theorder Herzl died in 1904 soon after the conflict begain but Theorder Zionist organization has made many jews not give up fighting the palsinte

Former United States President Jimmy Carter has been influential in the Arab-Israeli peace process for many decades. His involvement began with brokering the Camp David Accords during his Presidency. His efforts to “wage peace” have continued through the founding of the Carter Center and been recognized through the winning of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize.

The world war two was one of the biggest disasters of all time. The World War 2 was a terrible event and millions of people died. It all was in role by one person and his name was Adolf Hitler. A little man with a lot of cruelness and hate. He ruled Germany and got them brainwashed with his effective method to speak. Hitler created the Nazi party with hate on all races, which was not Aryan race. This created holocaust. Holocaust was the start of the extinction of all other race then the Aryan race. Hitler had a dream about the third realm. In this realm, there was only going to be the strongest race. Therefor it all started every other race was haunted down and put to death.

Using his power as Prime Minister, Lloyd George persuaded the British Parliament to adopt the idea of the Zionists. Ultimately, the British government became the “recipient of the poisoned chalice of Jewish Palestine.” Subseqiently, the support of British law makers would pave way for the creation and publishing of the “most notorious document in the history of the Middle East: the Balfour Declaration.” The document produced in 1917 and encompassing obvious colonial ambitions, would set to liberate Palestine from crumbling Ottoman rule and place the land under the control of Great Britain. But that was just the literal meaning of the document. Underground, the British and the Zionist had come to a far more sinister agreement. According to Arthur Koestler, the Balfour Declaration meant that “one nation solemnly promised to a second nation the country of a third.” Nonetheless the declaration received majority approval and thus the period from 1920 to 1948 is known as the British Mandate era; during which the British failed to maintain peace and security throughout Palestine. Britain’s inaction and discharging itself from securing political stability in the Holy Land would result in the illegitimate creation of Israel. With the train now in motion, the World Zionist Congress went onto phase two of their plan and took

In his view, colonization and everything else depended on political achievements ” This arises from the importance Jabotinsky’s ideas and legacy has on Israeli Politics and American Jewish politics. In his direct testimony before the British Royal Commision on Palestine in 1937, he aims to point out the failed attempts and vast policy disagreements between the Jews and the British Government in regards to the Zionist Movement and its negative effects towards creating a Jewish State for Jews living in the diaspora. Although Jabotinsky’s views shifted frequently, in his testimony Jabotinsky arguments that there needs to be an immediate creation of a Jewish State. This demonstrates that in order to realize the aims of Zionism and build the Jewish national home, the Zionist movement must built political structures that could possibly assume state functions. The Jewish State would not have been accomplished if Herzl had not taken the initial steps to implement its political program and collaboration with other Zionist groups. Militarism is an essential aspect of Jabotinsky’s ideology influenced by the violence against the Jews which would not have arisen through spiritual or cultural ideologies. He asked for the legalization of a Jewish Regiment which would provide security to endangered Jews which

On May 14 1948, Israel declared its independence as a new state. A war that officially lasted approximately 19 months ended with the Israelis’ victorious and proud owners of a legal Jewish homeland. Despite the fact that there is a vast array of sources, especially with the opening of the Israeli and foreign archives, they are all immeasurably biased and all tend to have opposing opinions one nearly every aspect of both the Arab-Israeli conflict and War. A number of factors led to this outcome namely foreign involvement, military strength, impetus, leadership, and the lack of timing and preparation of the invading states. “The first war began as a civil conflict between Palestinian Jews and Arabs following the United Nations recommendation

In this book Michael Cohen concentrates on the last crucial years of the British Mandate, precisely on 1945-48. This book is a sequel of his earlier volume, the British retreat from the Mandate from 1936-45. The book describes the British, American and Zionist policy making process and these main characteristics and personalities based on mainly primary sources. As a general rule, during these years the British and the United States were constantly negotiating with each other about the problem. They had several committees and plans, take for instance the Anglo-American Report or the Morrison- Grady plan, but they were unable to form an ambiguous policy due to their domestic issues. The Arabs and the Zionists tried to influence the Great Powers’ decision making process from the peripheries in which the Zionists lobby seemed to be more successful. The will of the Arabs played an unimportant role. It has to be said that the impact of the Holocaust and the European refugee problem made the Zionists win in the long run. From 1947 onwards the Brits took a backseat and the Palestine issue remained in the hands of the United Nations. On 29, November, 1947 the General Assembly adopted the Resolution 181 which meant partition with the support of the Soviet Union and the United States. In fact, the Great Powers made a decision about Palestine, but they refused to carry it out by force. The implementation of the plan was left to the residents, which inevitably meant an armed

On the 13th of September, 1993, a seldom moment between Israeli Prime Minister, Yitzhak Rabin and Palestinian Liberation Organisation Chairman, Yasser Arafat marked a context in history. The Oslo Peace Accords had been written and signed by the two leaders – the newly found peace, marked with a single handshake. Unfortunately, this ideal of a non-violent and diplomatic future did not prevail. The peace process between Palestine and Israel failed due to the assassination of Yitzhak Rabin, subsequent to the handshake signalling the agreement. The continuity of this conflict initially caused by sovereignty and ultranationalism, has resulted in a current inability for both Palestine and Israel to come to terms with an agreeable, nonviolent, two state solution. The historical conflict between Palestine and Israel, the significance of the handshake, reactions, Rabin’s assassination and effects, as well as the current situation between Palestine and Israel will be discussed in order to account for the failure of the peace process.

The British failed to keep control of their mandate. This was due to the effects of the First World War which left Britain with food shortages and a lack of finance. They were unable to control Jewish immigration and the disturbances and conflict between the Jews and the Arabs, which forced the British to leave the Middle East as they believed that the United Nations would do a better job of keeping peace. On 29th November 1947 the United Nations voted in favour of a partition which planned to divide Palestine into three areas: an Arab state, a Jewish state and an International zone for the cities of Jerusalem and Bethlehem. The Jews agreed to the partition whereas the Arabs did not as they felt that the Jews were getting the larger share of land.

A major movement for Zionism began in 1896 when Theodor Herzl called for the creation of a Jewish state in his book Der Judenstaat (p. 30). The World Zionist Organization, with Herzl being its first president, was founded in 1897 (p. 31). Furthermore, he lobbied for their own bank, which was established in 1901 as the Jewish National Fund. Its mission was to buy and develop land for Jewish settlements in Palestine (p. 32). Having such organizations that looked out for the interests of Zionists and calling for creation of a Jewish state was critical to Zionism gaining more momentum. By 1914, thousands of Jews had already migrated to Palestine and made up about 14 percent of the population (p. 25).