1. In an investigation of environmental causes of disease, data were collected on the annual mortality rate (deaths per 100 000) for males in 61 large towns in England and Wales. In addition, the water hardness was recorded as the calcium concentration (parts per million, ppm) in the drinking water. Below, we provide some descriptive statistics for both variables, i.e. mortality and calcium concentration. (a) For each variable (i.e. calcium concentration and mortality) describe its distribution in shape. (b) For each variable, are there any outliers in the sample? (Explain.) (c) Suppose that the towns in the sample are either South or North of Derby.
1. In an investigation of environmental causes of disease, data were collected on the annual mortality rate (deaths per 100 000) for males in 61 large towns in England and Wales. In addition, the water hardness was recorded as the calcium concentration (parts per million, ppm) in the drinking water. Below, we provide some descriptive statistics for both variables, i.e. mortality and calcium concentration. (a) For each variable (i.e. calcium concentration and mortality) describe its distribution in shape. (b) For each variable, are there any outliers in the sample? (Explain.) (c) Suppose that the towns in the sample are either South or North of Derby.
Calculus For The Life Sciences
2nd Edition
ISBN:9780321964038
Author:GREENWELL, Raymond N., RITCHEY, Nathan P., Lial, Margaret L.
Publisher:GREENWELL, Raymond N., RITCHEY, Nathan P., Lial, Margaret L.
Chapter13: Probability And Calculus
Section13.3: Special Probability Density Functions
Problem 15E: Describe the standard normal distribution. What are its characteristics?
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1. In an investigation of environmental causes of disease, data were collected on the annual mortality rate (deaths per 100 000) for males in 61 large towns in England and Wales. In addition, the water hardness was recorded as the calcium concentration (parts per million, ppm) in the drinking water. Below, we provide some
(a) For each variable (i.e. calcium concentration and mortality) describe its distribution in shape.
(b) For each variable, are there any outliers in the sample? (Explain.)
(c) Suppose that the towns in the sample are either South or North of Derby.
Transcribed Image Text:Histogram of calcium
Histogram of mortality
10
20
10
4.
2.
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
calcium
mortality
Frequency
25
Ápuanbej-
Transcribed Image Text:> summary(calcium)
Min. 1st Qu.
Median
Mean 3rd Qu.
Маx.
5.00
14.00
39.00
47.18
75.00 138.00
> summary(mortality)
Min. 1st Qu.
Median
Mean 3rd Qu.
Max.
1096
1379
1555
1524
1668
1987
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