2. The equilibrium constant, Kp, equals 3.40 at 25 °C for the isomerization reaction: cis-2-butene 2 trans-2-butene. What can be said regarding the relative concentrations of the two species when the system reaches equilibrium? A. The concentration of cis-2-butene is much, much greater than that of trans-2-butene. B. The concentration of cis-2-butene is much, much less than that of trans-2-butene. C. The concentration of cis-2-butene is exactly equal to that of trans-2-butene. D. The concentration of cis-2-butene is only slightly greater than that of trans-2-butene. E. The concentration of cis-2-butene is only slightly less than that of trans-2-butene.

2. The equilibrium constant, Kp, equals 3.40 at 25 °C for the isomerization reaction: cis-2-butene 2 trans-2-butene. What can be said regarding the relative concentrations of the two species when the system reaches equilibrium? A. The concentration of cis-2-butene is much, much greater than that of trans-2-butene. B. The concentration of cis-2-butene is much, much less than that of trans-2-butene. C. The concentration of cis-2-butene is exactly equal to that of trans-2-butene. D. The concentration of cis-2-butene is only slightly greater than that of trans-2-butene. E. The concentration of cis-2-butene is only slightly less than that of trans-2-butene.

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

9th Edition

ISBN:9781133949640

Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Publisher:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Chapter15: Principles Of Chemical Reactivity: Equilibria

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 38GQ: At 2300 K the equilibrium constant for the formation of NO(g) is 1.7 103. N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g)...

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Consider the equation G = G + RT ln(Q). What is the value of G for a reaction at equilibrium? What does Q equal at equilibrium? At equilibrium, the previous equation reduces to G = RT ln(K). When G 0, what does it indicate about K? When G 0, what does it indicate about K? When t G = 0, what does it indicate about K? G predicts spontaneity for a reaction, whereas G predicts the equilibrium position. Explain what this statement means. Under what conditions can you use G to determine the spontaneity of a reaction?
The reaction, 3 H2(g) + N2(g) (g), has the fol lowing equilibrium constants at the temperatures given: atT=25°C,K= 2.8 X 104 at T = 500°C, A = 2.4 X IO"7 At which temperature are reactants favored? At which temperature are products favored? YVhat can you say about the reaction if the equilibrium constant is 1.2 at 127°C?
At 2300 K the equilibrium constant for the formation of NO(g) is 1.7 103. N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g) (a) Analysis shows that the concentrations of N2 and O2 are both 0.25 M, and that of NO is 0.0042 M under certain conditions. Is the system at equilibrium? (b) If the system is not at equilibrium, in which direction does the reaction proceed? (c) When the system is at equilibrium, what are the equilibrium concentrations?
Many sugars undergo a process called mutarotation, in which the sugar molecules interconvert between two isomeric forms, finally reaching an equilibrium between them. This is true for the simple sugar glucose, C6H12O6, which exists in solution in isomeric forms called alpha-glucose and beta-glucose. If a solution of glucose at a certain temperature is analyzed, and it is found that the concentration of alpha-glucose is twice the concentration of beta-glucose, what is the value of K for the interconversion reaction?
At 25C. Kp 1 1031 for the reaction a. Calculate the concentration of NO, in molecules/cm3, that can exist in equilibrium in air at 25C. In air, PN2=0.8 atm and PO2=0.2atm. b. Typical concentrations of NO in relatively pristine environments range from 108 to 1010 molecules/cm3 Why is there a discrepancy between these values and your answer to part a?
Hydrogen and carbon dioxide react at a high temperature to give water and carbon monoxide. H2(g) + CO2(g) H2O(g) + CO(g) (a) Laboratory measurements at 986 C show that there are 0.11 mol each of CO and H2O vapor and 0.087 mol each of H2 and CO2 at equilibrium in a 50.0-L container. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction at 986 C. (b) Suppose 0.010 mol each of H2 and CO2 are placed in a 200.0-L container. When equilibrium is achieved at 986 C, what amounts of CO(g) and H2O(g), in moles, would be present? [Use the value of Kc from part (a).]
The following equilibrium is established in a closed container: C(s)+O2(g)CO2(g)H=393kJmol1 How does the equilibrium shift in response to each of the following stresses? (a) The quantity of solid carbon is increased. (b) A small quantity of water is added, and CO2 dissolves in it. (c) The system is cooled. (d) The volume of the container is increased.
Kc for the decomposition of ammonium hydrogen sulfide is 1.8 104 at 25 C. NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g) (a) When the pure salt decomposes in a flask, what are the equilibrium concentrations of NH3 and H2S? (b) If NH4HS is placed in a flask already containing 0.020 mol/L of NH3 and then the system is allowed to come to equilibrium, what are the equilibrium concentrations of NH3 and H2S?
Ammonia is produced by the Haber process, in which nitrogen and hydrogen are reacted directly using an iron mesh impregnated with oxides as a catalyst. For the reaction N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) equilibrium constants (Kp values) as a function of temperature are 300C, 4.34 103 500C, 1.45 105 600C, 2.25 106 Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?
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The atmosphere consists of about 80% N2 and 20% O2, yet there are many oxides of nitrogen that are stable and can be isolated in the laboratory. (a) Is the atmosphere at chemical equilibrium with respect to forming NO? (b) If not, why doesnt NO form? If so, how is it that NO can be made and kept in the laboratory for long periods?
Carbon dioxide decomposes into CO and O2 at elevated temperatures. What is the equilibrium partial pressure of oxygen in a sample at 1000 C for which the initial pressure of CO2 was 1.15 atm?