1. The true value of a particular measurement is 131.0 µg/L. Four chemists (A, B, C and D) each repeat the same procedure six times. The individual values obtained are displayed in the table below. Comment on the results of each chemist in terms of accuracy and precision (use standard deviation as in indicator of precision and % error as a measure of accuracy). Chemist A 130.7 131.6 133.5 132.3 132.6 129.1 Chemist B Chemist C Chemist D 125.0 132.3 136.9 137.9 125.9 131.6 136.7 134.5 134.1 135.4 136.0 137.6 130.7 109.9 131.9 115.6 131.3 132.6 2. Supposing that two chemists (A and B) in item #1 above, used two different apparatus. In order to determine if the precision of these apparatus is significantly different, apply the F-test. 3. Return to the data of chemists A and C in item #1 above. If the true value is 131.0 µg/L, calculate and compare the respective values of parameter t for these chemists. Can the presence of a systematic error be concluded for the data of either chemist A or chemist C? 4. The results of experimental measurements on %SO, in a sample repeated five times were the following: 24.24, 24.36, 24.97, 24.20, 24.10 Verify whether the third value, which seems to be high compared to the others, should be considered as an outlier. Use the Grubbs Test at 95% confidence level.
1. The true value of a particular measurement is 131.0 µg/L. Four chemists (A, B, C and D) each repeat the same procedure six times. The individual values obtained are displayed in the table below. Comment on the results of each chemist in terms of accuracy and precision (use standard deviation as in indicator of precision and % error as a measure of accuracy). Chemist A 130.7 131.6 133.5 132.3 132.6 129.1 Chemist B Chemist C Chemist D 125.0 132.3 136.9 137.9 125.9 131.6 136.7 134.5 134.1 135.4 136.0 137.6 130.7 109.9 131.9 115.6 131.3 132.6 2. Supposing that two chemists (A and B) in item #1 above, used two different apparatus. In order to determine if the precision of these apparatus is significantly different, apply the F-test. 3. Return to the data of chemists A and C in item #1 above. If the true value is 131.0 µg/L, calculate and compare the respective values of parameter t for these chemists. Can the presence of a systematic error be concluded for the data of either chemist A or chemist C? 4. The results of experimental measurements on %SO, in a sample repeated five times were the following: 24.24, 24.36, 24.97, 24.20, 24.10 Verify whether the third value, which seems to be high compared to the others, should be considered as an outlier. Use the Grubbs Test at 95% confidence level.
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Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Transcribed Image Text:1. The true value of a particular measurement is 131.0 µg/L. Four chemists (A, B, C and D) each
repeat the same procedure six times. The individual values obtained are displayed in the table
below. Comment on the results of each chemist in terms of accuracy and precision (use standard
deviation as in indicator of precision and % error as a measure of accuracy).
Chemist A
Chemist B
Chemist C
Chemist D
130.7 131.6 133.5 132.3 132.6 129.1
125.0 132.3 136.9 137.9 125.9 131.6
136.7 134.5 134.1 135.4 136.0 137.6
130.7 109.9 131.9 115.6 131.3 132.6
2. Supposing that two chemists (A and B) in item #1 above, used two different apparatus. In
order to determine if the precision of these apparatus is significantly different, apply the F-test.
3. Return to the data of chemists A and C in item #1 above. If the true value is 131.0 µg/L.
calculate and compare the respective values of parameter t for these chemists. Can the presence
of a systematic error be concluded for the data of either chemist A or chemist C?
4. The results of experimental measurements on %SO3 in a sample repeated five times were the
following:
24.24, 24.36, 24.97, 24.20, 24.10
Verify whether the third value, which seems to be high compared to the others, should be
considered as an outlier. Use the Grubbs Test at 95% confidence level.
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