342 8 Sequences and Series is given in two parts: if a Sn =I+ nc for V n E N; 1, if a + 1, C Sn = a"A+ 1 for Vn E N. a When a = 1, any particular solution is obtained by determining a specific, numerical value for I. In fact, a particular solution is determined by a specific, numerical value J for any (particular) entry, S;. Solving the equation J =I+ jc for I, I = J – jc. // since S; = I+ jc // where So = I we get // One particular “particular solution" has I = 0. When a + 1, any particular solution is obtained by determining a specific, numerical value for A; if the starting value I is given, then A = I – In fact, 1 - a a particular solution is determined by a specific, numerical value J for any (particular) entry, S;. Solving the equation J = Aa + for A, 1 - a 1 A = aj we get // But what if a = 0? 1 - // One particular “particular solution" has A = 0. Example 8.2.1: The Towers of Hanoi The recurrence equation for the number of moves in the Towers of Hanoi problem is a first-order linear recurrence equation: Tn = 2Tn-1+1. C 1 Here a =2 and c = 1, so 1 = -1, and any sequence T that satisfies — а 1 this RE is given by the formula Tn = 2" [1 – (-1)] +(-1) = 2" [I+ 1] – 1.

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Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
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Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
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Solve the first-order linear recurrence relation: Sn+1 = 5 Sn + 1, with S0=1. You may use the general solution given on P.342.

342
8 Sequences and Series
is given in two parts:
if a
Sn =I+ nc
for V n E N;
1,
if a + 1,
C
Sn = a"A+
1
for Vn E N.
a
When a =
1, any particular solution is obtained by determining a specific,
numerical value for I. In fact, a particular solution is determined by a specific,
numerical value J for any (particular) entry, S;. Solving the equation
J =I+ jc for I,
I = J – jc.
// since S; = I+ jc
// where So = I
we get
// One particular “particular solution" has I = 0.
When a + 1, any particular solution is obtained by determining a specific,
numerical value for A; if the starting value I is given, then A = I –
In fact,
1 - a
a particular solution is determined by a specific, numerical value J for any
(particular) entry, S;. Solving the equation
J = Aa +
for A,
1 - a
1
A =
aj
we get
// But what if a = 0?
1 -
// One particular “particular solution" has A = 0.
Example 8.2.1: The Towers of Hanoi
The recurrence equation for the number of moves in the Towers of Hanoi
problem is a first-order linear recurrence equation:
Tn = 2Tn-1+1.
C
1
Here a =2 and c =
1, so
1
= -1, and any sequence T that satisfies
— а
1
this RE is given by the formula
T, = 2"[1 – (-1)]+(-1)
= 2" [I+ 1] – 1.
Assuming T has domain N and denoting To by I, we saw at the beginning of this
chapter several particular solutions:
(0, 1,3,7, 15, 31,...);
= (2,5,11,23, 47, 95, ...);
if I = 0, then
if I = 2, then
if I = 4, then
if I = -1, then T = (-1,-1,-1,-1,–1,...). // Tn = 2"(–1+1] – 1=
T =
// T, = 2" [0+1] – 1 = 2"
-1.
// Tn = 2" [2+ 1] – 1 = 3 x 2" – 1.
T = (4,9, 19, 39, 79, 159, ...); // T = 2"[4 + 1] – 1 = 5 x 2" – 1.
-1.
Transcribed Image Text:342 8 Sequences and Series is given in two parts: if a Sn =I+ nc for V n E N; 1, if a + 1, C Sn = a"A+ 1 for Vn E N. a When a = 1, any particular solution is obtained by determining a specific, numerical value for I. In fact, a particular solution is determined by a specific, numerical value J for any (particular) entry, S;. Solving the equation J =I+ jc for I, I = J – jc. // since S; = I+ jc // where So = I we get // One particular “particular solution" has I = 0. When a + 1, any particular solution is obtained by determining a specific, numerical value for A; if the starting value I is given, then A = I – In fact, 1 - a a particular solution is determined by a specific, numerical value J for any (particular) entry, S;. Solving the equation J = Aa + for A, 1 - a 1 A = aj we get // But what if a = 0? 1 - // One particular “particular solution" has A = 0. Example 8.2.1: The Towers of Hanoi The recurrence equation for the number of moves in the Towers of Hanoi problem is a first-order linear recurrence equation: Tn = 2Tn-1+1. C 1 Here a =2 and c = 1, so 1 = -1, and any sequence T that satisfies — а 1 this RE is given by the formula T, = 2"[1 – (-1)]+(-1) = 2" [I+ 1] – 1. Assuming T has domain N and denoting To by I, we saw at the beginning of this chapter several particular solutions: (0, 1,3,7, 15, 31,...); = (2,5,11,23, 47, 95, ...); if I = 0, then if I = 2, then if I = 4, then if I = -1, then T = (-1,-1,-1,-1,–1,...). // Tn = 2"(–1+1] – 1= T = // T, = 2" [0+1] – 1 = 2" -1. // Tn = 2" [2+ 1] – 1 = 3 x 2" – 1. T = (4,9, 19, 39, 79, 159, ...); // T = 2"[4 + 1] – 1 = 5 x 2" – 1. -1.
Therefore, the general solution of the recurrence equation
Sn+1
aS, +c
for V n E N
(8.2.1)
Transcribed Image Text:Therefore, the general solution of the recurrence equation Sn+1 aS, +c for V n E N (8.2.1)
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