1. Let the (pre-tax) price level P equal 1. Let W denote the nominal wage rate and L denote the number of hours worked. Suppose the income tax rate is th (a) Suppose that L equals 100. Calculate after-tax income (after-income tax income). (b) Suppose the sales tax rate (the tax rate on consumption) is denoted to . Suppose that, with the pre-sales tax P equal to 1, the price of goods equals (1+ tc). Calculate after-tax real (labour) income (this after-tax variable depends on both tax rates). Explain, in words, what this after-tax real income variable measures.
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- Interpret the following results with (UR) uemployment rate as dependent variable and (INF) inflation as the independent variable.Consider an economy that experiences an outflow of working age people and a decline in aggregatelabour supply as a result. Suppose the aggregate labour demand curve is not affected by this change.(a) Explain, with the aid of the labour-market-equilibrium diagram, how this will affect the equilibriumreal wage and the full-employment level of employment. (b) Explain, with the aid of three separate IS-LM-FE diagrams, how this will affect real output, realinterest rate and the general price level in three steps:(i) before the general price level adjusts;(ii) when the general price level is adjusting;(iii) after the price adjustment process is completed.Is the general price level increasing or decreasing during the price adjustment process? Explain theintuition of your answer with reference to the AD-AS framework.Part B Consider an economy that experiences an outflow of working age people and a decline in aggregatelabour supply as a result. Suppose the aggregate labour demand curve is not affected by this change.(a) Explain, with the aid of the labour-market-equilibrium diagram, how this will affect the equilibriumreal wage and the full-employment level of employment. (b) Explain, with the aid of three separate IS-LM-FE diagrams, how this will affect real output, realinterest rate and the general price level in three steps:(i) before the general price level adjusts;(ii) when the general price level is adjusting;(iii) after the price adjustment process is completed.Is the general price level increasing or decreasing during the price adjustment process? Explain theintuition of your answer with reference to the AD-AS framework.
- Between 1929 and 1933, NNP measured in current prices fell from $96 billion to $48 billion. Over the same period, the relevant price index fell from 100 to 75. a. What was the percentage decline in nominal NNP from 1929 to1933?b. What was the percentage decline in real NNP from 1929 to 1933? Show your work.Calculate GNP at Factor cost using given information:- Compensation to employees= $1200 Operating surplus = $700 Mixed income of the self employed = $60 Net factor income to abroad = $40 Consumption of fixed capital = $777 Aggregate labour hours, L, are given by L = 51*(1-t), where 't' is the rate of income tax. The real wage rate is fixed and equal to 1. At what tax rate is tax revenue maximised? State your answer to 2 decimal places.
- a) Which of the following is not true? Frictional unemployment on the labor market arises from a lack of information in the labor market Cyclical unemployment exists because of a recession It is logically impossible for both the unemployment and the employment rates to both simultaneously increase or decrease together Structural unemployment exists because of mismatched worker skills and job availability Full employment requires that no cyclical unemployment exists on the labor market b) Suppose we have the following: (4th order) Value of trees $5 per tree and 1,000 tree harvested; (3rd order) 1,000 trees fabricated in to $25 wood pulp per ton (1,000 tons): (2nd order) 50,000 rolls of facial tissue ($10 each); (1st order consumer goods) of 30,000 boxes of Kleenex tissue at Safeway for $1 each. Which of the following it the correct calculation of GNP? $540,000 $400,000 $450,000 30,000 None of the above is correctAssume the unemployment rate is 8.0%. Also, assume that the natural rate of unemployment is 5%. If frictional unemployment is twice that of structural unemployment, then how much is frictional unemployment? Expressed as a whole number: no percentage sign.You have the following information:employee compensation $3.5 trillionnet interest $1.3 trillionrental income $2 trillionproprietor's income $2.6 trillioncorporate profits $3 trillionindirect business taxes $0.8 trilliondepreciation $1 trillionNet national product is equal to $___ trillion
- In a country called Uncle Sam Land (USL), the labor demand curve is given by:W = K- 4LWhere W is the wage rate, K is a variabledetermined by accumulated capital stock in thecountry, and L is the labor force in the country.K= 50 is supplied by the capitalists.If the labor force in this country goes up from 10 to 11, what happens to the national income in USL?National Income = income of all workers + income of all capitalists.Select one:a. Does not changeb. Goes down by 44c. Goes up by 8d. Goes up by 26e. None of the above.Suppose a firm’s hourly marginal product of labor is given by MPN = A (200 – N) If A = 0.2 and the real wage rate is $10 per hour, how much labor will the firm want to hire? Suppose the real wage rate rises to $20 per hour. How much labor will the firm want to hire? With the real wage rate at $10 per hour, how much labor will the firm want to hire if A rises to 0.5?Please no written by hand solutions Suppose that the markup of goods prices over marginal cost is 5%, and that the wage-setting equation is W= P(1-u), where u is the unemployment rate. a. What is the real wage, as determined by the price-setting equation? b. What is the natural rate of unemployment? c. Suppose that the markup of prices over costs increases to 10%. What happens to the natural rate of unemployment? Explain the intuition behind your answer.