CS 5 Economics a.) the value of the first hectare of this park is equal tob.) the socially-efficient size of this park is equal toc.) the MWTP at the socially-efficient outcome is equal tod.) the total value of this park at the socially-efficient outcome isequal toe.) the total cost to provide the socially-efficient outcome is equaltof.) the net benefit of this park at the socially-efficient outcome is There are two consumer groups who consume a park: Consumer Group 1 and Consumer Group 2. Themarginal cost to provide the park is $9 per hectare. Assume there are no fixed costs.Hectares ofPark123456ConsumerGroup 1MWTP$15$12$9$6$3$0ConsumerGroup 2MWTP$6$5$4$3$2$1

Socially optimal efficiency refers to a state in which resources are allocated in a way that…

.) the value of the first hectare of this park is equal to .) the socially-efficient size of this park is equal to .) the MWTP at the socially-efficient outcome is equal to d.)the total value of this park at the socially-efficient outcome is equal to e.) the total cost to provide the socially-efficient outcome is equ to f) the net benefit of this park at the socially-efficient outcome is

.) the value of the first hectare of this park is equal to .) the socially-efficient size of this park is equal to .) the MWTP at the socially-efficient outcome is equal to d.)the total value of this park at the socially-efficient outcome is equal to e.) the total cost to provide the socially-efficient outcome is equ to f) the net benefit of this park at the socially-efficient outcome is

Micro Economics For Today

10th Edition

ISBN:9781337613064

Author:Tucker, Irvin B.

Publisher:Tucker, Irvin B.

Chapter14: Environmental Economics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5SQ: The perfectly competitive profit-maximizing firm in Exhibit 6 creates water and air pollution as a...

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Complete the accompanying table and answer the accompanying questions: a. At what level of the control variable are net benefits maximized? b. What is the relationship between marginal benefit and marginal cost at this level of the variable? Control variable Q Total benefits B(Q) Total cost C(Q) Net benefits N(Q) Marginal benefit MB(Q) Marginal cost MC(Q) Marginal Net benefits MNB(Q) 100 1200 950 210 60 101 1400 70 102 1590 80 103 1770 90 104 1940 100 105 2100 110 106 2250 120 107 2390 130 108 2520 140 109 2640 150 110 2750 160
For public goods such as bus service, sewage services, power grids,water systems, roads, vaccines, education, law and order, reliableknowledge, and many others, the marginal cost of providing anamount q, MC(q), is positive but decreasing. Suppose that thedemand curve for the good is D(q), i.e. D(q) is societal willingnessto pay for the marginal unit of the public good at level q, D(q) 0and D0(q) < 0. This problem asks you to compare several methodsof deciding how much q to provide.(a) Produce using the competitive rule, p = MC(q). The solutionis denoted qcomp ∗ .(b) Produce as a Monopolist, i.e. solvemaxq≥0 qD(q) - C(q):The solution is denoted qMon ∗ .(c) Produce so as to maximize social surplus from the industry, i.e.solve the problemmaxq≥0 [CS(q) + qD(q)] - C(q);where CS(q) = R0q[D(x) - D(q)] dx is consumer surplus. Thesolution is denoted qISS ∗ .(d) Produce so as to maximize the total social surplus, i.e. solve theproblemmaxq≥0 [B(q) + CS(q) + qD(q)] - C(q);
The perfectly competitive profit-maximizing firm in Exhibit 6 creates water and air pollution as a consequence of producing its output of pigs. If pollution costs are borne by third parties, the firm will maximize economic profit by choosing to a. voluntarily incur costs to reduce its pollution. b. produce at output rate Q3. c. produce at output rate Q2. d. produce at output rate Q4. EXHIBIT 6 Private and Social Cost
The accompanying table shows Tom and Ray's total willingness to pay for different amounts of public recreational areas (REC), which is measured in acres. The marginal cost of one acre of recreational area is $1,000. Tom's willingness to pay Ray's willingness to pay REC (acres) $2,000 $1,000 1 3,000 1,800 2 3,800 2,500 3 4,300 3,100 4 4,500 3,600 5 4,600 4,000 6 4,600 4,300 7 4,600 4,400 8 4,600 4,400 9 What is the socially optimal level of recreational areas? What should be the tax burden to Tom and Ray so that their consumer surpluses are equal?
You are an industry analyst that specializes in an industry where the market inverse demand is P = 200 - 5Q. The external marginal cost of producing the product is MCExternal = 10Q, and the internal cost is MCInternal = 16Q.Instructions: Enter your responses rounded to the nearest two decimal places.a. What is the socially efficient level of output? unitsb. Given these costs and market demand, how much output would a competitive industry produce? unitsc. Given these costs and market demand, how much output would a monopolist produce? unitsd. Which of the following are actions the government could take to induce firms in this industry to produce the socially efficient level of output.Instructions: In order to receive full credit, you must make a selection for each option. For correct answer(s), click the box once to place a check mark. For incorrect answer(s), click twice to empty the box. Pollution taxesunanswered Pollution permitsunanswered Nonrival consumptionunanswered
There are three firms, A;B; and C that produce electricity. The first two firms have the same per-megawatt cost of production equal to $2, while firm C has a per-megawatt cost of $1. The firms differ, however, in their pollution. Firms A, B, and C produce respectively 1, 2, and 3 cubic feet of carbon monoxide per megawatt produced. A cubic foot of carbon monoxide pollutes the environment, and has a social cost of $2.5. The demand for electricity is represented by the inverse demand function P (Mw) =100 - Mw, where Mw represents the megawatts consumed by the public. Suppose firms are not held accountable for the pollution they produce. What is the competitive equilibrium price and quantity in the market for electricity? (remember that in a competitive market the price will be driven down to marginal cost (since firms in a competitive market earn zero economic profit). How much pollution is there at the competitive equilibrium and what is the social cost of this pollution?
There are three firms, A;B; and C that produce electricity. The first two firms have the same per-megawatt cost of production equal to $2, while firm C has a per-megawatt cost of $1. The firms differ, however, in their pollution. Firms A, B, and C produce respectively 1, 2, and 3 cubic feet of carbon monoxide per megawatt produced. A cubic foot of carbon monoxide pollutes the environment, and has a social cost of $2.5. The demand for electricity is represented by the inverse demand function P (Mw) =100 - Mw, where Mw represents the megawatts consumed by the public. Suppose firms are not held accountable for the pollution they produce. Q1: What is the social cost at the pollution at the competitive equilibrium? and what is the socially optimal quantity of pollution?
There are three firms, A;B; and C that produce electricity. The first two firms have the same per-megawatt cost of production equal to $2, while firm C has a per-megawatt cost of $1. The firms differ, however, in their pollution. Firms A, B, and C produce respectively 1, 2, and 3 cubic feet of carbon monoxide per megawatt produced. A cubic foot of carbon monoxide pollutes the environment, and has a social cost of $2.5. The demand for electricity is represented by the inverse demand function P (Mw) =100 - Mw, where Mw represents the megawatts consumed by the public. Suppose firms are not held accountable for the pollution they produce. Suppose that government allows firms to trade their permits to emit carbon monoxide. Q1: What is the competitive price of a permit to emit 1 cubic foot of carbon monoxide? And how much electricity is produced after the permits are traded?
ACME Industries produces steel near a river that nearby residents liked to swim. A by-product of steel produced by ACME Industries is toxic sludge that pollutes the river. Demand for steel by consumers in tonnes is given by QD = 90 - 5p. The Private Margiinal Cost per tonne of steel produced ACME Industries is given by the supply curve QS = 25p. Each tonne of steel produced creates external marginal damage on Wimmera of $1.20 due to decreased water quality. The government is considering imposing a tax on the market to correct the externality. 1. Before the imposition of a corrective tax, the equilibrium price is: 2. Before the imposition of a corrective tax, the equilibrium quality is: 3. To correct the externality, the government should tax per tonne of steel produced equal to:
ACME Industries produces steel near a river that nearby residents liked to swim. A by-product of steel produced by ACME Industries is toxic sludge that pollutes the river. Demand for steel by consumers in tonnes is given by QD = 90 - 5p. The Private Margiinal Cost per tonne of steel produced ACME Industries is given by the supply curve QS = 25p. Each tonne of steel produced creates external marginal damage on Wimmera of $1.20 due to decreased water quality. The government is considering imposing a tax on the market to correct the externality. 4. Following imposition on collective tax, the equilibrium quality is: 5. What is the deadweight loss that occurs if the collective tax is not imposed? 6. What fraction of the economic incidence of the tax falls on steel consumers?
Public Goods. Suppose a neighborhood in Segovia’s central business area is deciding how many fountains they want to see in the main avenue. There is a first group of 20 neighbors and each has a demand Q = 20 − P for fountains. There is a second group of 5 people, and each has a demand Q = 20 − 2P for fountains. The cost of building each fountain is 225. How many fountains are socially optimal? Fountains are public goods. Hint: To obtain the SMB, please first transform the demand functions into “public goods’ valuations” (“isolate P”) and then multiply them by the amount of neighbors per group. Then you can proceed with the vertical summation.
For a product with external benefits like vaccines (positive externality),which of the following is true?Select one: Oa. The market equilibrium results in too much of the good compared to what is optimalOb. The market equilibrium results in too little of the good compared to what is optimal.Oc. The market will not provide the good; it must be publicly funded.O d. Large economies of scale work as a barrier to firm entry.