3. Double-stranded breaks are potentially lethal, unless they are repaired. 4. Repair systems in the cell correct the double-stranded breaks by joining bro- ken ends back together (see Chapter 16 for a detailed discussion of DNA repair). FIGURE 17-19 Each of the four types of chromosomal rearrangements can be produced by either of two basic mechanisms: chromosome breakage and rejoining or crossing over between repetitive DNA. Chromosome regions are numbered 1 through 10. Homologous 5. If the two ends of the same break are rejoined, the original DNA order is re- stored. If the ends of two different breaks are joined, however, one result is one or another type of chromosomal rearrangement. 6. The only chromosomal rearrangements that survive meiosis are those that produce DNA molecules that have one centromere and two telomeres. If a chromosomes are the same color. Origins of chromosomal rearrangements Breakage and rejoining Crossing over between repetitive DNA Deletion -3 2 Loss 32 4 Loss Deletion and duplication 3 4 23 23 4 Inversion ! 10 10 Translocation 10 6 2 Chromosome break - Joining of broken ends Repetitive DNA segments X Crossover

3. Double-stranded breaks are potentially lethal, unless they are repaired. 4. Repair systems in the cell correct the double-stranded breaks by joining bro- ken ends back together (see Chapter 16 for a detailed discussion of DNA repair). FIGURE 17-19 Each of the four types of chromosomal rearrangements can be produced by either of two basic mechanisms: chromosome breakage and rejoining or crossing over between repetitive DNA. Chromosome regions are numbered 1 through 10. Homologous 5. If the two ends of the same break are rejoined, the original DNA order is re- stored. If the ends of two different breaks are joined, however, one result is one or another type of chromosomal rearrangement. 6. The only chromosomal rearrangements that survive meiosis are those that produce DNA molecules that have one centromere and two telomeres. If a chromosomes are the same color. Origins of chromosomal rearrangements Breakage and rejoining Crossing over between repetitive DNA Deletion -3 2 Loss 32 4 Loss Deletion and duplication 3 4 23 23 4 Inversion ! 10 10 Translocation 10 6 2 Chromosome break - Joining of broken ends Repetitive DNA segments X Crossover

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter14: Dna Structure And Replication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9TYK

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8. Using recombinant DNA techniques (which willbe described in Chapter 9), it is possible to take theDNA of a gene from any source and place it on achromosome in the nucleus of a yeast cell. Whenyou take the DNA for a human gene and put it into ayeast cell chromosome, the altered yeast cell canmake the human protein. But when you remove theDNA for a gene normally present on yeast mitochondrial chromosomes and put it on a yeast chromosome inthe nucleus, the yeast cell cannot synthesize the correctprotein, even though the gene comes from the sameorganism. Explain. What would you need to do to ensurethat such a yeast cell could make the correct protein?
1. Draw a chromosome and a pair of homologs (or homolog pairs, or homologous chromosomes). Label on the chromosome and homologous pair; the centromere and sister chromatids. In each of these drawings explain how many and where are the Watson and Crick double strand DNA molecules.
The statement DNA replicates by a semiconservative mechanism means that (a) only one DNA strand is copied (b) first one DNA strand is copied and then the other strand is copied (c) the two strands of a double helix have identical base sequences (d) some portions of a single DNA strand are old and other portions are newly synthesized (e) each double helix consists of one old and one newly synthesized strand
Which of the following codes describes position 12 on the long arm of chromosome 13? 13p12 13q12 12p13 12q13
A chromosome contains many different genes that are transcribed into different ___ . a. proteins b. polypeptides c. RNAs d. a and b
A major difference between hereditary information in eukaryotes and prokaryotes is: a. in prokaryotes, the hereditary information is distributed among individual, linear DNA molecules in the nucleus. b. in eukaryotes, the hereditary information is encoded in a single, circular DNA molecule. c. in prokaryotes, the hereditary information is usually distributed among multiple circular DNA molecules in the cytoplasm. d. in eukaryotes, the hereditary information is distributed among individual, linear DNA molecules in the cytoplasm. e. in eukaryotes, the hereditary information is distributed amoung individual, linear DNA molecules in the nucleus.
A nucleosome consists of (a) DNA and scaffolding proteins (b) scaffolding proteins and histones (c) DNA and histones (d) DNA, histones, and scaffolding proteins (e) histones only
4. What indicate the relative location of genes on chromosome? A. chromosome site B. chromosome maps C. chromosome guide D. chromosome loci
What type of chromosomal rearrangement occurs o If a single chromosome suffers two double-strand breaks, loss of the fragment between the breaks followed by DNA repair that fuses the remaining broken ends (nonhomologous end-joining) ?
3c. there are three enzymes that go by the name of DNA polymerase 1 2 and 3. please describe the main functions of each in a cell
1. Suggest reasons for why DNA mutations are not all phenotypic. 2. A mutant bacteria has been found which lacks all DNA methylation enzymes. How would this mutation affect the fidelity of mismatch repair?
8. The term that describes the classification of chromosome in pairs is called A Karyotype B. Chromosome C. Chromatin D. DNA