22.51 Assume that you are in charge of a laboratory for developing new or improved cutting fluids. On the basis of the topics Cutting-tool Materials and Cutting Fluids , suggest a list o f topics for your staff to investigate. Explain why you have chosen those topics.

Q: List reasons that machining operations may be required, and provide an example for each reason.

A: After the manufacturing process the part prepared may not be ready to use, as it may require…

Q: A number of through holes with 10-mm-diameter have been drilled through 30-mm thick cast iron plate.…

A:

Q: 22.27 Why are chemical stability and inertness important in cutting tools?

A: Cutting tool  material is used to remove material from workpiece by cutting Process. Cutting Tool…

Q: Describe the effects that a dull tool can have on cutting operations

A: The effects that a dull tool can have on the cutting operation are: 1. Cutting power will increase.…

Q: W hat are the consequences if a cutting tool chips?

A: Consequences if a cutting tool chips  this is related to chip formation. the chips are formed due to…

Q: Explain what is meant by the term machinability and what it involves. Why does titanium have poor…

A: Machinability is the ease with which a metal can be cut permitting the removal of the material with…

Q: What is the function of chip breakers? How do they function? Do you need a chip breaker

A:

Q: n metal cutting, use of low feeds and high cutting speeds are desired when the objective is   a)High…

A: Given data : High cutting speed Low feed

Q: Why is toughness im portant for cutting-tool materials?

A: Toughness is a property of material to absorb energy under shock or impact loading.

Q: Do you think that there is a relationship between the cost of a cutting tool and its hot hardness?…

A: Hot hardness may be defined as property of cutting tool to retain its strength at elevated…

Q: 22.24 What precautions would you take in machining with brittle tool materials, especially ceramics?…

A: Although brittle materials such as ceramics posses high abrasion resistance and great hardness, they…

Q: 21.45 Given your understanding of the basic metal-cutting process, what are the important physical…

A: Given Data⇒ Basic metal cutting process Important physical and chemical properties of a cutting tool…

Q: Is the elastic modulus im portant for cutting-tool materials? Explain

A:

Q: Question 4. The following data are available from orthogonal cutting experiments. The depth of cut…

A: When the cutting edge is perpendicular to the machined surface, the cutting executed is termed…

Q: List the factors that contribute to poor surface finish in cutting.

A: It is required to enlist the factors that contribute to poor surface finish in cutting

Q: 21.51 Taking carbide as an example and using Eq. (21.24), determine how much the feed should be…

A: Write the given relation for mean temperature. Tmean∝vafb According to the problem, the mean…

Q: Why does temperature have such an important effect on tool life

A: Given:

Q: 22.20  tool materials can have conflicting properties when used for machining operations. Describe…

A: One well-known example of conflicting properties is the competition between hardness and ductility.…

Q: 2 Using trigonometric relationships, derive an expression for the ratio of shear energy to…

A: we know thatformula for shear energy is given byμs=FSVSwtVthe specific energy for friction is given…

Q: 21.21 Explain why studying the types of chips produced is important in understanding cutting…

A: Understanding of Types of chips produced in cutting operations

Q: 2.47 One of the principal concerns w ith coolants is degradation due to biological attack by…

A: Concept Of Coolants Used.

Q: Identify the forces involved in a cutting operation.Which of these forces contribute to the power…

A: Metal cutting is the process of removing unwanted material from the workpiece by using cutting tool.…

Q: The tool life equation for HSS tool is VT0.14f 0.7d 0.4 = Constant. The tool life (T) of 20 min is…

A: Given data: The initial tool life is T = 20 min. The initial velocity is V = 40 m/min. The initial…

Q: Differentiate between orthogonal and oblique cutting.explain the importance of each

A: Orthogonal cutting process: During the cutting process, when the cutting edge of the tool is…

Q: QUESTION 2 Tool life can be defined as the actual machining time of successive surface sharpening…

A:

Q: Explain how cutting fluids penetrate the tool-chip interface.

A:

Q: Why are tool temperatures low at low cutting speeds and high at high cutting speeds?

A: Solution:

Q: Why are some tools coated? What are the common coating materials?

A: Let us discuss about reasons for tool coating in detail.

Q: Q4/ Answer only 6 (six) of the following 1) Some of Cutting tools are coated with (carbides,…

A: These questions are based on the concept of manufacturing processes.

Q: Question 1. Provide brief explanations to each one of the following questions: 1.a. Explain why…

A: “Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first three subparts…

Q: 22.29 Describe the necessary conditions for optimal utilization of the capabilities of diamond and…

A:

Q: Assume that, in orthogonal cutting, the rake angle, oz, is 20° and the friction angle, B, is 35° at…

A: Merchant theory gives higher shear plane angle means smaller shear plane and lower shear force which…

Q: Why do you think the maximum temperature in orthogonal cutting is located at about the middle of the…

A: It is reasonable that the maximum temperature in orthogonal cutting is located at about the middle…

Q: The shear strength of a certain work material 110000 lb/in2. An %3D orthogonal cutting operation is…

A: Given:ζ=110000 lb/in2rake angle,α=12°t1=0.026 int2=0.082 inb=0.120 inChip thickness…

Q: Which of the following statements about cutting variables for finishing cuts is true? Finishing cuts…

A: Solution:

Q: Calculate the machining time intervals for face milling a cutter 10 inches long, 2 inches wide, with…

A: given; length(L)=10inch                 =0.254m

Q: 22.40 Discuss the relative advantages and limitations of neardry machining. Consider all relevant…

A: We have written as  the relative advantages and limitations of neardry machining. Consider all…

Q: Describe the reasons for and advantages of coating  cutting tools with multiple layers of different…

A: The cutting tool is coated with multiple layers of different materials because for any material may…

Q: (e) Briefly describe types of chips that occur in metal cutting. (f) For orthogonal cutting, the…

A: Types of chip  1) continuous chip - the condition for the formation of continuous chip without built…

Q: To what factors do you attribute the difference in the specific energies in machining the materials…

A: Solution:

Q: Describe the consequences of exceeding the allowable wear and (Table 21.4) for various cutting-tool…

A: the various materials in the table as shown are for various operation  turning  face milling  end…

Q: 5. AT-slot is to be cut in a C.I. slab 260 mm long as shown make the T-slot if the cutting speed is…

A: Given    Cutting speed, v = 25 m/min            Diameter, d = 20 mm Number of teeth, z = 6 Find…

Q: Titanium-nitride coatings on tools reduce the coefficient of friction at the tool–chip interface.…

A: given:  Titanium-nitride coatings on tools reduce the coefficient of friction at the tool–chip…

Q: State whether or not the following statements are true, explaining your reasons: (a) For the same…

A: a) For the same shear angle, there are two rake angles that give the same cutting ratio,…

Q: 1.53 An orthogonal cutting operation is being carried out under the following conditions: to = 0.1…

A: to=0.1 mmtc=0.2 mmV=3 m/sα=10oFc=500 NFt=200 N

Q: Problem 10.21 Estimate the time required for one complete cut on a workpiece of length 350 mm and…

A:

Q: An experiment on the life of a cutting tool at different cutting speeds are given bellow

A:

Q: 22.53 List the concerns you would have if you needed to economically machine carbon-fiber reinforced…

A:

Machining Processes and Machine Tools

Machining is represented as the process in which an excessive amount of substance is eliminated from the particular element in the form of pieces. In machining, cutting tools such as rotary tools, lathe, drill press, grinder, chop saw, welders, and many more are applied to get the desired shape. As compared to other manufacturing processes, machining is precise and versatile.