1. Are electric field vectors always perpendicular to equipotential lines? Why or why not?

Physics for Scientists and Engineers
10th Edition
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Chapter24: Electric Potential
Section24.1: Electric Potential And Potential Difference
Problem 24.1QQ: In Figure 24.1, two points and are located within a region in which there is an electric field....
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Please provide an adequate explanation.
1. Are electric field vectors always perpendicular to equipotential lines? Why or why not?
2. If we introduced a negative test charge into our disc-rod system, where do we expect the charge to go? Why?
3. Suppose that we configured the system such that the rod has the higher potential than the disc:
a. Which region(s) will have the strongest and weakest electric fields? Why?
b. What will be the general direction of the electric field?

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