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- 5. Which statement regarding the use of rocuronium is true? A) It has more rapid onset than vecuronium B) It has the same mechanism of action as succinylcholine C) It is the least cardiac stable neuromuscular blocking agent D) It has a significantly longer duration than vecuronium?1. Explain the importance of using vasoconstrictors in the induction of local anesthesia. 2. Discuss briefly the difference between ester local anesthesia and amide local anesthesia.Which of the following is a contraindication to anticoagulant use? A) Recent injury B) Diabetes C) Asthma D) Dizziness Which of the following is an antiplatelet medication? A) Diltiazem B) Labetalol C) Procainamide D) Aspirin A commonly shared action of all antiarrhythmics is that they _____________________. A) Inhibit calcium absorption B) Cause vasoconstriction C) Slow the heart rate D) Prevent bradycardia Which of the following medications is an ACE inhibitor? A) Aspirin B) Labetalol C) Lisinopril D) Simvastatin A Class II antiarrhythmic blocks ____________ channels. A) Potassium B) Beta C) Sodium D) Calcium A potential complication with the administration of a diuretic is ______________________. A) Hypothermia B) Hypernatremia C) Hypokalemia D) Hypoglycemia
- Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is helpful in reducing the effect of a stroke only under which of these conditions?A. It is helpful only if the stroke was due to a hemorrhage.B. It is helpful only if administered within the first hours after a stroke.C. It is helpful only if the patient practices relevant movements while taking the drug.D. It is effective only for laboratory animals, not for humans.The diving reflex consists of 1. Tachycardia 2. Decreased cardiac output 3. Bradycardia 4. Peripheral vasoconstriction A. 2 only B. 3 and 4 only C. 1 and 3 only D. 2, 3, and 4 onlyA characteristic of blood circulation through or to the heart is that: a. the superior vena cava conveys blood to the head. b. the inferior vena cava conveys blood to the right atrium. c. the pulmonary arteries convey blood from the lungs to theleft atrium. d. the pulmonary veins convey blood into the left ventricle. e. the aorta branches into two coronary arteries that conveyblood from heart muscle.
- 1 Which of the following is a contraindication to the antiarrhythmic Amiodarone? A) Tachycardia B) Allergy to Lidocaine C) Bradycardia D) Hypertension 2 Which of the following is a common side effect of cholesterol medication? A) Muscle pain B) Diabetes C) Headache D) Decreased urination 3 Which of the following most accurately describes the mechanism of action of a "statin"? A) Inhibits platelet aggregation B) Inhibits sodium excretion in the kidneys C) Inhibits cholesterol production in the liver D) Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle 4 Which of the following is an indication to the antiarrhythmic Amiodarone? A) Bradycardia B) Hypercalcemia C) Hypertension D) Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)1. Mean arterial pressure readings over 3 months are between 95 and 105mmHg for patient X and between 140 and 150 mmHg for patient Y. What isthe effect of a rapid decrease in carotid sinus pressure?A)Increase in both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve activity only inpatient X.B)Increase in sympathetic and decrease parasympathetic nerve activity only inpatient X.D)Increase in firing in the baroreceptor afferents about equally in bothpatients.C) Increase in plasma renin activity only in patient Y.E) Decrease in parasympathetic nerve activity about equally in both patients.A patient who has recently had a myocardial infarction (MI) has started therapy with a beta blocker. The nurse explains that the main purpose of the beta blocker for this patient is to a) cause vasodilation of the coronary arteries.b) prevent hypertension.c) increase conduction through the SA node.d) protect the heart from circulating catecholamines
- 1) Please answer the following regarding Cardiovascular Drugs. A) What are the difference between the hypertensive drugs and list the drug corresponding to each category:1. Beta Blockers, 2.Calcium Channel Blockers, 3.Ace Inhibitor,4. Angiotensin II Blockers, 5. Diuretics. B) What are the difference between the cholesterol Lowering Agents and List the drugs corresponding to each category.There is reduced blood flow to tissues and organs in cardiogenic shock. What is the main cause of this reduced blood flow? Question 4 options: a) A decrease in systemic vascular resistance b) A reduction in preload c) A reduction in cardiac output d) The loss of sympathetic tone2: A different patient (not the one above!!) had to have Atropine administered, which is a parasympathetic antagonist. FIRST, describe what the parasympathetic system does to the heart, including what neurotransmitter it uses and the mechanism of action on the heart. NEXT, explain the effects atropine would have on the heart and whyone common side effect is dry mouth. 3: You also tended to a verbose and flamboyantly dressed zookeeper who came in with a gun strapped to his waist (remember, no names! Lawsuits! HIPPA!). He had been mauled by a tiger and an artery had been hit, causing loss of blood. Describethe immediate cardiovascular reflex this patient’s body started to counter the sudden drop in blood volume and the effects that reflex would have on the cardiovascular system.