17. The table below provides the Biodrop results obtained for the DNA extracted from students 1-4 during practical 1. Analyse the data and answer question a-c below. Sample ID Nucleic Acid Conc. Unit 260/280 260/230 321,2 ng/ul 25,4 ng/ul 56,5 ng/ul 150,95 ng/ul 1 1,9 1,83 1,38 1,1 2,16 1,1 0,47 2 4 1.9 N3
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- Which student extracted DNA sample(s) contained DNA co-extraction impurities. Provide evidence to support your claim, give examples of such impurities and indicate its potential source.
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- Show the calculations for the preparation of 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.00001% standard DNA solutions via serial dilution from a 0.1% stock solution. Prepare 10.0 mL of 0.10% standard DNA solution using acetate buffer pH 4.6 as solvent. Prepare four different concentrations of the 0.10% standard DNA solution from step 1 via serial dilution to obtain 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.00001% standard DNA solutions. Obtain seven clean and dry test tubes. Place 1.50 mL solutions in each tube as follows: Table 2.1. Set-up for the diphenylamine assay. Test tube # Content 1 (blank) acetate buffer pH 4.6 2 0.10% standard DNA 3 0.01% standard DNA 4 0.001% standard DNA 5 0.0001% standard DNA 6 0.00001% standard DNA 7 DNA extract from Part I Add 3.50 mL diphenylamine reagent to each tube, swirl each tube to thoroughly mix the contents and heat for 10 mins in a boiling water bath. Cool immediately under tap water. Read absorbances at 595 nm.…1. a) A technologist has a 20µl sample of DNA and adds 5µl of loading dye before adding the total volume into an agarose gel. What was the original concentration of the loading dye? a. 4x b. 5x c. 6x d. 7x e. None of the above 1. b)A technologist adds 6uL of 5x loading dye to a DNA sample before adding the total volume into the agarose gel. How much DNA sample was combined with the loading dye? 12uL 16uL 20uL 24uL 28uLIf the purity of DNA sample is below 1.8 A260/A280, where did the protein contamination come from?
- give the significance/role/effect of the reagent/condition in the isolation or analysis of a biomolecule. using citrate buffer (ph 4.5) instead of Tris-HCl buffer (ph 7.5) during the DNA isolationWhich of the given statements is correct in the context of visualizing DNA molecules separated by agarose gel electrophoresis? DNA can be seen in visible light DNA can be seen without staining in visible light Ethidium bromide-stained DNA can be seen in visible light Ethidium bromide-stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light Please explain the answer properly and kindly relate to the NCERT Bio XII chapter 11.If PCR is unsuccessful, how do you adjust the following parameters and why would you adjust them that way:a. MgCl2b. dNTPsc. Primersd. Taqe. Annealing Tempf. Annealing durationg. Extension duration
- Please answer the following using the experiment data below. Provide the formulas or methods used for calculations of each. Number of colonies on LB/amp/ara plate = Micrograms of DNA spread on the plates = Transformation efficiency = DNA plasmid concentration: 0.08 μg/μl 250 μl CaCl transformation solution 10 μl pGLO plasmid solution 250 μl LB broth 100 μl cells spread on agar 227 colonies of transformantsWhat will happen to the concentration and the A260/280 ratio of the DNA sample in the following scenarios? a)Add to low % ethanol. b) Add too little salt. C) Forget to boil the sampleIn order to determine the purity of a DNA sample. spectrophotometry can be carried out at _______ to measure DNA, and _______ to measure protein. The ratio _______ is then calculated, and a number between _______ indicates higher purity. 280 nm; 260 nm; A280/A260; 0.5-1 260 nm; 280 nm; A260/A280; 0.5-1 260 nm; 280 nm; A260/A280; 1.5-2 260 nm; 280 nm; A280/A260; 1.5-2
- DNA samples were then run in agarose gel electrophoresis against a molecular standard of 100 bp and 1Kb Ladder. The figure is analyzed and labelled manually and recorded with the used product ladder information. Figure 2A is labeled with corresponding lane numbers and with M1 and M2 as markers used. Write an interpretation of the documented gelresult (Figure 2). Note: Agarose gel of isolated DNA (A) from plant (lanes 1 & 2), chicken (lanes 3 & 4), and E. coli (lanes 5 & 6) with Vivantis* product information of 100bp (B) and 1kb ladders (C).Give an estimate of the fragment sizes (basepairs) of the DNA bands from each sample lane of the gel electropherogram below. lane 1: lane 2: lane 3:Give a major disadvantage of RAPD as a DNA marker. Provide one (1) recommendation onhow to address this limitation. Briefly discuss. (in 5 sentences only)