_____ is when everyone in a country is covered by insurance that is run and administered by the government. This strategy is effective at combatting _____. a. Means tested health insurance; adverse selection b. Universal public health insurance; adverse selection c. Universal public health insurance; moral hazard d. Compulsory insurance; moral hazard e. Compulsory insurance; monopoly pricing f. Means tested health insurance; moral hazard

_ is when everyone in a country is covered by insurance that is run and administered by the government. This strategy is effective at combatting _. a. Means tested health insurance; adverse selection b. Universal public health insurance; adverse selection c. Universal public health insurance; moral hazard d. Compulsory insurance; moral hazard e. Compulsory insurance; monopoly pricing f. Means tested health insurance; moral hazard

EBK HEALTH ECONOMICS AND POLICY

7th Edition

ISBN:9781337668279

Author:Henderson

Publisher:Henderson

Chapter12: Medicare

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4QAP

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Explain how each of these situations will affect the quantity demanded of health insurance: d) New technologies that enable medical illness to be predicted more accurately. e) A tendency among buyers to become less risk, on average.
9) In which of the following countries does health insurance not pay for most preventive care procedures? A) Canada B) Japan C) the United Kingdom D) the United States 10) Substantial co-payments are typically not required as a part of the health care system in A) Canada and the United Kingdom. B) Japan and Canada. C) the United States and Japan. D) Japan and the United Kingdom. 11) The largest government-run health care system in the world, with 1.7 million employees, is the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom. The NHS receives its funding primarily from A) tariffs. B) the World Health Organization. C) income taxes. D) private businesses. 12) Typically, the ________ in a country, the higher the level of spending per person on health care. A) higher the level of income per person B) larger the population C) higher the level of income taxes D) lower the median age of the population 13) In ________, health care spending per person…
b) Explain with examples why conflict can arise between the policy goals of efficiency and equity in the provision and access to health care.
(J) Define moral hazard and give an original example. Do you agree with this concept of moral hazard, explain your answer?• What are the main determinants in health disparities and how can these be modified to improve health status and create health equity in society? In addition to what is in the text, elaborate on these determinants and solutions based on observations that you have made in your own life. Provide references in APA style, please.
What are the pro and cons of National Health Service and National Health Insurance when controlling costs while maintaining high quality of care?
2.) Two sources of inefficiency that managed care attempts to address are moral hazard and demand inducement. True or false? a. True b. False
The biggest difference between Beveridge- and Bismarck-style health systems is: a. Beveridge countries all speak English as their main language b. Bismarck countries do not allow for private insurance c. Beveridge countries rank equity above other values and goals d. Bismarck countries tightly regulate private insurance 2. The biggest difference between the United States and Beveridge OR Bismarck counties’ health systems is: a. The US has longer life expectancy for higher income people b. The US permits/tolerates tens of millions of its citizens to be uninsured c. The US does more health technology assessment before utilization than other countries d. The US enjoys spending a higher percentage of its GDP on health care, it is a voluntary choice that reflects preferences for health care over other goods and services
Suppose a particular population has two kinds of health risks, high and low. Let the expected annual health care costs for the high risk be $10,000 and for the low risk, half that. If there are twice as many low risk as high risk individuals, and if the one insurer's administrative load is 20%, what would the community rated premium be if everyone is compelled to and able to buy health insurance?
Suppose that there are two countries, Beta and Gamma. Suppose further that everyone in country Beta is on Insurance B and everyone in country Gamma is on Insurance G. Suppose further that both governments use government-set price controls. In 2005, country Beta decided to change the reimbursement rate for pharmaceuticals, but country Gamma did not make this change. You, a researcher, want to study the effect of offering coverage for this drug had an impact on health expenditures. You have average health expenditures for State Beta and Gamma prior to 2005 and post-2005. Using the information in the table below, a quick difference-in-difference calculation suggests covering this drug ____ health expenditures by approximately ____. State Time Periods Pre-2005 Post-2005 State Beta $1000 $1400 State Gamma $1500 $1700 a. decreased; $400 b. increased; $200 c. increased; $400 d. decreased; $200
Suppose that there are two countries, Beta and Gamma. Suppose further that everyone in country Beta is on Insurance B and everyone in country Gamma is on Insurance G. Suppose further that both governments use government-set price controls. In 2005, country Beta decided to change the reimbursement rate for pharmaceuticals, but country Gamma did not make this change. You, a researcher, want to study the effect of offering coverage for this drug had an impact on health expenditures. You have average health expenditures for State Beta and Gamma prior to 2005 and post-2005. Using your finding from the question above, you can infer that country Beta likely _____ reimbursement rates for pharmaceutical drugs. State Time Periods Pre-2005 Post-2005 State Beta $1000 $1400 State Gamma $1500 $1700 a. lower b. did not change c. raised
TRUE or FLASE? A. The Beveridge model in the United Kingdom reduces moral hazard by having public providers compete to provide high quality care. B. The Bismarck Model in Germany reduces adverse selection primarily by having a universal, compulsory health insurance system. C. The Bismarck Model in Germany emphasizes equity over choice whereas the Beveridge Model in the United Kingdom emphasize choice over equity. D. The Bismarck Model in Germany reduces moral hazard by requiring cost sharing. E. The Bismarck Model in Germany controls costs by allowing private insurers to negotiate competitive rates with private physicians.
Preventive care is not always cost-effective. Suppose that it costs $100 per person to administer a screening exam for a particular disease. Also suppose that if the screening exam finds the disease, the early detection given by the exam will avert $1,000 of costly future treatment. a. Imagine giving the screening test to 100 people. How much will it cost to give those 100 tests? Imagine a case in which 15 percent of those receiving the screening exam test positive. How much in future costly treatments will be averted? How much is saved by setting up a screening system? b. Imagine that everything is the same as in part a except that now only 5 percent of those receiving the screening exam test positive. In this case, how much in future costly treatments will be averted? How much is lost by setting up a screening system?