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- Heat transfers Water (T= 10 C, , k=0.644 W/m.C, υ = 5.54× 10^-7 m2/s, Pr=3.55), flow over plate 1m x 1m , with velocity 2 m/s. the plate surface temperature is 90 C. Give the answer for the following: Nu number equal to Total heat transfer The flow type The average heat transfer coefficientSubject: Thermodynamics The actual velocity of gas entering in a chimney is 8m/sec. The gas temperature is 25°C and pressure of 98 kpa with a molecular weight of 30 kg/kgmol-°k. Determine the chimney diameter if mass of gas is 50,000 kg/hr.A cold wave in the US brings temperature to -53 °C. A cold air mass, known as the polar vortex, passed through the United States in January 2019 and caused the temperature to reach -53 °C. Several states declared an emergency, while Chicago and North Dakota experienced -30"C and -37"C, respectively. It can be said that the lowest temperature recorded, in Kelvin, by the Chicago thermometers was:
- Consider two cases involving parallel flow of dry air at V=V= 2.5 m/s, T∞=45°C, and atmospheric pressure over an isothermal plate at Ts=20°C. In the first case, Rex,c=Rex,c=5 × 105, while in the second case the flow is tripped to a turbulent state at x=0 m. a. At what x‐location, in m, are the thermal boundary layer thicknesses of the two cases equal? in m b. what is the q'' lam at W / m^2 c. what is the q'' turb at W / m^2Air at atmospheric pressure enters a heating duct with dimensions of 3 x 6 in. The air enters the 16 ft long duct with a temperature of 32 F, and the duct surface is maintained at 150 F. If the air exit temperature is to be 68 F, what is the air flow, in lb/hr? (answer in whole number) For air, R = 53.342 ft-lbf/lbm-R, k = 0.173 Btu-in/ft2-hr-F, and cp = 0.24 Btu/lbm-A gasoline engine is at a location where the temperature is measured to be 14.2 °C and produces 347 KW at 5800 rpm while consuming 0.0184 kg's of fuel. During operation, data shows that its mechanical energy loss is 18 %, the actual volume of air going into each cylinder is 80% (the volumetric efficiency has a negligible variation), and the actual fuel-to-air ratio is 0.065. What were the engine parameters at sea level conditions if the pressure here is 100.3 kPa and the temeratur here is 18 Uc hotter than that of the alevated conditions? Determine at sea-level conditions the ISFC in ka/kW-hr Use four (4) decimal places in your solution and answer.
- A gasoline engine is at a location where the temperature is measured to be 14.2 °C and produces 347 KW at 5800 rpm while consuming 0.0184 kg's of fuel. During operation, data shows that its mechanical energy loss is 18 %, the actual volume of air going into each cylinder is 80% (the volumetric efficiency has a negligible variation), and the actual fuel-to-air ratio is 0.065. What were the engine parameters at sea level conditions if the pressure here is 100.3 kPa and the temeratur here is 18 Uc hotter than that of the alevated conditions? Determine at sea-level conditions the ISFC in ka/kW-hrSubject : Thermofluid Question : A wind turbine four 10 cm diameter cups with a center-to-center distance of 40 cm, as shown in Figure 4. Due to a malfunction, the pivot is suddenly stuck, and the cups stop rotating. If the wind speed is 12 m/s moving at the described direction and air density is 1.25 kg/m3. Determine the maximum torque this turbine applies on the pivot.In the United States, energy for household heating is generally sold using English units, e.g., therm, gal, and cord. A house in Wisconsin uses 1200 therms of thermal energy during the heating season. Calculate the cost of fuel if the furnace uses (a) natural gas with an efficiency of 70%; (b) No. 2 fuel oil, efficiency 65%; (c) kerosene, efficiency 99.9% (unvented); and (d) wood with l5% moisture with an efficiency of 50%. Use the data in Tables 2.2, 2.7, and 2.13. The efficiencies are based on the HHV. Assume the cost of natural gas is $8/MBtu, the cost of No. 2 fuel oil is $3/gal, the cost of kerosene is $3.50/gal, and the cost of wood is $100/cord. Assume the bulk density of cord wood is 30 lbm/ft3 .
- 8. A coal fired steam boiler uses 3000 kg of coal per hour. Air required for combustion is 15.5 kg ofcoal at barometric pressure of 98.2 KPa. The flue gas has temperature of 285 degree Celsiusand an average molecular weight of 30. Assuming an ash loss of 11% and allowable gas velocityof 7.5 meters per second. Find the diameter of the chimney 9. The gas density is 0.75 kg per cubic meters and air density is of 1.15 kg per cubic meter. If thedriving pressure is 0.25 KPA. Determine the height of the chimney. 10. A powerplant situated at an altitude having an ambient air of 96.53 KPa and 23.88 degreeCelsius. Flue gases at a rate of 5.0 kg per second enter the stack at 200 degree Celsius andleaves at 160 degree Celsius. The flue gases gravimetric analysis are 18% CO2, 7% O2 and 75%N2. Calculate the height of the stack necessary for a driving pressure of 0.20 KPaKindly answer all please. Thank youTo good approximation, the thermal conductivity k of a gasdepends only on the density ρ ,mean free path l , gas constant R , and absolute temperatureT . For air at 20 8 C and 1 atm, k ≈0.026 W/(m.K) and l ≈6.5 E-8 m. Use this information to determine k for hydrogenat 20 ° C and 1 atm if l ≈ 1.2 E-7 m.A cylindrical tank shown below has a radius ? and a circular orifice at the bottom of radius ?. At time ? = 0 the liquid level in the tank is ho. (a) Use the Bernoulli equation to determine the relations between the orifice velocity ?o and the free surface velocity ?s (assume the surface velocity is not zero). (b) Use conservation of mass to determine the orifice velocity in terms of the free surface velocity. (c) Use the results in (a) and (b) to derive a differential equation for h(?). Note that ?s = − dh/dt. d) Separate variables and solve the equation for h(?) with the initial condition h(0) = ho (e) Determine how long it will take to empty the tank.