UNDERSTANDINGTHE DYNAMICS OF OBJECT RELATIONS WITH KLEIN and WINNICOT Zeynep Yildirim Fricker
The unexamined life is not worth living.
Socrates
Introduction This is an introductory work to Psychodynamic Approaches. It aims to develop some understanding of the dynamics of the object relations, by presenting elements of both Klein and Winnicot’s approaches. Considering the size and the complexity of the subject, this essay should be considered as a summary of the summary.
Every theory is born from assumptions and these assumptions became core principles of that theory.
I therefore found it useful to explain the core assumptions of Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic Theories in part 1.
There are a few approaches to
…show more content…
These drives come from the “id”, seeking satisfaction and avoiding suffering.
Object relations emphasise the drive of seeking a relationship in addition to other drives. Fairbairn says that Libido is an object seeking impulse, rather than pleasure seeking (Grant and Crawley, 1999).
4th Assumption Epigenetic Development, in this the emphasis is on developmental stages, from womb to adolescence. In ageing human growth follows stages of development; experiences are accumulated in a particular order and each contributing to the structuring of personality. Every stage of development has its own duties to complete, hesitations and conflicts in the completion of these duties can cause fixations and stoppage, in the development of the personality. Psychodynamic therapy aims to start the process of resolving these conflicts and stoppages, and repairing stuck parts in order to achieve full development. In this process encouraging regression is a useful tool.
5th Assumption The mind is structured in 3 parts (i.e. tripartite). The id, ego and Super-ego., this was Freud’s idea and he suggested it in his Structure Theory.
The Id is the primitive, unchangeable and unconscious part of the mind it‘s drives are the most powerful in those of us that are seeking immediate gratification without any assessment, qualification or time boundaries. In psychodynamics, the id
In the counseling world today understanding psychodynamic approaches is more crucial than ever in the assessment and treatment of any psychological issue. Psychodynamic approaches such as Individual therapy, analytical therapy and psychoanalysis are similar in many ways but also differ based on the individuals own perception and circumstances. I will discuss the similarities as well difference’s and why these forms of therapy are critical in the assessment and treatment of clients.
Discuss what makes the psychodynamic approach unique. Refer to other approaches in your answer. (12 marks)
The understanding and belief of talking therapy underpins psychoanalysis and all other theories that developed from it.
ID, ego and superego. He said you were born with ID which was in your
The id is driven by the pleasure principle, which seeks immediate gratification of all needs, desires, and urges. The pleasure principle that drives the id strives to fulfill our most basic needs and primitive urges, such as hunger, thirst, emotions, and sex. When one or more of these needs or urges are not met, the result is a state of anxiety or stress. It is important to note that during infancy children are ruled entirely by the id, and as they age the other components of personality develop, allowing us to control the demands of the id and behave in socially acceptable ways (Cherry,
* P1 Explain the principal psychological perspectives applied to the understanding of the development of individuals
Among these therapeutic approaches are the psychodynamic approach and the existential approach. An example of existential approach psychotherapy is the person-centred therapy that was introduced by Carl Rogers in the 1940s. Person-centred therapy (PCT) focuses on the quality of the person-to-person therapeutic relationship; it places faith and gives responsibility to the client in dealing with problems and concerns (Corey, 2009, p. 30). On the other hand, for the psychodynamic approach, Sigmund Freud, the core founder of this approach developed psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a therapy aimed to treat mental disorder. It is a set of techniques for treating the unconscious causes of mental disorders; as well as to explain the underlying factors of how human personality and abnormality develop from childhood (Corey, 2009, p. 30). This paper examines the similarities and differences between psychoanalytic therapy and
The id is Freud’s definition of the irrational, animalistic part of the mind ("Structure of Mind: Freud's Id, Ego, & Superego"). Jack, the lead choir boy from the group, is a cruel, selfish, and primitive boy-- the perfect example of an id personality. In Lord of the Flies, this boy executes multiple actions which prove that he truly has an id personality. For example, Jack stops his
Depression is a symptom of a clear reluctance, lack of will and ability of man to get himself. The will of life is the energy that helps throughout a lifetime, the power that drives everything and everyone. No motivation and no desire for anything engine. Person who is in a state of depression, as he lost his motivation and energy to function in daily life in general. Such a reluctance may be due to many different reasons a person's various levels. Depression is characterized by a number of common symptoms, feelings of sadness, or feeling down in the dumps. It can leave you feeling continuously, like having the joy of life ripped away from you. To understand the on goings in the mind of the depressed and to find the source of the issue to resolve what are the of depression is problematic. Depression is a growing issue, while
Therapists basically explore avoidances, thoughts, feelings, relationships and life experiences. A patient sometimes may be aware of his condition but not be able to escape or explain it. Through the analysis of a patient’s early experiences of attachment figures and how they have affect him, he will be able to free himself from the bonds of past. To accomplish that, the psychodynamic therapy, focuses on interpersonal relations, on the affect and expression of emotions helping the patients through discussion to describe feelings which are troubling them and they do not recognise. Patients usually attempt to avoid distressing thoughts and feelings. At some cases, they present avoidance, defence and resistance by missing sessions or change the topic when certain ides arise. They also view the therapist with suspicion because they may have feelings of disapproval, rejection or even abandonment. This kind of therapy based on research has shown that leads to on-going change, even after it has ended.(Jonathan Shedler, American Psychologists;University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine; February–March 2010)
According to Freud, the id is unconscious, made up of instinctive drives or libidinal, subject to social interferences and driven by the pleasure principle. Therefore, id is fully and permanently unconscious. The ego is on the other hand, governed by reality principle where we adopt to our environment, natural and cultural world. It is sort of a defense mechanism that stores in unconscious state. The superego is again largely unconscious; it is a source of guilt or it is best described as conscience, acts as a moralizer, and constantly evolves with culture and community.
Mental Health Issues and the Psychodynamic Approach The psychodynamic approach highlights the importance of the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences, therefore practitioners of this approach will attempt to deal with the mental health issues of their patients by incorporating these ideas and creating ‘therapies’ using these bases. The basic concept behind psychoanalysis is that a patient that suffers from mental health problems such as depression can address any regressed feelings thus, the patient gains insight of and can learn to work through their emotional ‘baggage’. It is a generalised notion that if the cause of the symptoms were tackled it would only be logical that the
Freud’s structural model illustrates that within every individual there is tripartite structure consisting of the Id, Ego and Super Ego.
Throughout time the development of psychology has had many different theorists but I would like to explore these three particular theories.
Sigmund Freud created strong theories in science and medicine that are still studied today. Freud was a neurologist who proposed many distinctive theories in psychiatry, all based upon the method of psychoanalysis. Some of his key concepts include the ego/superego/id, free association, trauma/fantasy, dream interpretation, and jokes and the unconscious. “Freud remained a determinist throughout his life, believing that all vital phenomena, including psychological phenomena like thoughts, feelings and phantasies, are rigidly determined by the principle of cause and effect” (Storr, 1989, p. 2). Through the discussion of those central concepts, Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis becomes clear as to how he construed human character.