4. Assume no crossing over between homologous chromosomes, what is the probability that two randomly selected sperm cells (male gametes) will get the same paternal chromosome 11 (chromosome 11 is an autosome)? Explain your reasoning. beicool
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- Which of the following can be used to carry foreign DNA into host cells? Choose all correct answers. a. RNA b. viruses c. PCR d. plasmids e. lipid clusters f. blasts of pellets g. xenotransplantation h. nanoparticlesWhich of the following is not correct for bacterial conjugation? a. Both Hfr and F+ bacteria have the ability to code for a sex pilus. b. After an F- cell has conjugated with an F+, its plasmid holds the F+ factor. c. The recipient cell is Hfr following conjugation. d. In an HfrF- conjugation, DNA of the main chromosomemoves to a recipient cell. e. Genes on the F factor encode proteins of the sex pilus.1. Use influenza as an example to explain why immune pathology significant, and why current treatments is (i.e. neuraminidase inhibitors such as Tamiflu) are not always effective. 2. Compare/contrast quantitating virus via PCR versus using a plaque assay. (/2). What are the requirements for each of them, and how might each of them be beneficial or not beneficial?
- 1. Write if the statement is true and modify the statement with the correct answer if its false a.Blue colonies in the white-blue screening provide sufficient information on the transfer of recombinant DNA in bacterial cells. b.In blue-white screening, it is only the blue colonies that have survived the effect of antibiotics in the media. c.Bacterial transformation simply means the insertion of a recombinant plasmid into a bacterial cell. d.Competent cells are those bacterial cells that can accept the entry or re-entry of plasmids.(a) Describe the actions with reason that should be taken under the following situations: (i) An unlabelled collection tube with a requisition for a V Leiden test is received in the laboratory. (ii) After PCR, the amplification control has failed to yield a product. (iii) DNA is stored overnight in a refrigerator set at 8oC but reads 14 oC. (iv) An isolated DNA sample is to be stored for at least 6 months. (v) The expiration date on a reagent has passed. (b) Explain briefly about genetic testing for new-born, including the importance of genetic testing and the disorder that genetic testing can detect.11 Enzyme assay A) Always involves asking a substrate B) Can be very smoke or very complex C) Always involves ultraviolet light D) A-C are incorrect 12 Isolation of chromosomal (total) DNA using a spin column A) Involves a filtration step to remove many different molecules B) Lysis is an optional step C) Elution is not necessary D) Results in a very pure protein preparation 13 Isolation of chromosomal (total) DNA using a spin column A) Cells must be used using an appropriate method B) Cell lysis is required C) Elution of DNA required regardless of the cell type used in the experiment D) A-C are correct. 14 Isolation of chromosomal (total) DNA using a spin column A) Washing the spin column is optional B) DNA must be eluted from the spin column C) Does not involve centrifugation D) Only molecules that are supposed to bind to the column do so.
- 3 types of common coronavirus tests (RT-PCR for viral RNA with Taqman detection, lateral flow antibody tests, and lateral flow antigen tests) have been examined. a) The RT-PCR with Taqman detection is used to test for viral RNA in univeristy laboratory for testing saliva samples. Why do you think a univerisity chose chose this test to screen students/faculty/staff for Covid-19 on a regular basis? Explain your answer by discussing advantages/disadvantages of the test. b)An antigen test was used to screen students in when they arrived on campus. Why do you think a univeristy chose this test for this purpose? What are advantages and disadvantages of this test? c)Do you think the RT-PCR test with Taqman detection for viral RNA is best test for regular screening? Justify your answer.describe each step carefully and use your own words. Steps will be like following; I) Primer design for SLIC cloning and the protocol II) Transformation and sequence validation of the clones III) Culture of HEK293T IV) Transduction of HEK293T cells with plasmid V) Western Blotting VI) Immunfluorescence for Confocal Microscopy1. Which of these methods will allow quantification of a vaccine? a. Immunocytochemistry b. Flow Cytometry c. Western Blot d. ELISA 2. Sanger sequencing depends on _____________ during in vitro DNA replication a.random incorporation of fluorescent-labelled deoxynucleotides which releases a color after being added to the DNA chain b.random incorporation of pyrophosphate-labelled deoxynucleotides which a releases color upon addition of substrate c.random incorporation of fluorescent-labelled dideoxynucleotides which terminates the growing chain d. subsequent ligation of a DNA octamer with two known specific bases
- Need help To prove a BIM had evolved to be phage 2972 resistant, what experiment could you carry out? (already carried out 2% agarose gel PCR, what experiment could be carried out that is similar?)3A. Following transformation with the CRISPR plasmid, the yeast will be plated on SD-URA plates. Why is SD-URA media used? Name the relevant marker gene in the pCRCT CRISPR plasmid. 3B. What would you expect to see if you plated on YED accidentally? Will most of the yeast be red or white? Why? 3C. The complete genotype of the host yeast strain is MATa ade2 his3 leu2 met15 ura3. Name one advantage of using a yeast strain with auxotrophies for several genes (i.e. his3, leu2 and ura3). 3D. After successful CRIPSR editing, the yeast can later be “cured” of the recombinant CRISPR plasmid – that is, the plasmid is lost but the CRISPR edit is stably inherited. Write the new genotype of the yeast-based on the ADE6 gene.1) Which technique is best suited to determining which genes are activated in a bacterium during infection while causing disease in a person. a) SDS-page b) microarray analysis c) RFLP analysis d) clone library analysis 2)Which of the following is not an application of PCR? a) Determine if two people are related. b) Identify a bacterial pathogen in a patient sample. c) Determine the gene sequence of the gene that codes for a bacterial enterotoxin. d) These are all applications of PCR.