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- Contrast early and late-onset Alzheimer disease. What are three genes associated with the inheritance of susceptibility to early-lonset Alzheimer disease?Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion The "laminae of Rexed" refer to: a. parts of the cerebral cortex stained by the Nissl method b. territories of the spinal cord gray matter stained by the Nissl method c. layers of the thalamus stained by the Nissl method d. none of the aboveDescribe the function of neurotransmitters and provide one or two examples: This part of the brain controls speech?
- Ocular dominance columns result from competition between LGN neurons of the opposite eyes for Stellate cells . (a) What is the key "ingredient" that enables a neuron to successfully compete for Stellate cells? (b) How is this ingredient demonstrated by Hubel and Wiesel using cats? (c) How is this ingredient demonstrated in more recent experiments using a toxin?What could be the reason why the cerebellum of the frog/toad is relatively smaller compared to those found in birds and mammals?Looking at Fig. 3a and 3b, how do you know that 3a has a significant difference and that Fig. 3b does not? In the euthyroid HT induces ultrastructure changes in frontal synapses section of the results section the authors wrote “Quantitatively, the ultrastructure of the frontal lobe neurons revealed lower synaptic density (Fig. 5c), fewer presynaptic vesicles (Fig. 5d), shorter active zone length (Fig. 5e), thinner postsynaptic densities (Fig. 5g), and decreased synaptic curvature (Fig. 5h) in the HT mice compared with those in the Con mice.” Based on this quote would you expect nerve transmission to be faster or slower in HT mice?
- When Sperry and colleagues ablated the dorsal RGCs, the remaining ventral RGCs projected to the dorsal tectum. Conversely, when they ablated the ventral RGCs, the remaining dorsal RGCs projected to the ventral tectum.Ephrins and Ephs are distributed in dorsoventral gradients in both structures. EphB1 is expressed in the tectum, in a low-dorsal to high-ventral gradient. Ephrin-B1 and ephrin-B2 are expressed in the retina in a high-dorsal to low-ventral gradient. What do these expression patterns suggest about the mechanism used for dorsoventral patterning of RGCs projecting to the tectum?What is Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)? What connection does it have to exercise, nature and cellphones?We know that short term habituation is due to changes in the presynaptic sensory neuron. What possible changes could explain the results of Kandel’s experiment? Which possibility currently has the most experimental support?