4. The organism circled at the base of a phylogenetic tree is A نام B C the simplest organisms among those depicted in the tree. the common ancestor of all the organisms depicted in the tree. the oldest living organism among those depicted in the tree. the modern form of the common ancestor of all the organisms depicted in the tree.

4. The organism circled at the base of a phylogenetic tree is A نام B C the simplest organisms among those depicted in the tree. the common ancestor of all the organisms depicted in the tree. the oldest living organism among those depicted in the tree. the modern form of the common ancestor of all the organisms depicted in the tree.

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter20: Phylogenies And The History Of Life

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14RQ: What does the trunk of the classic phylogenetic tree represent? single common ancestor pool of...

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What does the trunk of the classic phylogenetic tree represent? single common ancestor pool of ancestral organisms new species old species
(top or bottom) Species A, B, C, D, and, E are all extant species (living today; not to be confused with “extinct” species). Consider the common ancestor shared between humans and species A (ancestor A-H), the common ancestor between species B and humans (ancestor B-H), etc. Which of thetwo trees below best represents the phylogenetic relationship between species shown in the nucleotide divergence plot above (top tree or bottom tree)?
Which trait shown is shared by all of the organisms in the phylogenetic tree?
Why is it important for scientists to distinguish between homologous and analogous characteristics before building a Phylogenetic tree?
Examine the following phylogenetic tree illustrated in Figure shown in the first picture. In general, what does a phylogenetic tree illustrate? How do you compare the relationships of organisms BB, CC, and DD? Given the following organisms in the Table in the second picture, number them in terms of which is relatively closest and distant. Number 1 refers to closest.
For the E.coli. bacteria (prokaryotic species) and humans (eukaryotic species), show photos of their location in the phylogenetic tree, and their clade.
a) What is a phylogenetic tree? b) What is a branch point? c) What are sister taxa? d) What is a ‘rooted’ phylogenetic tree?
To construct a phylogenetic tree by applying the principles of parsimony to molecular sequence data, one would: a. start by making assumptions about variations in the rates atwhich different DNA segments evolve. b. group together organisms that share the largest number ofancestral sequences. c. group together organisms that share derived sequences, matching the groups to those defined by morphologicalcharacters. d. group together organisms that share derived sequences, minimizing the number of hypothesized evolutionarychanges. e. identify derived sequences by studying the embryology of theorganisms.
Some organisms that appear very closely related on a phylogenetic tree may not actually be closely related. Why is this?
Phylogenetic trees are a type of model that can be used to show how organisms are related through common ancestry. The phylogenetic tree model represents nodes numbered 1 through 8. Using evidence from the phylogenetic tree determine which species would be MOST closely related to the species on branch C? Question options: The species on Branch A is most closely related to the species on branch C because they share the most recent common ancestor at node 1. The species on Branch B is most closely related to the species on branch C because they share the greatest number of common +ancestors. The species on Branch A & B are both most closely related to the species on branch C because they share the most most recent common ancestor at node 2. The species on Branches F, G, H, and I are all equally related to the species on branch C because they all split from a common ancestor at the same time which is illustrated by having nodes 2 and 7 at the…
Which specific type of character state is most useful in constructing a phylogenetic tree? options: shared derived state ancestral state uniquely derived state derived state
What does a phylogenetic tree depict?