24. Which of the following could lead to renal osteodystrophy?a. low levels of parathyroid hormoneb. high levels of blood calciumc. injections of calcitrold. increased physical activitye. a high protein dietraboocaused

Osteitis fibrosa cystica is caused by an increase in parathyroid hormone. Hypercalcaemia caused by…

Answered: 4. Which of the following could lead to…

Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology

7th Edition

ISBN:9781337794909

Author:Des Jardins, Terry.

Publisher:Des Jardins, Terry.

Chapter16: Renal Failure And Its Effects On The Cardiopulmonary System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8RQ

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Which of the following could lead to renal osteodystrophy?a. low levels of parathyroid hormoneb. high levels of blood calciumc. injections of calcitrold. increased physical activitye. a high protein diet
Describe the effect of each of the following conditions onserum calcium levels and on bone density: (1) hyperparathy-roidism, (2) renal failure, and (3) very large intake of vitamin D
Renal failure will almost always result in the development of bone disorders. Briefly describe the reasons for renal osteodystrophy.
a. Explain your understanding of the renal system b. Explain ypur understanding of the different types and composition of the bone c. Explain your understanding of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
The macula densa is/are: present in the renal medulla dense tissue present in the outer layer of the kidney cells present in the DCT and collecting tubules present in blood capillaries.
Match each .structure with a function. _____ ureter a. start of nephron _____ Bowmans capsule b. delivers urine to body surface _____ urethra c. carries urine from kidney to bladder _____ collecting tubules d. secretes ADH _____ glomerulus e. target to aldosterone _____ pituitary gland f. cluster of leaky capillaries
Which of the following will not lead to a diuresis? a. excessive sweatingb. central diabetes insipidusc. nephrogenic diabetes insipidusd. excessive water intakee. uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
Gout—a condition that results in joint swelling and pain—iscaused by the formation of sodium urate (NaC5H3N4O3) crystalswithin tendons, cartilage, and ligaments. Sodium urate precipitatesout of blood plasma when uric acid levels become abnormallyhigh. This can happen as a result of eating too many rich foodsand consuming too much alcohol, which is why gout is sometimesreferred to as the “disease of kings.” If the sodium concentration inblood plasma is 0.140 M and Ksp for sodium urate is 5.76 * 10-8,what minimum concentration of urate results in precipitation?
A patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed a phosphate binder such as calcium acetate. The nurse understands that this medication is given to: a) Lower serum potassium levels b) Prevent hypocalcemia c) Decrease phosphate absorption and prevent hyperphosphatemia d) Improve renal blood flow
1) Increasing the concentration of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) causes __________. A) more salt to be secreted into the nephron B) less urine to be produced C) blood and body water volume to decrease D) the collecting duct to become less water permeable E) less water to be reabsorbed by the nephron and collecting duct F) all of the above
1. The main goal of treatment for acute glomerulonephritis is to: a. encourage activity. b. encourage high protein intake. c. maintain fluid balance. d. teach intermittent urinary catheterization. 2. The most common, preventable complication of abdominal surgery is: a. atelectasis. b. fluid and electrolyte imbalance. c. thrombophlebitis. d. urinary retention. Only right answer needed
A 50-year-old man has low serum calcium and high serum phosphate levels. His urinary cAMP levels are low. He most likely suffers from: a. Hypoparathyroidism b. Hyperparathyroidism c. Vitamin D deficiency d. Cushing’s syndrome Bone loss associated with renal failure occurs because: a. the failing kidney is no longer capable of PTH production b. renal phosphate clearance decreases in renal failure c. the failing kidney increases activation of vitamin D d. renal calcium clearance increases in renal failure

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4. Which of the following could lead to renal osteodystrophy? a. low levels of parathyroid hormone b. high levels of blood calcium c. injections of calcitrol d. increased physical activity e. a high protein diet