11. In a Bertrand duopoly with homogenous goods and symmetric and identical constant marginal cost functions the Nash equilibrium has:. a. A price that is equal to marginal cost. b. Profits that are positive. c. The characteristic of strictly upward sloping best response functions. d. None of the above is a correct answer.
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- 1. define the term explicit and implicit costs, give examples 2. to compute econic profit, which cost are used ? 3. explain oligopoly , give examples of oligopoly 4. how firms in oligolpolistic market structure compete , elaborateYou and your rival must simultaneously decide what price to advertise in the weekly newspaper. If you each charge a low price, you each earn zero profits. If you each charge a high price, you each earn profits of GH¢3. If you charge different prices, the one charging the higher price loses GH¢5 and the one charging the lower price makes GH¢5.i. Find the equilibrium when there are no repeated transactions.ii. Now suppose there are repeated transactions. How would that change the results?ANS ME ! 1 In a completely serious market, the interaction of section or leave closes when a. Firms are working with abundance limit. b. Firms are making zero monetary benefit. c. Firms experience diminishing minimal income. d. Cost is equivalent to minor expense. 2. Harmony amounts in business sectors described by oligopoly is a. Lower than in imposing business model business sectors and higher than in completely serious markets. b. Lower than in imposing business model business sectors and lower than in completely serious markets. c. Higher than in imposing business model business sectors and higher than in completely serious markets.
- 1) What are the Nash equilibria? Which one is unreasonable/non-credible threat? 2) What are the subgame perfect Nash equilibria? Does SPNE concept eliminate the unreasonable Nash equilibrium?6.What best describes the example/instance for building a model to identify cross-sell opportunities (trying to convince people to adopt a new product category - say jewelry - that they have not bought in before)? A. Any current customer. B. Any new customer who might be interested in jewelry. C. All current customers who up to a certain point in time have NOT bought in the jewelry category. D. All current customers who up to a certain point in time have NOT bought in the jewelry category but did buy jewelry in the next time frame.Consider trade relations between the United States and Mexico. Assume that the leaders of the two countries believe the payoffs to alternative trade policies are shown in the image attached. a) What is the dominant strategy for the United States? For Mexico? Explain. b) Define Nash equilibrium. What is the Nash equilibrium for trade policy? c) In 1993, the U.S. Congress ratified the North American Free Trade Agreement, in which the United States and Mexico agreed to reduce trade barriers simultaneously. Do the perceived payoffs shown here justify this approach to trade policy? Explain.
- Question 1 Assume the market for a product can be described as a Cournot duopoly with two identical firms. The Nash-equilibrium in this market is that the two firms produce the same quantity. Hence, they will have identical market shares, each will have 50%. Assume that firm 1 decides to invest in a technology that reduces its marginal costs. a) What will happen to the two firms market shares? You must explain how you find the answer. b) What will happen to total production and the price of the product? Again, explain your answer.INTERNATIONAL TRADE The president of a remote island nation has closed the borders of this country to international trade because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Prices of goods and services in this country will be governed by what principle? A. Autarky. B. Oligopoly. C. Autonopoly. D. Bertrand collusion equilibrium. Explain your answer in up to 200 words and using a diagram1. Find pure strategy Nash equilibrium and find the outcome, that will be played in cooperation. Explain clearly.
- 1. Consider the pricing game between firm 1 (row) and firm 2 (column) belowwhere each number represents the profits made by each firm.:Table 1: Pricing gameLow HighLow 288,288 360,216High 216,360 324,324 a) Point out the Nash equilibrium. Is this a unique Nash equilibrium?c) What type of commitment can firm 1 make to improve its pay-off?Can it be classified as a threat or promise? (Assume that the commitmentis credible.)d) How would you represent the game as a game tree with the option tocommit?2. Consider the signalling / production game with the order of play given below.Assuming that the signal is informative (i.e. education is sufficiently costly),how would you change the order of the game to make sure that poolingequilibriums are ruled out? Verbally motivate your answer.• Nature chooses ability of the workers a ∈ (H, L), ability is observed byworkers but not employers.• The worker choose an education level s ∈ (0, 1).• The employer offer contracts w(s).• The worker accepts or…Consider trade relations between the United States and Mexico. Assume that the leaders of the two countries believe the payoffs to alternative trade policies are as follows a. What is the dominant strategy for the United States? For Mexico? Explain. b. Define Nash equilibrium. What is the Nash equilibrium for trade policy? c. In 1993, the U.S.Congress ratified the North American Free Trade Agreement, in which the United States and Mexico agreed to reduce trade barriers simultaneously. Do the perceived payoffs shown here justify this approach to trade policy? Explain. d. Based on your understanding of the gains from trade (discussed in Chapters 3 and 9), do you think that these payoffs actually reflect a nation's welfare under the four possible outcomes?In an economy with two Individuals ( A and B) discuss the results in exchange in the following situations 1. Perfect competition in which A and B accept prices as given by the market 2.A is a monopolistic and can set any price B chooses 3 A is a perfect price discriminator and can charge a different price for each unit tranded. 4 does each of these lead to a pareto efficient Solution ? It would be useful to work with an Edgeworth Box Diagram to present your solution