8) Mark derives utility from watching movies and from playing computer games according to the utility function U(c, m) = 6c¹/³m¹/2, where c is the number of hours he plays games and m is the number of hours he watches movies. He has 15 hours per day to divide between these two activities. Write down Mark's constrained utility maximization problem and his Lagrangian function. Derive the first order conditions and find the candidate solution (c*, m*).
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- A young consumer has to decide how to spend his spare time. He can either watch movies x or play online video games y. Each round of the game cost 20 and each movie cost 20. He has 200 dollars to spend each week. In addition, he has time constraint. He can spend no more than 20 hours for entertainment each week. A movie last 2 hours and playing a game takes about 1 hour. His utility is given by √xy. Use the Kuhn-Tucker condition to find his optimal choice. (Assume that x and y can take any value, not necessarily integers.) Does the solution satisfy the necessary and sufficient condition for a maximum?Bob has a utility function U(x, y) = √x1 + 0.8√x2 + 0.64√x3 over his incomes x1, x2, x3 in the next three years. This function is an example of (A) expected utility; (B) quasi-hyperbolic utility function; (C) discounted utility; (D) none of the above. . Which of the following preferences agree with Bob’s utility? (A) (9, 10, 11) ≻ (9, 10, 12); (B) (9, 10, 11) ≻ (11, 10, 9);(C) (9, 10, 11) ≻ (9, 11, 10); (D) none of the above. Bob’s utility function implies (A) time stationarity; (B) transitivity; (C) impatience; (D) all of the above.Mats, who has reference-dependent preferences over beer and money, goes to the local pub with a friend, but is not planning on drinking any beer or spending any of his 50 Euro in cash. Let his end-of-evening outcomes in pints of beer consumed and cash be c1 and c2, respectively, and let his reference point in pints of beer and cash be r1 and r2, respectively. Then, Mats’ utility is given by v(6c1 − 6r1) + v(c2 − r2), where v(x) = x for x ≥ 0, and v(x) = 1.5x for x < 0. (a) Suppose that the price of beer is pB. Calculate Mats’ utility from drinking one pint of beer at this price. What is Mats’ utility from drinking no beer? And, comparing these two utility values, what is the maximum price pB that Mats would pay for one beer? (b) Suppose that Mats unexpectedly gets a pint of beer as part of a promotion at the pub, and incorporates its consumption into his reference point in beer. [Hint: this means that (r1, r2) = (1, 50).] Suppose that Mats could sell the beer at a price pS.…
- A consumer is maximising her utility function: U(x, y) = (x¹/³+y¹/³)³, subject to the budget constraint x + 3y = 100. (a) Set up the Lagrangian function of this utility maximisation problem and derive the first-order conditions. (b) What are the utility maximizing amounts of x and y? Also, calculate the Lagrange multiplier. (c) What are the utility maximising amounts of x and y if the budget constraint changes to x + 3y = 50? Also, calculate the Lagrange multiplier.An agent has income m that can be spent on frequent flier miles f or on other goods – a “composite good” g. Their respective prices are: pf = 10 per mile and pg = 1 per unit. The flier miles have a stepwise price schedule. After the first 25 miles the price is reduced by 20% and after 50 miles the price is further reduced by another 50%.1. Put g on the vertical axis and f on the horizontal axis. Assume m = 200, and draw the budget constraint with all the intercepts and appropriate slopes. 2. On a separate graph, repeat part (1) for m = 300. 3. On a separate graph, repeat part (1) for m = 600.You are given the following utility function and price of commodities q1 and q2: U = 3q1+q1q2-5q2-15 P1=3 and p2=2 If the corresponding bugdet is 20. i. Write the consumer's budget equation,augmented objective function, ii.construct a constrained utility maximization problem out of the information given above, Is the second order condition for a maximum satisfied? Iii. Find the optimum level of U and the levels of q1 and q2 that will satisfy the first order condition for a maximum.
- 2. Consider the two-good model of the utility maximization program subject to a budget constraint. The utility function U of a hypothetical rational consumer and his/her budget constraint are given, respectively, by: U = x1x2, (U) B = p1x1 + p2x2, (B) where xi = the consumer’s demand for consumption good i (i = 1, 2), pi = the price of consumption good i (i = 1, 2), and B = the (exogenously given) budget of the consumer. In this maximization program, assume the following data: B = 240, p1 = 10, p2 = 2. (a) Using the Lagrangian function L, derive the first-order (necessary) conditions for a (local) maximum of the utility function. (b) Compute the optimal values of all choice variables, i.e., x*1 , x*2, and λ* , in the program, where λ signifies the Lagrange multiplier. (c) Using the information of the bordered Hessian matrix H¯ , verify the second order (sufficient) condition for a (local) maximum of the utility function. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy…Brit-Brick is a company that produces bricks and cement in the UK. Their largest consumer is ConstrUK, a UK construction company. The manager of Brit-Brick has asked the research department to find out how sensitive ConstrUK’s demand for bricks is. The research department has estimated that ConstrUK’s preferences over bricks (x) and cement (y) can be described by the utility function U(x,y)=xb/10y1-b/10 where b is 2, and where x and y are measured in bags. Example: if b=4, then . U(x,y)=x4/10y1-4/10=x2/5y3/5 The price for one bag of cement is equal to £1. It is estimated that ConstrUK’s budget is £10,000. Find the price-consumption curve for bricks and the corresponding demand curve.A consumer has a perfect complements utility function, where she prefers to have one unit of H with each unit of G. Also, she has an income of $210. Assume that the price of H is $8 and the price of G is $6. What is the consumer's optimal choice for good G*? Group of answer choices 11 12 15 16
- Michael does not like to mix peanut butter and jelly in the same sandwich. However, he will consume them separately; for him, a sandwich with 1 spoon of peanut butter is exactly the same as a sandwich with 2 spoons of jelly. Michael has an income of m = 50, and the prices per spoonful of peanut butter and jelly are pPB=5 and pJ=11. Please write down Michael’s utility function over peanut butter (PB) and jelly (J). 2. Please determine Michael’s Marshallian demands PB*m and J*m3. Please determine Michael’s new Marshallian demands PB*m and J*m, when the price of peanut butter falls to pPB = 1.4. What are the (Hicks) SE and IE? Draw a diagram to show your analysis, with peanut butter on thehorizontal axis, and jelly on the vertical axis. 5. Recall that there are two different types of substitution effects. For example, in Q2 we have used theHicks SE. Does your answer to the last part change if we use the Slutsky SE? Justify. 6. Nam likes his peanut butter and jelly sandwiches with exactly…2. Tom spends all his $100 weekly income on two goods, apples and bananas. His utility function is given by U (A, B) = AB, where A and B stand for the quantity of apples and bananas consumed by Tom. If PA = $4 and PB= $10, how many apples and bananas will he consume? Make sure you write out the utility maximization problem explicitly, including the decision variable(s). What if his utility function is given by U (A, B) = A0.5B 0.5?1. Use budget constraints to express consumption levels, ct and ct+1. (Hint: Use income conditions given above in the budget constraint. Notice that there are two possible states in the second period.)2. Rewrite the utility maximization problem as choosing the optimal at alone. (Hint: Replace ct and ct+1 in the utility function with your answers from point 1. Use probabilities to derive the expected value in the utility function. Remember that a random variable that takes values x1 in state one with probability p and x2 in state two with probability 1 − p has the expected value E [x] = p.x1 + (1 − p).x2)3. Derive the first order condition and find the optimal value of savings, at. (Hint: The only control (choice) variable is at)4. Does household accumulate precautionary savings to self-insure against the scenario of low income in the second period? Why or why not?