2. The widget market is characterized by perfect competition. The "inverse" market demand is P = 30 – 0.05Q, while the market supply is Q = -100 + 20P. The firms are identical, and the cost structure of a typical firm is TCi = 200 + 5Qi + 0.5Q¡2, with MCi = 5 + Qi b) Solve for the optimal output level for a typical firm.
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- Show a firm that is earning zero economic profits, but has some market power. Then, assume this market power is entirely eliminated when a new competitor enters the market with the same technology and produces a perfect substitute. Showing in your diagram how the firm must adjust its production level to most effectively compete with the new entering firm, explain why maintaining competition is important.Question 1: Assume that apples are produced in a perfectly competitive market. Columbia’s Orchard is a typical firm that grows and sells apples. Currently, Columbia earns zero economic profit, and the market price of apples is $10 per basket. Draw a correctly labeled graph showing Columbia’s demand curve, average total cost curve, and marginal cost curve, and show the profit-maximizing quantity, labeled Qc. Answer: 2. Suppose an increase in the popularity of apple, the demand for apple increases. How will the increase in the demand for apples affect Columbia’s economic profit in the short run? Explain. Answer: 3. What will happen to Columbia’s economic profit in the long run? Explain. Answer:Perfectly Competitive market vs duopoly market Suppose the daily demand function of pizza in St Catherines Q^d=2175-5p. For 1 pizza store, the variable cost of making Qpizza per day is C(q)=0.2q^2 – 5q there is a 2000$ fixed cost. There is free entry in the long run a) What is the long run market equilibrium price and quantity in this market? How many firms in the market b) If the marginal cost decreased by 2$ per pizza what is the new short run market equilibrium price and quantity.c) Draw graphs to show the short run and the long run responses of both an individual firm and the market in part b. Now assume the market demand function does not change, consider duopoly market in which the marginal cost of each firm is 35. d) What is the nash equilibrium price and quantity in this Stackelberg model.
- In a purely competitive market at its long-run equilibrium, which of the following is not true? a The marginal benefit of the last unit of the product equals the marginal cost of producing that unit. b The maximum willingness of buyers to pay for the last unit of the product equals the minimum acceptable price for the seller of that unit. c Price equals marginal cost, and they are equal to the lowest attainable average cost of production. d The combined amount of consumer and producer surpluses is at its minimum possible.Good Grapes is selling grapes in a purely competitive market. Its output is 5,000 pounds, which it sells for $5 a pound. At the 5,000-pound level of output, the average variable cost is $4.00, the marginal cost is $4.25, and the average total cost is $4.50 a pound. Should the firm increase output, decrease output, or not produce? Why? How should the firm determine the optimal level of output?A firm operates in a perfectly competitive market. Its marginal cost = to its marginal revenue. It is incurring economic losses . Based on this information, which of the following is true? a) An increase in output will decrease the forms economic losses. b) a decrease in output will decrease the firms economic losses. c) Any change in output will fail to result in positive economic profits. d) An increase in price will decrease the firms economic losses. e) the forms marginal revenue exceeds its outputs average total cost
- Assume that in a PERFECTLY COMPETITIVE MARKET, demand and supply curves are:Demand: p(q) = 16 - q2 and Supply: p(q) = 2q+1.Determine:(a) Total revenue and marginal revenue functions.(b) market equilibrium point (p* and q*). Graphic itShazam, a maker of magic wands, is selling in a purely competitive market. Its output is 500 wands, which sell for $10 each. At this level of output, the marginal cost is $10 and the average variable cost is $12. Should the firm increase output, decrease output, or not produce? Explain why?Firms in the market for soccer balls are selling in a purely competitive market. A firm in the soccer ball market has an output of 5,000 balls, which it sells for $10 each. At the output level of 5,000 the average variable cost is $6.00, the average total cost is $7.50, and the marginal cost is $10.00. What would you expect the firm to do in the short run? Why? What would you expect the market to do in the long run? Why?
- Which of the following is not an assumption of perfect competition? (a) There are no restrictions on entry into the market. (b) There are many firms, each selling an identical product. (c) There are many buyers. (d) The price each firm sets differs from the prices set by the other firms.What are the three conditions for a market to be perfectly competitive? For a market to be perfectly competitive, there must be A. many buyers and sellers, with all firms selling identical products, and no barriers to new firms entering the market. B. many buyers and nothingsellers, with all firms selling identical products, and substantial barriers to new firms entering the market. C. many buyers and sellers, with firms selling similar but not identical products, with low barriers to new firms entering the market. D. many buyers and one seller, with the firm producing a product that has no close substitutes, and barriers to new firms entering the market.Perfect competition is a theoretical market structure in which the followingcriteria are met: All firms sell an identical product. All firms are price takers.Market share has no influence on prices. Given the characteristics describedabovei. Describe the factors that drive profits to zero in perfectly competitivemarkets in the long run. Explain carefully the incentives that drive themarket to a long run equilibrium. ii. Why would a firm choose to operate at a loss in the short run? iii. When do firms decide to shut down production in the short run?