1. The electrode potential for the electrode Cl | Clae | Pt is given by Ecel/V = 1.484 867 + (3.958 492 x 10*)(T/K) – (2.750 639 x 10*)(T/K)² In the range 273-373 K. Calculate E°cell, the standard reaction Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy at 25°C.
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- The standard reaction enthalpy of Zn(s) + H2O(g) → ZnO(s) + H2(g) is approximately constant at +224 kJ mol-1 from 920 K up to 1280 K. The standard reaction Gibbs energy is +33 kJ mol-1 at 1280 K. Assuming that both quantities remain constant, estimate the temperature at which the equilibrium constant becomes greater than 1.Calculate the % relative error in solubility by using concentrations instead of activitiesfor Fe(OH)2 in 0.0500 M KNO3 (give the source for thermodynamic solubility).The solubility of mercury(I) iodide is 5.5 fmol dm-3 (1 fmol = 10-15 mol) in water at 25 °C. What is the standard Gibbs energy of dissolution of the salt?
- From information in the Resource section, calculate the standard Gibbs energy and the equilibrium constant at (i) 25 °C and (ii) 50 °C for the reaction CH4(g) + 3 Cl2(g) ⇋ CHCl3(l) + 3 HCl(g). Assume that the standard reaction enthalpy is independent of temperature. At 298.15 K ΔfG⦵ (CHCl3(l)) = −73.7 kJ mol−1 and ΔfH⦵ (CHCl3(l)) = −134.1 kJ mol−1.7.5(a) The standard reaction enthalpy of Zn(s) + H2O(g) → ZnO(s) + H2(g) is approximately constant at +224 kJ mol−1 from 920 K up to 1280 K. The standard reaction Gibbs energy is +33 kJ mol−1 at 1280 K. Estimate the temperature at which the equilibrium constant becomes greater than 1.The dissociation vapour pressure (the pressure of gaseous products in equilibrium with the solid reactant) of NH4CI at 427 °C is 608 kPa but at 459 °C it has risen to 1115 kPa. Calculate (a) the equilibrium constant. (b) the standard reaction Gibbs energy, (c) the standard enthalpy, (d) the standardentropy of dissociation, all at 427 °C. Assume that the vapour behaves as a perfect gas and that ΔHΘ and ΔSΘ are independent of temperature in the range given.
- A reaction mixture (mixture 1) at 298 K has a N2O4(g) partial pressure of 0.1 bar anda NO2(g) partial pressure of 0.05 bar. Calculate the reaction Gibbs energy (∆??) formixture 1 at 298 K. A second reaction mixture (mixture 2) is prepared at 298 K with a N2O4(g) partialpressure of 0.05 bar and a NO2(g) partial pressure of 0.10 bar. (i) Calculate the reaction Gibbs energy (∆??) for mixture 2 at 298 K. (ii) Comment on the spontaneity of the forward reaction for mixture 1 and mixture 2.Support your answer with the values of ∆?? calculated for the two mixtures. please give solution and answerCalculate the masses of (i) Ca(NO3)2 and, separately, (ii) NaCl to add to a 0.150 mol kg−1 solution of KNO3(aq) containing 500 g of solvent to raise its ionic strength to 0.250.The equilibrium pressure of hydrogen H2 over solid uranium U and solid uranium hydride UH3 at 500 K is 139 Pa. Calculate the standard Gibbs energy of formation of UH3 (s) in the reaction: U(s) + 3/2 H2 (g) → UH3 (s) at 500 K. Hint: start with writing the equilibrium constant K expressed through activities that include pressure of gas. Examples are in class notes. Then, convert K to the standard Gibbs energy of the pertinent reaction.
- The equilibrium constant of the reaction 2 C3H6 (g) ⇌ C2H4(g) + C4H8(g) is found to fit the expression InK= -1.04-(1088 K)/T +(1.51 x 10-2 K2)/T2between 300 K and 600 K. (a) Calculate the standard reaction Gibbs energy at each temperature at 390 K and 410 K. (b) Use the van 't Hoff equation to determine the standard reaction enthalpy at 400 K. (c) Hence also calculate the standard reaction entropy at 400 K.Potassium acid phthalate, KHC8H4O4 ( MM=204.2 ), reacts with sodium hydroxide on a 1:1 molar basis. A sample of the acid weighing 0.4823 g was titrated with NaOH, requiring 24.35 mL to reach the endpoint. Calculate the molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution.The molar conductivity of 0.010 M CH3COOH(aq) is 1.65 mS m2 mol-1. What is the acidity constant, Ka, of the acid?