3. As an investor, you are interested in creating a portfolio of assets that can reduce the overall risk of the investment without sacrificing the expected returns. (i) Explain how diversification can reduce the portfolio risk of assets to below the weighted average of the risk of the individual assets. (ii) How do the systematic risk and firm-specific risk of a firm relate to the benefits of diversification?
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- You have been hired at the investment firm of Bowers & Noon. One of its clients doesn’t understand the value of diversification or why stocks with the biggest standard deviations don’t always have the highest expected returns. Your assignment is to address the client’s concerns by showing the client how to answer the following questions: What is the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)? What are the assumptions that underlie the model? What is the Security Market Line (SML)?What does Jensen's alpha measure? a. An investor's reward in proportion to their assumption of systematic risk b. The abnormal return of an asset, defined as the degree to which its actual return exceeds that predicted by the capital asset pricing model c. The degree to which diversifiable risk is eliminated d. How much reward an investor is getting for each unit of risk assumedDiversification refers to the _________.a. reduction of the stand-alone risk of an individual investment, measured by its beta coefficient, by combining it with other investments in a portfolio b. reduction of the stand-alone risk of an individual investment, measured by the standard deviation of its returns, by combining it with other investments in a portfolio c. reduction of systematic risk of an individual, measured by its beta coefficient, by combining it with other investments in a portfolio d. reduction of systematic risk of an individual, measured by the standard deviation of its returns, by combining it with other investments in a portfolio e. reduction of the unsystematic risk of an individual, measured by its coefficient of variation, by combining it with other investments in a portfolio
- In order to benefit from diversification, the returns on assets in a portfolio must: Answer a. Not be perfectly positively correlated b. Have the same idiosyncratic risks c. Be perfectly positively correlated d. Be perfectly negatively correlatedwhat are the challenges faced by an investment advisor in managing investor expectations in volatile market conditions? Additionally, can you validate the statement: According to Harry Markowitz, the risk of well-diversified portfolio is less than the risk of the candidate used in the portfolio.Indicate whether its True or False. Then write the explanation! In the presence of diversification benefits, when we combine two assets together into a portfolio, the systematic risk of the portfolio will be less than the weighted average systematic risk of the individual assets in the portfolio.
- Which of the following statements is FALSE? a) The Capital Asset Pricing Model is the most important method for estimating the cost of capital that is used in practice. b) Because the risk that determines expected returns is unsystematic risk, which is measured by beta, the cost of capital for an investment is the expected return available on securities with the same beta. c) A common assumption is that a project has the same risk as the firm. d) To determine a project's cost of capital we need to estimate its beta.Explain Systematic (market risk) and Business-specific risk. Can diversification of the portfolio reduce each? please explain to me as simply as possible.This question relates to the two types of risk and to diversification. a)What is specific risk? b)What is market risk? c)What is meant by diversification? d)Explain why diversification is a useful tool to manage specific risk but not market risk. Be sure you answer clearly both why diversification can help manages specific risk as well as why it is not useful in managing market risk. e)Approximately how many stocks in a portfolio do you need to be fully diversified?
- The value of an investment can be defined in numerous ways. Which is FALSE? a. It is the value determined by demand and supply. b. It is an objective estimate wherein the risk preference of the investor is considered. c. It is the present value of the cashflows on the investment d. It is dependent on the perceptions of the investor.Which of the following is NOT an assumption used in deriving the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)? Investors can buy and sell all securities at competitive market prices without incurring taxes or transactions cost and can borrow and lend at the risk-free interest rate Investors hold only efficient portfolios of traded securities. Investors have homogeneous expectations regarding the volatilities, correlation, and expected returns of securities. Investors have homogeneous risk averse preferences toward taking on risk.Which of the following is NOT true? In risk-neutral valuation the risk-free rate is used to discount expected cash flows Options can be valued based on the assumption that investors are risk neutral Risk-neutral valuation provides prices that are only correct in a world where investors are risk-neutral In risk-neutral valuation the expected return on all investment assets is set equal to the risk-free rate