A 1.5 cm diameter ball bearing at a temperature of 100 C is cooled by passing water at 27 C and a velocity of 0.3 m/s over it. Calculate heat dissapation by the bearing. The thermo-physical properties of the water are µ = 18.46 x 10“ N.s/m2, µs = 20.82 x 10 N.s/m2 p= 1.1614 kg/m', Pr 0.707 and k= 0.0263 W/m.K. Determine:
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- An electrical transmission line of 1.2-cm diameter carries a current of 200 amps and has a resistance of 310-4 ohm per meter of length. If the air around this line is at v, determine the surface temperature on a windy day, assuming a wind blows across the line at 33 km/h.3.10 A spherical shell satellite (3-m-OD, 1.25-cm-thick stainless steel walls) re-enters the atmosphere from outer space. If its original temperature is 38°C, the effective average temperature of the atmosphere is 1093°C, and the effective heat transfer coefficient is , estimate the temperature of the shell after reentry, assuming the time of reentry is 10 min and the interior of the shell is evacuated.Ethylene glycol at 40°C flows over a heated plate very wide, 6 m long, at velocity of 0.04 m/s. For a temperature = 90°C, determine: 1- the thickness of the hydrodynamic boundary layer at the end of the plate2- the thickness of the thermal boundary layer at the end of the plate3- the local and average heat transfer coefficient at the end of the plate4- the total heat flux transferred from the heated surface.
- The nose section of the rocket is made up of a 6 mm thick stainless steel plate (p = 7800 kg/m°, c = 460 J/kg°C, k = 55 W/m°C). It is held initially at a uniform temperature of " T = 47°C. When the rocket enters the denser layers of the atmosphere at a very high velocity the effective temperature of the air surrounding the nose region attains the value 2150 °C; the surface convective heat transfer coefficient is estimated as 3395 W/m?°C. If the maximum metal temperature is not to exceed 1100°C, determine: (i) Maximum permissible time in these surroundings. (i) Inside surface temperature under these conditions.A stainless steel ball (ρ = 8055 kg/m3, cp = 480 J/kg·K) of diameter D = 0.15 m is removed from the oven at a uniform temperature of 350°C. The ball is then subjected to the flow of air at 1 atm pressure and 30°C with a velocity of 6 m/s. The surface temperature of the ball eventually drops to 250°C. Determine the average convection heat transfer coefficient during this cooling process and estimate how long this process has taken. The average surface temperature is 300°C, and the properties of air at 1 atm pressure and the free stream temperature of 30°C are Pr = 0.7282, μs at 300°C = 2.934 × 10–5 kg/m·s, μ∞ = 1.872 × 10–5 kg/m·s, v = 1.608 × 10–5 m2/s, and k = 0.02588 W/m·°C. The average convection heat transfer coefficient during this cooling process is ____ W/m2·°C and time taken is ____ minutes.Water at a temperature of 25oC flows parallel over a flat plate with free-stream velocity of 2 m/s. The plate surface temperature is uniform at 86oC. Calculate: a) Thermal boundary layer thickness at x = 8 cm from leading edge; b) Local heat flux on x = 8 cm from leading edge; c) Total heat transfer rate in the area of plate L = 8 cm from the leading edge and width w = 10 cm.
- Hot methane exhaust gas at 1 atm is being cooled by flat plates. The gas at 150°C flows parallel over the upper and lower surfaces of a 2.5 m long flat plate at a velocity of 2.5 m/s. if the flat plate surface temperature is maintained at 50°C, determine the local convection heat transfer coefficient at 1 m from the leading edge.Air at a temperature of 25oC flows parallel over a flat plate with free-stream velocity of 2 m/s. The plate surface temperature is uniform at 86oC. Calculate: a) Thermal boundary layer thickness at x = 8 cm from leading edge; b) Local heat flux on x = 8 cm from leading edge; c) Total heat transfer rate in the area of plate L = 8 cm from the leading edge and width w = 10 cm.In the effort to increase the removal of heat from a hot surface at 120°C, a cylindrical pin fin (kf = 237 W/m.K) with diameter of 5 mm is attached to the hot surface. Air at 20°C (1 atm) is flowing across the pin fin with a velocity of 10 m/s. Determine the maximum possible rate of heat transfer from the pin fin. Evaluate the air properties at 70°C.
- Exhaust gases at 1 atm and 300°C are used to preheat water in an industrial facility by passing them over a bank of tubes through which water is flowing at a rate of 6 kg/s. The mean tube wall temperature is 80°C. Exhaust gases approach the tube bank in normal direction at 4.5 m/s. The outer diameter of the tubes is 0.035 m, and the tubes are arranged in-line with longitudinal and transverse pitches of SL = ST = 0.09 m. There are 16 rows in the flow direction with eight tubes in each row. Assume the air properties at 250°C and 1 atm. The air properties at the assumed mean temperature of 250°C and 1 atm are k = 0.04104 W/m·K ρ = 0.6746 kg/m3cp =1.033 kJ/kg·K Pr = 0.6946μ = 2.76 × 10−5 kg/m·s Prs = Pr@Ts = 80°C = 0.7154 The density of air at the inlet temperature of 300°C (for use in the mass flow rate calculation at the inlet) is ρi = 0.6158 kg/m3. The specific heat of water at 80°C is 4.197 kJ/kg·°C. Determine the temperature…Exhaust gases at 1 atm and 300°C are used to preheat water in an industrial facility by passing them over a bank of tubes through which water is flowing at a rate of 6 kg/s. The mean tube wall temperature is 80°C. Exhaust gases approach the tube bank in normal direction at 4.5 m/s. The outer diameter of the tubes is 0.035 m, and the tubes are arranged in-line with longitudinal and transverse pitches of SL = ST = 0.09 m. There are 16 rows in the flow direction with eight tubes in each row. Assume the air properties at 250°C and 1 atm. The air properties at the assumed mean temperature of 250°C and 1 atm are k = 0.04104 W/m·K ρ = 0.6746 kg/m3cp =1.033 kJ/kg·K Pr = 0.6946μ = 2.76 × 10−5 kg/m·s Prs = Pr@Ts = 80°C = 0.7154 The density of air at the inlet temperature of 300°C (for use in the mass flow rate calculation at the inlet) is ρi = 0.6158 kg/m3. The specific heat of water at 80°C is 4.197 kJ/kg·°C. Determine pressure…Prove that the thermocouple will underestimate the temperature of airflow by more than 15% but less than 30% in a large air duct if the temperature of the hot air is 1367 K, duct-wall temperature is 533 K, emissivity of the thermocouple is 0.5, and the convection heat-transfer coefficient is 114 W/m2 -K.