26. Which of the following statements is correct? A. Insulin can activate pyruvate carboxylase B. More energy in the form of ATP is required to synthesize glucose from pyruvate than can be obtained from glucose by glycolysis alone C. Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate is a modulator that can stimulate either glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, depending on cellular glucose concentration D. All of the above

26. Which of the following statements is correct? A. Insulin can activate pyruvate carboxylase B. More energy in the form of ATP is required to synthesize glucose from pyruvate than can be obtained from glucose by glycolysis alone C. Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate is a modulator that can stimulate either glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, depending on cellular glucose concentration D. All of the above

Anatomy & Physiology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168130

Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Publisher:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Chapter17: The Endocrine System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 31RQ: Which of the following statements about insulin is true? Insulin acts as a transport protein, cany...

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If the human body is stressed, glucocorticoids: a. promote the breakdown of proteins in the muscles and bones. b. increase the amount of sodium reabsorbed from urine in the kidneys. c. decrease potassium secretion from the kidneys. d. decrease glucose uptake by cells in the nervous system. e. inhibit the synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources.
Radiolabeling with 14C-Glutamate Describe the labeling pattern that would result from the introduction into the TCA cycle of glutamate labeled at Cy with 14C.
Which of the following statements about insulin is true? Insulin acts as a transport protein, cany in g glucose across the cell membrane. Insulin facilitates the movement of inti acellular glucose transporters to the cell membrane. Insulin stimulates the breakdown of stored glycogen into glucose. Insulin stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb glucose into the bloodstream.
1.a. Given what you know about glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, does it make sense that insulin activates PDH phosphatase? Why? b.How do vitamins increase to the breadth of chemical reactions available within a biological system?
7. Which of the following statements about gluconeogenesis is CORRECT? Select one: a. Glucose-6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate to release glucose into the blood. b. Glucose-6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate and is found in liver and muscle. c. Fructose-1,6-biphosphatase converts fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into fructose-1-phosphate. d. Pyruvate is first converted to phosphoenolpyruvate by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.
1) Gluconeogenesis refers to ________. A) the breakdown of glycogen B) the formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources C) the formation of glycogen. D) splitting of glucose to pyruvate E) fermentation of glucose to ethanol 3) Glycogenesis refers to ________. A) the breakdown of glycogen B) the formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources C) the formation of glycogen D) splitting of glucose to pyruvate E) fermentation of glucose to ethanol 3) Ketosis is a condition that can occur if A) ketone bodies instead of glucose are used for energy. B) too many ketones are ingested. C) too much protein is available in the diet. D) the brain is starved of glucose. E) low fat intake occurs.
5. Which of the following enzymes is NOT used when fructose is metabolized to pyruvate in the liver? a. triose phosphate isomerase b. glyceraldehyde-3-phospate dehydrogenase c. glucokinase d. phosphofructokinase-1 e. pyruvate kinase
During the fed state, which of the following occur(s)? a) insulin stimulation of malonyl CoA formation b) allosteric inhibition of carnitine acyltransferase I c) both a and b d) neither a nor b
d) What enzymes of glycolysis are bypassed in gluconeogenesis? e) What enzymes are unique to gluconeogenesis? f) What enzymes are the sites of regulation in gluconeogenesis? g) Describe how glycolysis & gluconeogenesis are reciprocally regulated.
1. Discuss the synthesis and utilization of ketone bodies. 2. Describe adequately the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. 3. What are the different pathways of glucose metabolism?
Which of the following statements concerning gluconeogenesis is NOT true? a. Gluconeogenesis is to make glucose from glycogen. b. Many of the reactions of gluconeogenesis are glycolytic reactions going in reverse. c. The process of gluconeogenesis consumes ATP. d. The process of gluconeogenesis is regulated by ATP. e. Gluconeogenesis maintains the blood glucose level long after all dietary glucose has been absorbed and oxidized.
1.. Discuss how the inability to synthesize insulin and glucagon would impact lipid and/or carbohydrate metabolism.