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- An aluminum capwhich serves as acover to a glasspyrex jar is tightlyattached to the glass;To open the jar, itwas exposed to ahot water bath andthe temperaturewas noted at 70Celsius. The insidediameter of the capis 6.0 cm at 30Celsius. Find thedifference in radius(cm) that will resultby this methodA digital system has been developed to measure temperatures in therange -20˚C to 100˚C. If the accuracy of the system is such that themaximum number of bits that it can represent is 10 bits, and the actualtemperature being read is 37˚C, what is the closest possible value thatthe system could represent? Interprete your results.A chemistrystudent wastasked to determinethespecific heat of a50.0 grock sample whichhas atemperature of 83Celsius.He dropped the rockto a75.0 g Al calorimeterwhichcontains 110. gramswater.Initial temperatureof thecalorimeter andwater is30.0 Celsius. Finaltemperature is 33.0Celsius.Find the specificheat ofthe rock in J/g C
- Notice from Table that (a) water and mercury and(b) aluminum and steel have nearly the same speeds ofsound, yet the second of each pair of materials is muchdenser. Can you account for this oddity? Can moleculartheory explain it?What is the driving force for (a) heat transfer, (b) elec tric current, and (c) fluid flow?Explain how the maximum possible heat transferrate Q.max in a heat exchanger can be determined when themass flow rates, specific heats, and the inlet temperatures ofthe two fluids are specified. Does the value of Q.max dependon the type of the heat exchanger?
- A constant-volume gas thermometer contains a fixed amount of gas. What property of the gas is measured to indicate its temperature?The goal in this problem is to find the growth of an ice layer as a function of time. Call the thickness of the ice layer L. (a) Derive an equation for dL/dt in terms of L , the temperature T above the ice, and the properties of ice (which can leave in symbolic form instead of substituting the numbers). (b) Solve this differential equation assuming that at t=0 , you have L=0 . If you have studied differential equations, you will know a technique for solving equations of this type: manipulate the equation to get dL/dt multiplied by a (very simple) function of L on one side, and integrate both sides with respect to time. Alternatively, you may be able to use your knowledge of the derivatives of various functions to guess the solution, which has a simple dependence on t. (c) Will the water eventually freeze to the bottom of the flask?An infrared heater for a sauna has a surface area of 0.050 m2 and an emissivity of 0.84. What temperature must it run at if the required power is 360 W? Neglect the temperature of the environment.
- An ideal gas goes from state (pi,vi,) to state (pf,vf,) when it is allowed to expand freely. Is it possible to represent the actual process on a pVdiagram? Explain.The density of water at 0 C is very nearly 1000 kg/m3 (it is actually 999.84 kg/m3), whereas the density of ice at 0 C is 917 kg/m3. Calculate the pressure necessary to keep ice from expanding when it freezes, neglecting the effect such a large pressure would have on the freezing temperature. (This problem gives you only an indication of how large the forces associated with freezing water might be.)A person taking a reading of the temperature in a freezer in Celsius makes two mistakes: first omitting the negative sign and then thinking the temperature is Fahrenheit. That is, the person reads xC as xF . Oddly enough, the result is the correct Fahrenheit temperature. What is the original Celsius reading? Round your answer to three significant figures.