(1) Consumption function: C = 100 + .8Y, (2) Planned investment: I = 38 (3) Government spending: G = 75 (4) Exports: EX = 25 (5) Imports: IM = .05 Y4 (6) Disposable income: Y= Y-T (7) Taxes: T= 40 (8) Planned aggregate expenditure: AE = C + I+ G+ EX– IM (9) Definition of equilibrium income: Y = AE
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- Suppose governments increase spending for Social Security pensions. Explain why the increased government spending for pensions will not appreciably increase government purchases of productive resources or the products of business firms.Suppose an economy is described by the following equations: Y = C + I + G + X – M C = 14 + 0.60Yd I = 20 G = 20 X = 15 M = 5 +0.1Y T = 20 + 0.4Y Where Y is domestic income Yd is private disposable income C is aggregate consumption spending T is government tax revenue I is investment spending G is government spending E represents exports M represents imports of goods and services. (a) If the equilibrium national income is less than the full-employment level of income by N$100, what should be the increase in government spending or in exports to attain the full-employment level of income? (b) With a help of a diagram explain and discuss life cycle hypothesis.Suppose a closed economy with no government spending or taxing is capable of producing an output of $3,000 at full employment. Suppose also that autonomous consumption is $400, intended investment is $200, and on average households will save 25 cents of every additional dollar of income they receive. Calculate the following (express your answers as whole numbers without decimals, commas, dollar signs, or anything else). I found Value of output (Y) in equilibrium: ___2400___ Total consumption in equilibrium: ___2200___ I'm trying to find the multiplier. Could you show me a step by step on how you would figure the multiplier out?
- Assuming you are the Minister of Finance and Economic Planning for Nigeria, in charge of Fiscal Policy. The Research Director of the Ministry brought you the following data on Nigeria’s for the previous fiscal year, 2021. An examination of the data reveals that, during the fiscal year 2021, households in Nigeria saved 20% of their disposable income (Yd) and spent the rest on consumption. In addition, ₦5,000.00 was spent on Consumption expenditure (C), which is independent of income and Gross Private Investment (I) was ₦ 7,000.00. Total Government expenditure (G) which stood at ₦8,000.00 was supposed to be financed by a lump sum tax of ₦2,000.00 (independent of income) and a proportional tax rate of 25% of national income. Exports (X) stood at ₦2,500.00. In addition, the country’s import (M) during the previous fiscal year comprises of ₦1,000.00 which was independent of the country’s national income and 10% which was dependent of the country’s national income. Given these data on…Suppose autonomous consumption in an economy is $3 trillion, the MPC is 0.8, government spending is $700 billion, investment equals $600 billion, and net exports equal -100 billion. Calculate the equilibrium output value for this economy.The private consumption of Macroland is given by C=500+0.75Y and the private investment function is given by I=400−1000r, where r is the interest rate and Y is the GDP. The planned aggregate expenditure can therefore be written as PE=C+I=900+0.75Y−1000r. The equilibrium in the goods and services market happens when the planned expenditure is equal to the actual expenditure, or PE=Y Find the equilibrium GDP by solving the system of equations PE=900+0.75Y-1000r PE= Y for Y and PE. Note your solutions will depend on r! 1. Plot your solution for Y in a diagram measuring Y on the horizontal axis and r on the vertical axis. This curve is called the IS curve.
- Consider the hypothetical country of Kejimkujik. Suppose that national income in Kejimkujik is $300 billion, households pay $100 billion in taxes, household consumption is equal to $160 billion, and the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is 0.6. On the following graph, use the blue line (circle symbol) to plot the economy's consumption function. Consumption Function050100150200250300350400450500500450400350300250200150100500CONSUMPTION (Billions of dollars)DISPOSABLE INCOME (Billions of dollars) Suppose now that Kejimkujik’s national income increases to $330 billion. Assuming the amount paid in taxes is fixed at $100 billion and that MPC = 0.6, what is the new amount of household consumption? $148 billion $219.4 billion $220.6 billion $178 billionin 2019 fiscal year estimated that Ghanaians saved 20 percent of their disposable income; however, due to overconsumption in the previous year, autonomous saving for 2019 was negative 100 million Ghana cedis. The government of Ghana imposed a lump sum tax of Gh ₡ 20 million. In addition to the lump sum tax the government also took 20 percent of all incomesearned in the economy in the form of proportional tax. The total government expenditure was GH ₡50 million in 2019. Total investment recorded for 2019 was 66 million. (A) Determine the tax function for this economy, derive the consumption function based on the above information and write out the aggregate demand equation (b) Determine the equilibrium consumption and calculate the value of the government expenditure multiplier for this economy and interpret your result (c) Calculate the total tax revenue to the governmentThe MPC is Group of answer choices the change in consumption divided by the change in income. consumption divided by income. the change in saving divided by the change in income. the change in consumption divided by the change in saving.
- In an economy, autonomous consumption expenditure is $50 billion, investment is $200 billion, and government expenditure is $250 billion. The marginal propensity to consume is 0.7 and net taxes are $250 billion. Exports are $500 billion and imports are $450 billion. Assume that net taxes and imports are autonomous and the price level is fixed. What is the consumption function? What is the equation of the AE curve? Calculate equilibrium expenditure. Calculate the multiplier. If investment decreases to $150 billion, what is the change in equilibrium expenditure? Describe the process in part (e) that moves the economy to its new equilibrium expenditure.Suppose that the federal government has decided to build a new bridge over Lake Washington. The environmental impact review of two methods of construction is part of the implementation lag. decision lag. information lag. multiplier lag.Suppose that autonomous consumption (a) is 200, private investment spending (I) is 340, government spending (G) is 300, Net taxes (T) are 300 and marginal propensity to consume (b) is 80 %, and marginal tax rate (t) is 25 %. By using the above information: a) Find the equilibrium value of national income (you can take the approximate value if necessary b) Find out the effects of an increase in government expenditure by100 c) Just find the new national income equilibrium level when the marginal tax rate is increased to 30 % and the marginal propensity to consume is increasing to 0.9. (you can give the numerical value approximately )