1. Consider an economy described by the following equations; Y = C + I + G +NX Y = 5,000 G = 1,000 T = 1,000 C = 250 + 0.75(Y–T) I = 1,000 – 50r NX = 500 – 500ε r = r * =5% a) In this economy, solve for national saving, investment, trade balance and the equilibrium exchange rate. b) Suppose now that G rises to 1,200. Solve for national saving, investment, trade balance and the equilibrium exchange rate and trade balance.
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1. Consider an economy described by the following equations;
Y = C + I + G +NX
Y = 5,000
G = 1,000
T = 1,000
C = 250 + 0.75(Y–T)
I = 1,000 – 50r
NX = 500 – 500ε
r = r
*
=5%
a) In this economy, solve for national saving, investment, trade balance and the equilibrium
exchange rate.
b) Suppose now that G rises to 1,200. Solve for national saving, investment, trade balance and
the equilibrium exchange rate and trade balance.
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- 1. Suppose the labor market is initially at its equilibrium, i.e., labor supplied equals labor demanded. Explain and show graphically the effects of an increase in the economy’s capital stock. Please draw the full graph and provide a detailed explanation of the effect. Label the axes and explain why either the labor demand curve or the labor supply curve shifts. 2. Suppose the goods market is initially at its equilibrium, i.e., the desired level of national saving equals the desired level of investment. Explain and show graphically how an increase of the effective tax rate on capital goods affects the goods market equilibrium. Please draw the full graph and provide a detailed explanation of the effect. Label the axes and explain why either the saving curve or the investment curve shifts.Suppose that GDP is $8 billion, taxes are $1.5 billion, private saving is $0.5 billion, and public saving is 0.2 billion. Assuming the economy is closed, calculate the size of:(i) Consumption (ii) Investment (iii) Government Spending (iv) National Savings b. Explain the difference between saving and investment as defined by a macroeconomist. c. Which of the following situations in c (i) & c (ii) represent investment? Saving? Explain(i) Your family takes out a mortgage and buys a new house. (ii) You use your paycheque to buy stock in Sagicor Financial Services.For this problem, assume exports equal zero and that firms did not purchase any plant or equipment in the years specified. Suppose in the year 2015, firms in this this country produced 4,000 million widgets, all of which they planned on selling. (In other words, firms were not planning on any changes to their inventories.) Of those 4,000 million widgets, households purchased 3,000 million, and government purchased 750 million. In 2015, what were firm’s planned investments equal to? In 2015, what were firm’s actual investments equal to? (explain). In 2015, what was the relationship between planned expenditures and actual expenditures? (Explain and use numbers) In 2015, what was the relationship between actual expenditures and the amount of output (widgets) produced? All else equal, what will firms likely do in the following year?
- 2. Saving and investment in the national income accounts The following table contains data for a hypothetical closed economy that uses the dollar as its currency. Suppose GDP in this country is $1,800 million. Enter the amount for government purchases. National Income Account Value (Millions of dollars) Government Purchases (G�) Taxes minus Transfer Payments (T�) 585 Consumption (C�) 675 Investment (I�) 675 Complete the following table by using national income accounting identities to calculate national saving. In your calculations, use data from the preceding table. National Saving (S)National Saving (�) = = G - TG - T = = I� million Complete the following table by using national income accounting identities to calculate private and public saving. In your calculations, use data from the initial table. Private SavingPrivate Saving = = = = million Public SavingPublic…54. Consider the long-run theory of investment, saving, and growth. Which of the following statements concerning national saving is true? An increase in the rate of saving will lead to a short-run reduction in national income, but to higher economic growth in the long run. A country's saving rate is unrelated to its growth rate. An increase in the rate of saving will lead to a reduction in consumption and therefore to both a short-run and a long-run decrease in national income. An increase in the rate of saving will cause an immediate increase in national income, but may cause a drop in national income in the long-run. An increase in the rate of saving will always be offset by a reduction in private investment.Suppose GDP is $10,000 trillion, taxes are $1,500 trillion, consumption is $6,000 trillion, and government expenditure is $1,700 trillion. Investment is a function of the interest rate such that it is represented by the following equation (in trillions): ? = 3,300 − 100 ∗ ?Where i is the world real interest rate, expressed as a percentage. Us this information to calculate private savings, public savings, national savings, and the equilibrium real interest rate.
- 1) In the loanable funds market model, assuming everything else is constant, which curve (supply of funds or demand for funds) is affected if there is an increase in national saving? How will equilibrium real interest rate and equilibrium quantity of loans change as a result?21. Assume that we are at the natural rate of GDP, meaning we do not have a recession or an expansion, and then the Central Bank raises interest rates, how can this create a recession (A) our business investments will increase and our exports will decrease (B) our business investments will decrease and our exports will increase C) our business investments will decrease and our exports will decrease (D) our business investments will increase and our imports will increaseAssume that GDP ( y) is 6.000. Consumption (C) is given by the equation C= 600 + 06(Y-T). Investment (I )is given by the equation I=2,000- 100r, where r is the real rate of interest in percent. Taxes (T) are government spending (G) is also 500 a. What are the equilibrium values of C, I, and r? b) What are the values of private saving, public saving, and national saving? ·
- The following table contains data for a hypothetical closed economy that uses the dollar as its currency. Suppose GDP in this country is $1,540 million. Enter the amount for government purchases. National Income Account Value (Millions of dollars) Government Purchases (GG) Taxes minus Transfer Payments (TT) 455 Consumption (CC) 700 Investment (II) 490 Complete the following table by using national income accounting identities to calculate national saving. In your calculations, use data from the preceding table. National Saving (S)National Saving (S) = = (y-t-g, g-t, y-c, y-c-g) = = (C,G,Y,I) $ ______millionThe following table contains data for a hypothetical closed economy that uses the dollar as its currency. Suppose GDP in this country is $1,175 million. Enter the amount for government purchases. National Income Account Value Government Purchases (GG) Taxes minus Transfer Payments (TT) 225 Consumption (CC) 625 Investment (II) 300 Complete the following table by using national income accounting identities to calculate national saving. In your calculations, use data from the preceding table. National Saving (S) = = $ million Complete the following table by using national income accounting identities to calculate private and public saving. In your calculations, use data from the initial table. Private Saving = = $ million Public Saving = = $ million Based on your calculations, the government is running a budget (a. surplus, b. deficit).The following table contains data for a hypothetical closed economy that uses the dollar as its currency. Suppose GDP in this country is $1,680 million. Enter the amount for investment. National Income Account Value (Millions of dollars) Government Purchases (GG) 400 Taxes minus Transfer Payments (TT) 360 Consumption (CC) 1,000 Investment (II) Complete the following table by using national income accounting identities to calculate national saving. In your calculations, use data from the preceding table. National Saving (S)National Saving (S) = = = = million Complete the following table by using national income accounting identities to calculate private and public saving. In your calculations, use data from the initial table. Private SavingPrivate Saving = = = = million Public SavingPublic Saving = = = = million Based on your calculations,…