1. There are many pathways in fertilization that remain as gray areas. Choose one of these pathways and visually show where the "unknown" lies. Example: The Izumo-Juno/CD9 complex is responsible for sperm to bind with the egg prior to its penetration. The IP3 pathway is responsible for cytosolic Ca+2 to increase in concentration, promoting the polyspermy block and egg activation that precedes amphimixis. What signaling pathway is activated by the Izumo-Juno/CD9 complex formation that will in turn activate the IP3 pathway?

Q: What are morphogens, exactly? Explain how they affect the patterning of tissue throughout embryonic…

A: Pattern formation is a development process by which the cells acquired different identities…

Q: A sea urchin egg is treated with an inhibitor that prevents the rise in intracellular Ca2+ right…

A: We are entitled to give answer of one question at a time.So out of two questions I am giving the…

Q: Which of the following is not an important component of the slow block to polyspermy Group of…

A: By reweaving the question, we have to find out which of the following is not an important component…

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Q: 13 5 points Which of the following is false when considering XX differentiation? O RSPO1 and WNT4…

A: The term gonads can be associated with the male’s and female’s reproductive structures. Testis comes…

Q: Fill in the blank:  The cell resulting from fertilization is called a(an) ___________________.

A: The gametes are present in both males and females. These are the haploid cells that are required for…

Q: Fill in the blank: The cell resulting from fertilization divides by the process of…

A: The division of a cell into two or more cells is called cell division. The mitosis and meiosis are…

Q: A chemical that prevents acrosomal proteins from interacting with proteins on the egg membrane would…

A: The binding of the sperm to the vitelline envelope of the egg is species-specific.

Q: Menstrual change is a common symptom of uterus myoma, which of the following factors is related to…

A: Myoma means a noncancerous tumor that occurs in the uterus. Menstrual change is a common symptom of…

Q: Central self-tolerance in the immune system arises when maturing T cells in the thymus undergo…

A: Apoptosis is a process of natural cell death. T cells are matured in Thymus but are born in Bone…

Q: There are 6 major events in fertilization. Discuss the process of fertilization or conception, with…

A: Fertilization is a process in which male pro nuclei and female pro nuclei come together(fuses that…

Q: 5. Indicate how the following perturbations affect dorsal/ventral patterning of the somites. a.…

A: Answer :: a) shh stands for Sonic hedgehog. This acts as a ligand for patched receptor. Shh are…

Q: SOME EVENTS IN THE PROCESS OF FERTILIZATION 1. A single sperm nucleus and an egg nucleus fuse to…

A: Fertilization is the process of combining two haploid cells, the egg and the sperm, to produce a…

Q: Which of the following is TRUE about neurulation? (Check all that apply) A The detail mechanism…

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Q: Researchers investigated the step-by-step processes of cell differentiation in somites through…

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Q: Outline the enzymes that play important role in fertilization. Include their functions.

A: Fertilization is the event in sexual reproduction that marks the fusion of the male gamete which in…

Q: Compare and contrast animals with external fertilization to those with internal fertilization. What…

A: Fertilization is a phenomenon in which male gamete known as sperm fuses of female gamete that is ova…

Q: Which of the following statement does NOT correctly describe the event of the following…

A: Fertilization is the process of combining two haploid cells, the egg and the sperm, to produce a…

Q: Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. VegT and Veg1 induce both dorsal and ventral…

A: Here, we have to select the incorrect statement regarding development.

Q: State and explain 5 effects of tobacco smoking by a pregnant mother on the foetus development. (400…

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Q: give the Significance  of the ff   Cleavage to embryogenesis       CAMs and Junctional…

A: * cleavage means  division of cells in  embryo . * The cells formes as result of  cleavage are…

Q: Somites a. begin forming at the tail end of the embryo and then move forward in a wavelike…

A: Introduction: Somites can be defined as the longitudinal series among other series of blocklike…

Q: A sperm encounters an egg's jelly coat thus triggering the acrosomal reaction. What is the first…

A: Egg cells are the largest of all the cells in our body and are about 100 microns in diameter. It is…

Q: Gradients of morphogens can be preestablished in the oocyte. Also, later in development, morphogens…

A: A substance whose non-uniform distribution governs the tissue development in the pattern formation…

Q: In-vitro fertilization occurs in the laboratory. The resulting embryos remain in a laboratory…

A: Fertilization The egg is viable for 12 to 24 hours after ovulation. Sperm are viable for 12 to 48…

Q: what causes activation of certain genes before fertilization?

A: Fertilization is the process of fusion of male and female gametes for the formation of a zygotes.

Q: If you add a chemical to an egg cell that prevents the fast and slow blocks from occurring but does…

A: The fast block to polyspermy can be accomplished by altering the electric potential of the egg…

Q: Fill in the blanks: please use the words provided below each question. each21)…

A: The first developmental stage in Drosophila is pattern formation. It starts with the development of…

Q: In mammals, primordial germ cells migration ends when they reach the _________________   posterior…

A: Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are highly specialized cells that act as precursors of gametes, which…

Q: Compare and contrast the mechanisms of polyspermy block in internal versus external fertilization.

A: When an egg is fertilized by more than one sperm it is called as polyspermy. Generally in diploid…

Q: Right after the fertilization process, the zygote polarizes first its membrane and then its…

A: introduction The zygote is polarized by an asymmetric stimulus from the environment, such as…

Q: Researchers searched for an activator of neural tissue formation. What is the real pathway for this…

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Q: Which of the following is an illustration of permissive interaction?   -When implanted in the newt…

A: Note- Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. If you want…

Q: 1. The diagram in Figure I shows a section through the mammalian testis. With reference to this…

A: According to the rules of the bartleby.com only the first portion of the question will be answered.…

Q: As Cleavage stage of embryo genesis proceeds, the developmental potential of the cells becomes…

A:

Q: How many somites are there in mouse? In chicks? In humans

A: In embryology, a somite is among a series of longitudinal blocklike sections into which the…

Q: an egg cell were treated with EDTA, a chemical that binds to calcium ions: The acrosomal reaction…

A: Physiologically, the acrosomal reaction requires presence of calcium ions for the reaction to…

Q: phases of neurulation. Mention some signaling molecules, genes, morphogenetic factors, and other…

A: Neurulation refers to the folding process in embryos during embryonic development. It includes the…

Q: Sexual differentiation begins close to 4 weeks after fertilization, but cannot be seen visually…

A: The formation of the reproductive organs begins shortly after egg fertilisation, with the primordial…

Q: At which stage in development would a cell's gene expression not be altered between cell types? a)…

A: Introduction :- Developmental biology allows us to study and observe the changes that takes place…

Q: 3) At the completion of meiosis, how many sets of chromosomes does each daughter cell contain?…

A: The cell division is a cell cycle which is responsible for dividing the parent cell into daughter…

Q: Epithelium–Mesenchyme transitions (MET or EMT) are crucial morphogenetic events occurring during…

A: ..

Q: The developmental pattern of C. elegans is said to be mosaic because (a) development is controlled…

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Q: Research on in vitro fertilization, discuss or identify the importance of in vitro fertilization

A: Fertilization refers to the process of fusion of women's egg and men's sperm to form a zygote. It…

Q: mammals, primordial germ cells migration ends when they reach the _________________   posterior…

A: Premordial germ cells are only means of genetic transmission between parent and offspring.…

Q: IN AN OUTLINE FORM, describe briefly the phases of neurulation. Mention some signaling molecules,…

A: The folding process in vertebrate embryos, which includes the transformation of the neural plate…

Q: Explain the consequent of each of the following on neurulation: a. Inhibition of microtubules…

A: Neurulation is one of the major development stages of embryonic development of animals. Neurulation…

Q: observe that your drug-treated embryo is than an untreated control fertilized at the same time

A: Mitosis is a type of cell division which take place in body cells. Mitosis is a way of making more…

Q: 12) Why do you say that fertilization in seed plants is independent of water? A) Spermatid cells…

A: Pollination is the process of transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma.

Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.